Cytokines in animal models of cancer

Biotherapy

Volumn 8, Issue 3-4, 1996, Pages 229-241

  Burke, Frances ^a   Balkwill, Frances R ^a  

^a IMPERIAL CANCER RESEARCH FUND   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Animal models; Cancer; Cytokines; Interferons; Interleukins

Indexed keywords

ALPHA INTERFERON; BETA INTERFERON; CYTOKINE; FLUOROURACIL; GAMMA INTERFERON; INTERFERON; INTERLEUKIN 12; INTERLEUKIN 2; RECOMBINANT CYTOKINE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR;

ANIMAL MODEL; CANCER; CANCER GRAFT; GENE THERAPY; HUMAN; METASTASIS; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; NUDE MOUSE; ONCOGENE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TRANSGENIC MOUSE;

ANIMALS; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; CYTOKINES; MICE; NEOPLASMS, EXPERIMENTAL;

EID: 0029884816     PISSN: 0921299X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF01877209     Document Type: Review

References (147)

1. Mattern J, Bak M, Hahn EW, Volm M. Human tumor xenografts as model for drug testing. Cancer Metastasis Rev 1988; 7: 263-284.
2. Fiebig HH. Comparison of tumour responses in nude mice and in patients. In: Winograd PMJ, Pinedo H.M. ed: Human Tumour Xenografts in Anticancer Drug Development 1988. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 25-30.
3. Fidler II. Rationele and methods for use of nude mice to study the biology and therapy of human cancer metastases. Cancer Metastasis Rev 1986; 5: 29-49.
4. Brinster RL, Chen HY, Messing A, Van Dyke T, Levine AJ, Palmiter RD. Transgenic mice harboring SV40 T-Antigen genes develop characteristic brain tumors. Cell 1984; 37: 367-379.
5. Thomas H, Balkwill FR. Oncogene transgenic mice as therapeutic models in cancer research. Eur J Cancer 1994; 4: 533-7.
6. Miller AR, McBride WH, Hunt K, Economou JS. Cytokine-mediated gene therapy for cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 1994; 1(5): 436-50.
7. Foa R, Cignetti A, Riera L, Gillio Tos A, Guarini A. Cytokine gene therapy in oncology. Folia Biol Praha 1994; 40 (1-2): 37-48.
8. Golumbek PT, Azhari R, Jaffee EM, Levitsky HI, Lazenby A, Leong K, Pardoll DM. Controlled release, biodegradable cytokine depots: A new approach in cancer vaccine design. Cancer Res 1993; 53: 5841-5844.
9. Crane JL, Glasgow LA, Kern ER, Youngner JS. Inhibition of murine osteogenic sarcomas by treatment with type I or type II interferon. JNCI1978; 61: 871-873.
10. Balkwill FR, Taylor-Papadimitriou J, Fantes KH, Sebesteny A. Human lymphoblastoid interferon can inhibit the growth of human breast cancer xenografts in athymic (nude) mice. Eur J Cancer 1980; 16: 569-573.
11. Balkwill FR, Moodie EM, Freedman V, Fantes KH. Human interferon inhibits the growth of established human breast tumours in the nude mouse. Int J Cancer 1982; 30: 231-235.
12. Balkwill FR. Antitumour effects of interferons in animals. Interferon 4: in vivo & clincial studies, 1985, pp. 23-45.
13. Balkwill FR, Goldstein L, Stebbing N. Differential action of six human interferons agains two human carcinomas growing in nude mice. Int J Cancer 1985; 35:613-617.
14. Brosjo O, Bauer HCF, Brostrom L-A, Nilssone U, Nilsson OS, Reinholt HS, Tribukait B. Influence of human a-interferon on four human osteosarcoma xenografts in nude mice. Cancer Res 1985; 45: 5598-5602.
15. Brosjo O, Bauer HCF, Brostrom L-A, Nilsson OS, Reinholt FP, Tribukait B. Growth inhibition of human osteosarcomas in nude mice by human interferon-alpha:significance of growth & tumour differation. Cancer Res 1987; 47: 258-262.
16. Hofmann V, Groscurth P, Morant R, Cserhati M, Honegger HP, von Hochstetter A. Effects of leukocyte interferon (E. coli) on human bone sarcoma growth in vitro and in the nude mouse. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 1985; 21 (7): 859-63.
17. Forster S, Triffitt JT, Bauer HC, Brosjo O, Nilsson OS, Smith R, Sykes B. Interferon-inhibited human osteosarcoma xenografts induce host bone in nude mice. J Bone Miner Res 1988; 3 (2): 199-202.
18. Sidky YA, Borden EC. Inhibition of angiogenesis by IFNs: effects on tumor and lymphocyte-induced vascular responses. Cancer Res 1987; 47: 5155-5161.
19. Gresser I. Antitumor effects of interferon. Acta Oncol 1989; 28(3): 347-53.
20. Gresser I. How does interferon inhibit, tumor growth? Interferon 1985; 6: 93-126.
21. Balkwill FR. Interferons. Lancet, 1989, pp. 1060-1063.
22. Dvorak HF, Gresser I. Microvascular injury in pathogenesis of interferon-induced necrosis of subcutaneous tumors in mice. JNCI1989; 81:497-502.
23. Gresser I, Maury C, Carnaud C, De Maeyher E, Maunoury MT, Belardelli F. Anti-tumor effects of interferon in mice injected with interferon-sensitive and interferon-resistant friend erythroleukemia cells. VIII. Role of the immune system in the inhibition of visceral metastases. Int J Cancer 1990; 46: 468-474.
24. Kaido T, Gresser I, Maury C, Maunoury M-T, Vignaux F, Belardelli F. Sensitized T lymphocytes render DBA/2 beige mice responsive to IFN a/b therapy of friend erythroleukemia visceral métastases. Int J Cancer 1993; 54: 475-481.
25. Yasui H, Proietti E, Vignaux F, Eid P, Gresser I. Inhibition of mouse a/b-interferon of the multiplication of a/b-interferon-resistant friend erythroleukemia cells cocultured with mouse hepatocytes. Cancer Res 1990; 50 (June 15): 3533-3539.
26. Gresser I, Kaido T, Maury C, Woodrow D, Moss J, Belardelli F. Interaction of IFN α/β with host cells essential to the early inhibition of friend erythroleukemia visceral metastases in mice. Int J Cancer 1994; 57: 604-611.
27. Ramani P, Hart IR, Balkwill FR. The effect of interferon on experimental metastases in immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice. Int J Cancer 1986; 37: 563-568.
28. Ramani P, Balkwill FR. Action of recombinant alpha interferon against experimental and spontaneous metastases in a murine model. Int J Cancer 1989; 43:140-146.
29. Kase S, Kubota T, Watanabe M, Teramoto T, Kitajima M, Huffman RM. Recombinant human interferon alpha-2a increases 5-fluorouracil efficacy by elevating fluorouridine concentration in tumor tissue. Anticancer Res 1994; 14(3a): 1155-9.
30. Balkwill FR, Lee A, Aldam G, Moodie E, Thomas A, Tavernier J, Fiers W. Human tumour xenografts treated with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alone or in combination with interferons. Cancer Res 1986; 46: 3990-3993.
31. Bassukas ID, Hofmockel G, Maurer Schultze B. Treatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon alpha of a human kidney cancer xenograft in nude mice: evidence for an anticachectic effect of interferon alpha. Anticancer Res 1994; 14(la): 237-45.
32. Sayers TJ, Wiltrout TA, McCormick K, Husted C, Wiltrout RH. Antitumor effects of alpha-interferon and gammainterferon on a murine renal cancer (renca) in vitro and in vivo 1. Cancer Res 1990; 50: 5414-5420.
33. Parangi S, O'Reilly MO, Holmgrem L, Folkman J, Hanahan D. Treatment of transgenic mice with a regimen of angiogenesis inhibitors impairs tumour development. Proc. Am. Assoc. Can. Res. 1995; 36: 104.
34. Tani K. [Implantation of genetically manipulated fibroblasts into mice as a model of gene therapy-supplementations of human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (hG-CSF) and interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha)]. Human Cell 1991; 4(1): 25-32.
35. Fcrrantini M, Giovarelli M, Modesti A, Musiani P, Modica A, Venditti M, Peretti E, Lollini PL, Nanni P, Fomi G et al. IFN-alpha 1 gene expression into a metastatic murine adenocarcinoma (TS/A) results in CD8+ T cell-mediated tumor rejection and development of antitumor immunity. Comparative studies with IFN-gamma-producing TS/A cells. J Immunol 1994; 153(10): 4604-15.
36. Ferrantini M, Proietti E, Santodonato L, Gabriele L, Peretti M, Plavec I, Meyer F, Kaido T, Grcsser I, Belardelli F. A1-interferon gene transfer into metastatic Friend leukemia cells abrogated himorigenicity in immunocompetent mice: antitumor therapy by means of interferon-producing cells. Cancer Res 1993; 53: 1107-1112.
37. Ozello L, Habif DV, De Rosa CM. Antiproliferative effects of natural IFN-beta alone and in combination with natural IFN-gamma on human breast carcinomas in nude mice. Breast Can Res Treat 1990; 16:89-96.
38. Kase S, Kubota T, Watanabe M, Furukawa T, Tanino H, Ishibiki K, Teramoto T, Kitajima M: Interferon beta increases antitumor activity of 5-fluorouracil against human colon carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Anticancer Res 1993; 13(2):369-73.
39. Johns TG, Mackay IR, CaUister KA, Hertzog PJ, Devenish RJ, Linnane AW. Antiproliferative potencies of interferons on melanoma cell lines and xenografts: higher efficacy of interferon beta. J Natl Cancer Inst 1992; 84(15): 1185-90.
40. Tanaka N, Nagao S, Tohgo A, Sekiguchi F, Kohno M, Ogawa H, Matsui T, Matsutani M. Effects of human fibroblast interferon on human gliomas transplanted into nude mice. Gann 1983; 74: 308-316.
41. Nakamura O, Nomura K, Maruo K, Ueyama Y, Matsutani M, Takakura K. [Antineoplastic effect of beta-IFN and gammaIFN on malignant gliomas]. No To Shinkei 1987; 39(7): 627-32.
42. Balkwill FR, Stevens MH, Griffin DB, Thomas JA, Bodmer JG. Interferon gamma regulates HLA-d expression on solid tumors in vivo. Ear} Cancer din Oncol 1987; 23: 101-106.
43. Balkwül FR, Ward BG, Moodie E, Fiers W: Therapeutic potential of tumor necrosis factor alpha and gamma interferon in experimental human ovarian cancer. Cancer Res 1987; 47: 4755-4758.
44. Malik STA, Knowles RG, East N, Lando D, Stamp G, Balkwill FR. Antitumour activity of gamma interferon in ascitic and solid tumour models of human ovarian cancer. Cancer Research 1991; 51:6643-9.
45. Balkwill FR, Proietti E. Effects of mouse interferon on human tumour xenografts in the nude mouse host. Int J Cancer 1986; 38: 375-380.
46. Ramani P, Balkwill FR. Human interferons inhibit experimental metastases of a human melanoma cell une in nude mice. Br J Cancer 1988; 58: 350-354.
47. Giovarelli M, Cofano F, Vecchi A, Forni M, Landolfo S, Fomi G. Interferon-activated tumor inhibition in vivo. Small amounts of interferon-gamma inhibit tumor growth by eliciting host systemic immunoreactivity. IntJ Cancer 1986; 37(1): 141-8.
48. Kondo H, Tanaka N, Naomoto Y, Orita K. Antitumor effect of recombinant human interferon-beta and interferon-gamma in combination against human colon cancer cell line in vitro and in nude mice. Jpn J Cancer Res 1987; 78(11): 1258-65.
49. Ramani P, Balkwill FR. Enhanced metastases of a mouse carcinoma after in vitro treatment with murine interferon gamma. Int J Cancer 1987; 40: 830-834.
50. Watanabe Y, Kuribayashi K, Miyatake S, Nishiham K, Nakayama E, Taniyama T, Sakata T. Exogenous expression of mouse interferon gamma cDNA in mouse neuroblastoma C1300 cells results in reduced tumorigenicity by augmented anti-tumor immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1989; 86(23): 9456-60.
51. Porgador A, Bannerji R, Watanabe Y, Feldman M, Gilboa E, Eisenbach L. Antimetastatic vaccination of tumor-beating mice with two types of IFN-gamma gene-inserted tumor cells. J Immunol 1993; 150(4): 1458-70.
52. Restifo NP, Spiess PJ, Karp SE, Mule JJ, Rosenberg SA. A nonimmunogenic sarcoma transduced with the cDNA for interferon gamma elicits CD8+ T cells against the wild-type tumor: correlation with antigen presentation capability. J Exp Med 1992; 175(6): 1423-31.
53. Gansbacher B, Bannerji R, Daniels B, Zier K, Cronin K, Gilboa E. Retroviral vector-mediated g-interferon gene transfer into tumor cells generates potent and long lasting antitumor immunity. Cancer Res 1990; 50(December): 7820-7825.
54. Esumi N, Hunt B, Itaya T, Frost P: Reduced tumorigenicity of murine tumor cells secreting gamma-interferon is due to nonspecific host responses and is unrelated to class I major histocompatibility complex expression. Cancer Res 1991; 51(4): 1185-9.
55. Hiura M, Hashimura T, Watanabe Y, Kuribayashi K, Yoshida O. Induction of specific anti-tumour immunity by interferongamma gene-transferred murine bladder carcinoma MBT-2. Folia Biol Praha 1994; 40(1-2): 49-61.
56. Helson L, Helson C, Green S. Effects of murine tumor necrosis factor on heterotransplanted human tumors. Exp Cell Biol 1979; 47(1): 53-60.
57. Haranaka K, Satomi N, Sakurai A. Antitumor activity of murine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) Against transplanted murine tumors and heterotransplanted human tumors in nude mice. Int J Cancer 1984; 34: 263-267.
58. Creasey AA, Reynolds MT, Laird W. Cures and partial regression of murine and human tumors by recombinant human tumor necrosis factor. Cancer Res 1986; 46(November): 5687-5690.
59. Nosoh Y, Toge T, Nishiyama M, Yamaguchi M, Hirabayashi N, Niimoto M, Hattori T. Antitumor effects of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor against human tumor xenografts transplanted into nude mice. Jpn J Surg 1987; 17(1): 51-54.
60. Sohmura Y, Nakata K, Yoshida H, Kashimoto S, Matsui Y, Furuichi H. Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-II. Antitumor effect on murine and human tumors transplanted in mice. Int J Immunopharmacol 1986; 8(3): 357-68.
61. Marietta A, Podczaski E, Zaino RJ, Satyaswaroop PG. Therapeutic effect of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor in ovarian carcinoma xenograft in nude mice. Gynecol Oncol 1989; 34(3): 360-4.
62. Malik STAA, Griffin DB, Fiers W, Balkwill FR: Paradoxical effects of tumour necrosis factor in experimental ovarian cancer. Int J Cancer 1989; 44: 918-925.
63. Malik S: The activity of TNF in experimental cancer models. In: Beutler Bed, Tumor Necrosis Factors. Dallas, Texas, Raven Press New York, 1992.
64. Carswell EA, Old L J, Kassel R J, Green S, Fiore N, Williamson B: An endotoxin-induced serum factor that causes necrosis of tumours. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1975; 72: 3666-3670.
65. Manda T, Shimomura K, Mukumoto S, Kobayashi K, Mizota T, Hirai O, Matsumoto S, Oku T, Nishigaki E Mori J, Kikuchi H. Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha: evidence of an indirect mode of antitumor activity. Cancer Res 1987; 47:3707-3711.
66. Mule JJ, Asher A, McIntosh J, Lafreniere R, Shiloni E, Lefor A, Reichert CM, Rosenberg SA. Antitumor effect of recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha against marine sarcomas at visceral sites: tumor size influences the response to therapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 1988; 26(3): 202-8.
67. Tomazic V J, Farha M, Lofius A, Elias EG. Anti-tumor activity of recombinant tumor necrosis factor on mouse fibrosarcoma in vivo and in vitro. J Immunol 1988; 140(11): 4056-61.
68. Palladino MA, Jr., Shalaby MR, Kramer SM, Ferraiolo BL, Baughman RA, Deleo AB, Crase D, Marafino B, Aggarwal BB, Figari IS, et al. Characterization of the antitumor activities of human tumor necrosis factor-alpha and the comparison with other cytokines: induction of tumor-specific immunity. J Immunol 1987; 138(11): 4023-32.
69. Havell EA, Fiers W, North RJ. The antitumor function of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), I. Therapeutic action of TNF against an established murine sarcoma is indirect, immunologically dependent, and limited by severe toxicity. J Exp Med 1988; 167(3): 1067-85.
70. al Attiyah R, Rosen H, Rook GA. A model for the investigation of factors influencing haemorrhagic necrosis mediated by tumour necrosis factor in tissue sites primed with mycobacterial antigen preparations. Clin Exp Immunol 1992; 88(3): 537-42.
71. Malik STA, Naylor S, East N, Oliff A, Balkwill FR. Cells secreting tumour necrosis factor show enhanced metastasis in nude mice. Eur J Cancer 1990; 26(10): 1031-1034.
72. Nishiyama Y, Fuchimoto S, Orita K. Preventive and antiproliferative effects of tumor necrosis factor against experimental hepatic metastases of mouse colon-26 tumor. Jpn J Cancer Res 1989; 80(4):366-72.
73. Orosz P, Echtenacher B, Falk W, Ruschoff J, Weber D, Mannel DN. Enhancement of experimental metastasis by tumor necrosis factor. J Exp Med 1993; 177(5): 1391-8.
74. Talmadge JE, Tribble HR, Pennington RW, Phillips H, Wiltrout RH. Immunomodulatory and immunotherapeutic properties of recombinant gamma interferon and recombinant tumor necrosis factor in mice. Cancer Res 1987; 47: 2563-2570.
75. Baisch H, Otto U, Kloppel G. Antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of single and combined treatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha and/or alpha interferon on a human renal cell carcinoma xenotransplanted into nu/nu mice: cell kinetic studies. Cancer Res 1990; 50(19): 6389-95.
76. Winkelhake JL, Stampfl S, Zimmerman RJ. Synergistic effects of combination therapy with human recombinant intedeukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor in murine tumor models. Cancer Res 1987; 47(15): 3948-53.
77. Mclntosh JK, Mule JJ, Krosnick JA, Rosenberg SA. Combination cytokine immunotherapy with tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 2 and alpha-interferon and its synergistic antitumor effects in mice. Cancer Res 1989; 49: 1408-1414.
78. Ohkura M, Fuchimoto S, Orita K. Antitumor effect of recombinant human intedeukin-lβ alone and in combination with natural human tumor necrosis factor-α. Jpn J Cancer Res 1990; 81(October): 1026-1031.
79. Mule JJ, McIntosh JK, Jablons DM, Rosenberg SA. Antitumor activity of recombinant intedeukin 6 in mice. J Exp Med 1990; 171: 629-636.
80. de Kossodo S, Moore R, Gschmeissner S, East N, Upton C, Balkwill E Changes in endogenous cytokines, adhesion molecules and platelets during cytokine induced tumour necrosis. Brit. J. Can. 1995; in press.
81. Oliff A, Defeo Jones D, Boyer M, Martinez D, Kiefer D, Vuocolo G, Wolfe A, Socher SH. Tumors secreting human TNF/cachectin induce cachexia in mice. Cell 1987; 50(4): 555-63.
82. Blankenstein T, Qin ZH, Uberla K, Muller W, Rosen H, Volk HD, Diamantstein T. Tumor suppression after tumor celltargeted tumor necrosis factor alpha gene transfer. J Exp Med 1991; 173(5): 1047-52.
83. Teng MN, Park BH, Koeppen HK, Tracey KJ, Fendly BM, Schreiber H. Long-term inhibition of tumor growth by tumor necrosis factor in the absence of cachexia or T-cell immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991; 88(9):3535-9.
84. Asher AL, Mule JJ, Kasid A, Restifo NP, Salo JC, Reichert CM, Jaffe G, Fendly B, Kriegler M, Rosenberg SA. Murine tumor cells transduced with the gene for tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Evidence for paracrine immune effects of tumor necrosis factor against tumors. J Immunol 1991; 146(9): 3227-34.
85. Yannelli JR, Hyatt C, Johnson S, Hwu P, Rosenberg SA. Characterization of human tumor cell lines transduced with the cDNA encoding either tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa) or interleukin-2 (IL-2). J Immunol Methods 1993; 161(1): 77-90.
86. Mizuno M, Yoshida J, Oyama H, Sugita K. Growth inhibition of glioma cells by liposome-mediated cell transfection with tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene-its enhancement by prior gamma-interferon treatment. Neurol Med Chir Tokyo 1992; 32(12): 873-6.
87. Marincola FM, Venzon D, White D, Rubin JT, Lotze MT, Simonis TB, Balkissoon J, Rosenberg SA, Parkinson DR. HLA association with response and toxicity in melanoma patients treated with interleukin 2-based immunotherapy. Cancer Res 1992; 52: 6561-6566.
88. Moore AS, Theilen GH, NeweU AD, Madewell BR, Rudolf AF. Preclinical study of sequential tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 2 in the treatment of spontaneous canine neoplasms. Cancer Res 1991; 51(Jan. 1): 233-238.
89. Papa MZ, Vetto JT, Ettinghausen SE, Mule J J, Rosenberg SA. Effect of corticosteroid on the antitumor activity of lymphokine-activated killer cells and interleukin 2 in mice. Cancer Res 1986; 46:5618-5623.
90. Ettinghansen SE, Rosenberg SA. Immunotherapy of murine sarcomas using lymphokine activated killer cells: optimization of the schedule and route of administration of recombinant interleukin-2. Cancer Res 1986; 46: 2784-92.
91. Paciotti GF, Tamarkin L: Interleukin-2 differentially affects the proliferation of a hormone-dependent and a hormoneindependent human breast cancer cell line in vitro and in vivo. Anticancer Res 1988; 8(6): 1233-9.
92. Sacchi M, Vitolo D, Sedlmayr P, Rabinowich H, Johnson JT, Herberman RB, Wbiteside TL. Induction of tumor regression in experimental model of human head and neck cancer by human A-LAK ceils and IL-2. Int J Cancer 1991; 47(5): 784- 91.
93. Sacchi M, Snyderman CH, Heo DS, Johnson JT, d'Amico F, Herberman RB, Whiteside TL. Local adoptive immunotherapy of human head and neck cancer xenografts in nude mice with lymphokine-activated killer cells and interleukin 2. Cancer Res 1990; 50(10): 3113-8.
94. Weidmann E, Sacchi M, Plaisance S, Heo DS, Yasumura S, Lin WC, Johnson JT, Herberman RB, Azzarone B, Whiteside TL. Receptors for interleukin 2 on human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and tumor in situ. Cancer Res 1992; 52(21 ): 5963-70.
95. Rabinowich H, Vitolo D, Altarac S, Herberman RB, White-side TL. Role of cytokines in the adoptive immunotherapy of an experimental model of human head and neck cancer by human 1L-2-activated natural killer cells. J Immunol 1992; 149(1): 340-9.
96. Vujanovic NL, Yasumura S, Hirabayashi H, Lin WC, Watkins S, Herberman RB, Whiteside TL. Antitumor activities of subsets of human IL-2-activated natural killer cells in solid tissues. J Immunol 1995; 154(1): 281-9.
97. Greenberg PD. Therapy of murine leukemia with cyclophosphamide and immune Lyt-2+ cells: cytolytic T cells can mediate eradication of disseminated leukemia. J Immunol 1986; 136(5): 1917-22.
98. Mule JJ, Smith CA, Rosenberg SA. lnterleukin 4 can mediate the induction of lymphnkine-activated killer cell activity directed against fresh tumor cells. J Exp Med 1987; 166: 792-797.
99. Talmadge JE, Phillips H, Schindler J, Tribble H, Pennington R. Systematic preclinical study on the therapeutic properties of recombinant human intedeukin 2 for the treatment of metastatic disease. Cancer Res 1987; 47: 5725-5732.
100. Foa R, Fierro MT, Raspadori D, Bonferroni M, Cardona S, Guarini A, Tos AG, Di Celle F, Cesano A, Matera L, Lanria F, Gavosto E Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell activity in B and Tchronic lymphoid leukemia: defective LAK generation and reduced susceptibility of the leukemic cells to allogeneic and autologous lak effectors. Blood 1990; 76(7): 1349-1354.
101. Herberman RB, Nunn ME, Lavrin DH. Natural cytotoxic reactivity of mouse lymphoid cells against syngeneic acid allogeneic tumors. I. Distribution of reactivity and specificity. Int J Cancer 1975; 16(2): 216-29.
102. Lafreniere R, Rosenberg SA. Adoptive immunotherapy of murine hepatic metastases with lymphokine activaed killer (LAK) cells and recombinant interleukin 2 (R1L)2. J lmmunol 1985; 135: 4273-4280.
103. Mule JJ, Shu S, Rosenber SA. The anti-tumor efficacy of lymphokine-activated killer cells and recombinant interleukin 2 in vivo. J lmmunol 1985; 135: 642-646.
104. Rosenberg SA, Mule JJ, Spiess J, Reichert CM, Schwarz SL. Regression of established pulmonary metastases and subcutaneous tumor mediated by systemic administration of high-dose recombinant interleukin. J Exp Med 1985; 161:1169-1188.
105. Hirabayashi H, Yasumura S, Lin WC, Amoscato A, Johnson JT, Herberman RB, Whiteside TL. Production by human squamous cell carcinoma of a factor inducing activation and proliferation of immune cells. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1995; 121(3): 285-92.
106. Henney CS, Kuribayashi K, Kern DE, Gillis S. Interleukin-2 augments natural killer cell activity. Nature 1981; 291 (5813): 335-8.
107. Rosenberg SA, Spiess P, Lafreniere R. A new approach to the adoptive immunotherapy of cancer with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Science 1986; 233: 1318-21.
108. Schwarz RE, Vujanovic NL, Hiserodt JC. Enhanced antimetastatic activity of lymphokine-activated killer cells purified and expanded by their adherence to plastic. Cancer Res 1989; 49(6): 1441-6.
109. Mule JJ, Sbu S, Schwarz SL, Rosenberg SA. Adoptive immunotherapy of established pulmonary metastases with LAK cells and recombinant interleukin-2. Science 1984; 225(4669): 1487-9.
110. Ettinghausen SE, Rosenberg SA. The adoptive immunotherapy of cnancer using lyraphokine activated killer cells and recombinant interleukin-2. Springer Semin Immunopathol 1986; 9: 51-71.
111. Brunda MJ. Antitumour activity of interleukin-2 combined with other cytokines. In. Waxman JaBFR ed: Interleukin-2. London, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1992, p 106-121.
112. Brunda MJ, Bellantoni D, Sulich V. In vivo anti-tumor activity of combinations of interferon alpha and interleukin-2 in a murine model. Correlation of efficacy with the induction of cytotoxic cells resembling natural killer cells. Int J Cancer 1987; 40: 365-371.
113. ligo M, Sakurai M, Tamura T, Saijo N, Hoshi A. In vivo antitumor activity of multiple injections of recombinant interleukin 2, alone and in combination with three different types of recombinant interferon, on various syngeneic murine tumors. Cancer Res 1988; 48(2): 260-4.
114. Truitt GA, Brunda MJ, Levitt D, Anderson TD, Sherman MI. The therapeutic activity in cancer of IL-2 in combination with other cytokines. Cancer Surv 1989; 8(4): 875-89.
115. Sakura Y, Ootsu K, Shino A. Combination therapy of colon carcinoma 26 in mice with recombinant human interleukin-2 and interferon-alpha A/D: occurrence of large granular cells in the tumor. Jpn J Cancer Res 1989; 80(9): 895-903.
116. Kirn B, Stein S, Warnaka P, Franceschi D. Enhanced in vivo therapy of pulmonary metastases with interferon and interleukin-2. J Surg Res 1988: 45(1): 66-73.
117. Rosenberg SA, Schwarz SL, Spiess PJ. Combination immunotherapy for cancer: synergistic antitumor interactions of interleukin-2 alfa interferon, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. JNCI1988; 80: 1393-1397.
118. Hornung RL, Back TC, Zaharko DS, Urba WJ, Longo DL, Wiltrout RH. Augmentation of natural killer activity, induction of IFN and development tumor immunity during the successful treatment of established murine renal cancer using flavone acetic acid and JL-2. J Immunol 1988; 141(10): 3671-9.
119. Cameron RB, Mclntosh JK, Rosenberg SA. Synergistic antitumor effects of combination immunotherapy with recombinant interleukin-2 and a recombinant hybrid alpha interferon in the treatment of established murien hepatic metastases. Cancer Res 1988; 48: 5810-5817.
120. Silagi S, Dutkowski R, Schaefer A. Eradication of mouse melanoma by combined treatment with recombinant human interleukin 2 and recombinant murine interferon-gamma. Int J Cancer 1988; 41(2): 315-22.
121. Agah R, Malloy B, Sherrod A, Mazumder A. Successful therapy of natural killer-resistant pulmonary metastases by the synergism of gamma-interferon with tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-2 in mice. Cancer Res 1988; 48(8): 2245-8.
122. Dubinett SM, Kurnick JT, Kradin RL. Adoptive immunotherapy of murine pulmonary metastases with interleukin 2 and interferon-gamma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1989; 1(5): 361-9.
123. Nishimura T, Ohta S, Sato N, Togashi Y, Goto M, Hashimoto Y. Combination tumor-immunotherapy with recombinant tumor necrosis factor and recombinant interleukin 2 in mice. Int J Cancer 1987; 40(2): 255-61.
124. Ward BG, Wallace K, Shepherd JH, Balkwill FR. Intraperitoneal xenografts of human epithelial ovarian cancer in nude mice. Cancer Res 1987; 47: 2662-2667.
125. Mahadevan V, Malik ST, Meager A, Fiers W, Lewis GP, Hart IR. Role of tumor necrosis factor in flavone acetic acid-induced tumor vasculature shutdown. Cancer Res 1990; 50(17): 5537-42.
126. Mclntosh JK, Mule JJ, Merino MI, Rosenberg SA. Synergistic antitumor effects of immunotherapy with recombinant interleukin-2 and recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha. Cancer Res 1988; 48:4011-4017.
127. ligo M, Nishikata K, Hoshi A. Effect of recombinant interleukin-1 alpha, recombinant interleukin-2, recombinant interferon-beta, and recombinant tumor necrosis factor on subcutaneously implanted adenocarcinoma 755 and Lewis lung carcinoma. J Biol Response Mod 1990; 9(4): 426-30.
128. Gansbacher B, Zier K, Daniels B, Cronin K, Bannerji R, Gilboa E. Interleukin 2 gene transfer into rumor cells abrogates tumorigenicity and induces protective immunity. J Exp Med 172(October): 1217-1224,1990.
129. Fearon ER, Pardoll DM, Itaya T, Golumbek P, Levitsky HI, Simons JW, Karasuyama H, Vogelstein B, Frost P. Interleukin-2 production by tumor cells bypasses T helper function in the generation of an antitumor response. Cell 1990; 60(3): 397-403.
130. Gansbacher B, Zier K, Cronin K, Hantzopoulos PA, Bouchard B, Houghton A, Gilboa E, Golde D. Retroviral gene transfer induced constitutive expression of interleukin-2 or interferongamma in irradiated human melanoma cells. Blood 1992; 80(11): 2817-25.
131. Bubenik J, Simova J, Jandlova T. Immunotherapy of cancer using local administration of lymphoid cells transformed by IL-2 cDNA and constitutively producing IL-2. Immunol Lett 1990; 23(4): 287-92.
132. Ley V, Langlade Demoyen P, Kourilsky P, Larsson Sciard EL. Interleukin 2-dependent activation of tumor-specific cytotoxicT lymphocytes in vivo. Eur JImmunol 1991; 21(3): 851-4.
133. Russell SJ, Eccles SA, Flemming CL, Johnson CA, Collins MK. Decreased tumorigenicity of a transplan table rat sarcoma following transfer and expression of an IL-2 cDNA. Int J Cancer 1991; 47(2): 244-51.
134. Connor J, Bannerji R, Saito S, Heston W, Fair W, Gilboa E. Regression of bladder tumors in mice treated with interleukin 2 gene-modified tumor cells [published erratum appears in J Exp Med 1993 Jun 1;177(6): following 1831]. J Exp Med 1993; 177(4): 1127-34.
135. Foa R, Guarini A, Cignetti A, Cronin K, Rosenthal F, Gansbacher B. Cytokine gene therapy: a new strategy for the management of cancer patients. Nat Immun 1994; 13(2-3): 65-75.
136. Fearon ER, Pardoll DM, laya T, Golumbek P, Levitsky HI, Simons JW, Karasuyama H, Vogelstein B, Frost P. Interleukin-2 production by tumor cells bypasses t helper function in the generation of an antitumor response. Cell 1990; 60: 397-403.
137. Abdel Wahab Z, Li WP, Osanto S, Darrow TL, Hessling J, Vervaert CE, Burrascano M, Barber J, Seigler HF. Transduction of human melanoma cells with interleukin-2 gene reduces tumorigenicity and enhances host antitumor immunity: a nude mouse model. Cell Immunol 1994; 159(1): 26-39.
138. Miller AR, McBride WH, Dubinett SM, Dougherty GJ, Thacker JD, Shau H, Kohn DB, Moen RC, Walker MJ, Chiu R, et al. Transduction of human melanoma cell Unes with the human interleukin-7 gene using retroviral-mediated gene transfer: comparison of immunologie properties with interleukin-2. Blood 1993; 82(12): 3686-94.
139. Kaip SE, Falber A, Salo JC, Hwu P, Jaffe G, Asher AL, Shiloni E, Restifo NP, Mule JJ, Rosenberg SA. Cytokine sécrétion by genetically modified nonimmunogenic mutine fibrosarcoma. Tumor inhibition by IL-2 but not tumor necrosis factor. J Immunol 1993; 150(3): 896-908.
140. Cavallo F, Giovarelli M, Gulino A, Vacca A, Stoppacciaro A, Modesti A, Forni G. Role of neutrophils and CD4+ T lymphocytes in the primary and memory response to nonimmunogenic murine mammary adenocarcinoma made immunogenic by IL-2 gene. J Immunol 1992; 149(11): 3627-35.
141. Bubenik J, Simova J, Bubenikova D, Zeuthen J, Indrova M. Interleukin-2 gene therapy of residual EL-4 leukaemia potentiates the effect of cyclophosphamide pretreatment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1992; 121(1): 39-43.
142. Brunda MJ, Luistro L, Warner RR, Wright RB, Hubbard BR, Murphy M, Wolf SF, Gately MK. Antitumor and antimetastatic activity of interleukin 12 against murine tumors. J exp med 1993; 178(October): 1223-1230.
143. Nastala CL, Edington HD, McKinney TG, Tahara H, Nalesnik MA, Brunda MJ, Gately MK, Wolf SF, Schreiber RD, Storkus WJ, et al. Recombinant IL-12 administration induces tumor regression in association with IFN-gamma production. J Immunol 1994; 153(4): 1697-706.
144. Gately MK, Gubler U, Brunda MJ, Nadeau Rr, Anderson TD, Lipman JM, Sarmiento U. Interleukin-12: a cytokine with therapeutic potential in oncology and infectious diseases. Therapeutic Immunol In press, 1994.
145. O'Toole M, Wolf S, O'Brien C, Hubbard B, Herrmann S. Effect of in vivo IL-12 administration on murine tumour cell growth. J Immunol 1993; 150: 294A.
146. Tahara H, Zeh HJr, Storkus WJ, Pappo I, Watkins SC, Gubler U, Wolf SF, Robbins PD, Lotze MT. Rbroblasts genetically engineered to secrete interleukin 12 can suppress tumor growth and induce antitumor immunity to a murine melanoma in vivo. Cancer Res 1994; 54(1): 182-9.
147. Pappo I, Tahara H, Robbins PD, Gately MK, Wolf SF, Barnea A, Lotze MT. Administration of systemic or local interleukin2 enhances the anti-tumor effects of interleukin-12 gene therapy. J Surg Res 1995; 58(2): 218-26.