Biochemistry of cell death

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

Volumn 6, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 71-80

  Fraser, Andrew ^a   McCarthy, Nicola ^a   Evan, Gerard I ^a  

^a IMPERIAL CANCER RESEARCH FUND   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYTOKINE; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA CONVERTING ENZYME; NERVE GROWTH FACTOR; NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RIBOSYLTRANSFERASE; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; SOMATOMEDIN; T LYMPHOCYTE RECEPTOR; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR;

APOPTOSIS; BIOCHEMISTRY; CELL DEATH; ETIOLOGY; MOUSE; NERVE CELL NECROSIS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 0029882016     PISSN: 09594388     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0959-4388(96)80011-0     Document Type: Article

References (103)

1. Raff M, Barres B, Burne J, Coles H, Ishizaki Y, Jacobson M: Programmed cell death and the control of cell survival: lessons from the nervous system. Science 1993, 262:695-700.
2. Boise LH, Gonzalez GM, Postema CE, Ding L, Lindsten T, Turka LA, Mao X, Nunez G, Thompson CB: bcl-x, a bcl-2-related gene that functions as a dominant regulator of apoptotic cell death. Cell 1993, 74:597-608.
3. LaFerla FM, Tinkle BT, Bieberich CJ, Haudenschild CC, Jay G: The Alzheimer's Aβ peptide induces neurodegeneration and apoptotic cell death in transgenic mice. Nature Genet 1995, 9:21-30.
4. Roy N, Mahadevan MS, McLean M, Shutler G, Yaraghi Z, Farahani R, Baird S, Besner Johnston A, Lefebvre C, Kang X et al.: The gene for neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein is partially deleted in individuals with spinal muscular atrophy. Cell 1995, 80:167-178.
5. Lefebvre S, Burglen L, Reboullet S, Clermont O, Burlet P, Viollet L, Benichou B, Cruaud C, Millasseau P, Zeviani M et al.: Identification and characterization of a spinal muscular atrophy-determining gene. Cell 1995, 80:155-165.
6. Nasir J, Floresco SB, O'Kusky JR, Diewert VM, Richman JM, Zeisler J, Borowski A, Marth JD, Phillips AG, Hayden MR: Targeted disruption of the Huntington's disease gene results in embryonic lethality and behavioral and morphological changes in heterozygotes. Cell 1995, 81:811-823.
7. Duyao MP, Auerbach AB, Ryan A, Persichetti F, Barnes GT, McNeil SM, Ge P, Vonsattel JP, Gusella JF, Joyner A et al.: Inactivation of the mouse Huntington's disease gene homolog Hdh. Science 1995, 269:407-410.
8. Prusiner SB: Genetic and infectious prion diseases. Arch Neurol 1993, 50:1129-1153.
9. Yuan JY, Horvitz HR: The Caenorhabditis elegans genes ced-3 and ced-4 act cell autonomously to cause programmed cell death. Dev Biol 1990, 138:33-41.
10. Hengartner MO, Ellis RE, Horvitz HR: Caenorhabditis elegans gene ced-9 protects cells from programmed cell death. Nature 1992, 356:494-499.
11. Raff MC: Social controls on cell survival and cell death. Nature 1992, 356:397-400.
12. McConkey DJ, Hartzell P, Jondal M, Orrenius S: Inhibition of DNA fragmentation in thymocytes and isolated thymocyte nuclei by agents that stimulate protein kinase C. J Biol Chem 1989, 264:13399-13402.
13. Berridge MJ: Inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol as second messengers. Biochem J 1984, 220:345-360.
14. Rosoff PM, Savage N, Dinarello CA: Interleukin-1 stimulates diacylglycerol production in T lymphocytes by a novel mechanism. Cell 1988, 54:73-81.
15. McConkey DJ, Hartzell P, Chow SC, Orrenius S, Jondal M: Interleukin 1 inhibits T cell receptor-mediated apoptosis in immature thymocytes. J Biol Chem 1990, 265:3009-3011.
16. McConkey DJ, Orrenius S, Jondal M: Cellular signalling in programmed cell death (apoptosis). Immunol Today 1990, 11:120-121.
17. Jenkins MK, Pardoll DM, Mizuguchi J, Chused TM, Schwartz RH: Molecular events in the induction of a nonresponsive state in interleukin 2-producing helper T-lymphocyte clones. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987, 84:5409-5413.
18. Jenkins MK, Ashwell JD, Schwartz RH: Allogeneic non-T spleen cells restore the responsiveness of normal T cell clones stimulated with antigen and chemically modified antigen-presenting cells. J Immunol 1988, 140:3324-3330.
19. Quill H, Schwartz RH: Stimulation of normal inducer T cell clones with antigen presented by purified la molecules in planar lipid membranes: specific induction of a long-lived state of proliferative nonresponsiveness. J Immunol 1987, 138:3704-3712.
20. Xia Z, Dickens M, Raingeaud J, Davis R, Greenberg M: Opposing effects of ERK and JNK-p38 MAP kinases on apoptosis. Science 1995, 270:1326-1331. Describes the activation of JNK and p38MAP kinase pathways, and the concomitant suppression of ERK activation upon withdrawal of NGF.
21. Nobes CD, Tolkovsky AM: Neutralizing anti-p21ras Fabs suppress rat sympathetic neuron survival induced by NGF, LIF, CNTF and cAMP. Eur J Neurosci 1995, 7:344-350. Apoptosis suppressed by survival cytokines in newly isolated rat sympathetic neurones is abrogated in the presence of anti-p21ras antibodies, implicating Ras activity in neuronal survival.
22. Harrington E, Fanidi A, Bennett M, Evan G: Modulation of Myc-induced apoptosis by specific cytokines. EMBO J 1994, 13:3286-3295.
23. Geier A, Beery R, Haimsohn M, Hemi R, Malik Z, Karasik A: Epidermal growth factor, phorbol esters, and aurintricarboxylic acid are survival factors for MDA-231 cells exposed to adriamycin. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 1994, 30:867-874.
24. ••], dominant-negative ras mutants inhibit NGF-mediated differentiation, but not survival. NGF survival pathways in this system are dependent on activation of PI-3 kinases.
25. Trauth BC, Klas C, Peters AM, Matzku S, Moller P, Falk W, Debatin KM, Krammer PH: Monoclonal antibody-mediated tumor regression by induction of apoptosis. Science 1989, 245:301-305.
26. Yonehara S, Ishii A, Yonehara M: A cell-killing monoclonal antibody (anti-Fas) to a cell surface antigen co-downregulated with the receptor of tumor necrosis factor. J Exp Med 1989, 169:1747-1756.
27. Oehm A, Behrmann I, Falk W, Pawlita M, Maier G, Klas C, Li WM, Richards S, Dhein J, Trauth BC et al.: Purification and molecular cloning of the APO-1 cell surface antigen, a member of the tumor necrosis factor/nerve growth factor receptor superfamily. Sequence identity with the Fas antigen. J Biol Chem 1992, 267:10709-10715.
28. Cheng J, Zhou T, Liu C, Shapiro JP, Brauer MJ, Kiefer MC, Barr PJ, Mountz JD: Protection from Fas-mediated apoptosis by a soluble form of the Fas molecule. Science 1994, 263:1759-1762.
29. Peitsch MC, Tschopp J: Comparative molecular modelling of the Fas-ligand and other members of the TNF family. Mol Immunol 1995, 32:761-772.
30. Krammer PH, Dhein J, Walczak H, Behrmann I, Mariani S, Matiba B, Fath M, Daniel PT, Knipping E, Westendorp MO et al.: The role of APO-1-mediated apoptosis in the immune system. Immunol Rev 1994, 142:175-191. A recent, concise review on Apo-1/Fas (CD95)-mediated cell death in the immune system.
31. Itoh N, Nagata S: A novel protein domain required for apoptosis. Mutational analysis of human Fas antigen. J Biol Chem 1993, 268:10932-10937.
32. Tartaglia L, Ayres T, Wong G, Goeddel D: A novel domain within the 55 kd TNF receptor signals cell death. Cell 1993, 74:845-853.
33. Golstein P, Marguet D, Depraetere V: Homology between reaper and the cell death domains of Fas and TNFR1. Cell 1995, 81:185-186.
34. White K, Grether ME, Abrams JM, Young L, Farrell K, Steller H: Genetic control of programmed cell death in Drosophila. Science 1994, 264:677-683.
35. Chinnaiyan AM, O'Rourke K, Tewari M, Dixit VM: FADD, a novel death domain-containing protein, interacts with the death domain of Fas and initiates apoptosis. Cell 1995, 81:505-512.
36. Hsu H, Xiong J, Goeddel DV: The TNF receptor 1-associated protein TRADD signals cell death and NF-kappa B activation. Cell 1995, 81:495-504.
37. Stanger BZ, Leder P, Lee TH, Kim E, Seed B: RIP: a novel protein containing a death domain that interacts with Fas/APO-1 (CD95) in yeast and causes cell death. Cell 1995, 81:513-523.
38. Haimovitz Friedman A, Kan CC, Ehleiter D, Persaud RS, McLoughlin M, Fuks Z, Kolesnick RN: Ionizing radiation acts on cellular membranes to generate ceramide and initiate apoptosis. J Exp Med 1994, 180:525-535.
39. Cifone MG, De Maria R, Roncaioli P, Rippo MR, Azuma M, Lanier LL, Santoni A, Testi R: Apoptotic signaling through CD95 (Fas/Apo-1) activates an acidic sphingomyelinase. J Exp Med 1994, 180:1547-1552.
40. Bose R, Verheij M, Haimovitz Friedman A, Scotto K, Fuks Z, Kolesnick R: Ceramide synthase mediates daunorubicin-induced apoptosis: an alternative mechanism for generating death signals. Cell 1995, 82:405-414.
41. Gill BM, Nishikata H, Chan G, Delovitch TL, Ochi A: Fas antigen and sphingomyelin-ceramide turnover-mediated signaling: role in life and death of T lymphocytes. Immunol Rev 1994, 142:113-125.
42. Obeid LM, Linardic CM, Karolak LA, Hannun YA: Programmed cell death induced by ceramide. Science 1993, 259: 1769-1771.
43. Jarvis WD, Kolesnick RN, Fomari FA, Traylor RS, Gewirtz DA, Grant S: Induction of apoptotic DNA damage and cell death by activation of the sphingomyelin pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994, 91:73-77.
44. Hannun YA, Obeid LM: Ceramide: an intracellular signal for apoptosis. Trends Biochem Sci 1995, 20:73-77.
45. Joseph CK, Byun HS, Bittman R, Kolesnick RN: Substrate recognition by ceramide-activated protein kinase. Evidence that kinase activity is proline-directed. J Biol Chem 1993, 268:20002-20006.
46. Mathias S, Kolesnick R: Ceramide: a novel second messenger. Adv Lipid Res 1993, 25:65-90.
47. Dobrowsky RT, Kamibayashi C, Mumby MC, Hannun YA: Ceramide activates heterotrimeric protein phosphatase 2A. J Biol Chem 1993, 268:15523-15530.
48. Gulbins E, Bissonnette R, Mahboubi A, Martin S, Nishioka W, Brunner T, Baier G, Baier Bitterlich G, Byrd C, Lang F et al.: FAS-induced apoptosis is mediated via a ceramide-initiated RAS signaling pathway. Immunity 1995, 2:341-351.
49. Gulbins E, Coggeshall KM, Baier G, Telford D, Langlet C, Baier Bitterlich G, Bonnefoy Berard N, Burn P, Wittinghofer A, Altman A: Direct stimulation of Vav guanine nucleotide exchange activity for Ras by phorbol esters and diglycerides. Mol Cell Biol 1994, 14:4749-4758.
50. Yang Z, Costanzo M, Golde DW, Kolesnick RN: Tumor necrosis factor activation of the sphingomyelin pathway signals nuclear factor kappa B translocation in intact HL-60 cells. J Biol Chem 1993, 268:20520-20523.
51. Raines MA, Kolesnick RN, Golde DW: Sphingomyelinase and ceramide activate mitogen-activated protein kinase in myeloid HL-60 cells. J Biol Chem 1993, 268:14572-14575.
52. Liu J, Mathias S, Yang Z, Kolesnick RN: Renaturation and tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulation of a 97-kDa ceramide-activated protein kinase. J Biol Chem 1994, 269:3047-3052.
53. Troy CM, Shelanski ML: Down-regulation of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase causes apoptotic death in PC12 neuronal cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994, 91:6384-6387.
54. Deng HX, Hentati A, Tainer JA, Iqbal Z, Cayabyab A, Hung WY, Getzoff ED, Hu P, Herzfeldt B, Roos RP et al.: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and structural defects in Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase. Science 1993, 261:1047-1051.
55. Rosen DR: Mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene are associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nature 1993, 364:362.
56. Sandstrom PA, Mannie MD, Buttke TM: Inhibition of activation-induced death in T cell hybridomas by thiol antioxidants: oxidative stress as a mediator of apoptosis. J Leukoc Biol 1994, 55:221-226.
57. Greenspan HC, Aruoma OI: Oxidative stress and apoptosis in HIV infection: a role for plant-derived metabolites with synergistic antioxidant activity. Immunol Today 1994, 15:209-213.
58. Hollstein M, Sidransky D, Vogelstein B, Harris CC: p53 mutations in human cancers. Science 1991, 253:49-53.
59. Clarke AR, Purdie CA, Harrison DJ, Morris RG, Bird CC, Hooper ML, Wyllie AH: Thymocyte apoptosis induced by p53-dependent and independent pathways. Nature 1993, 362:849-852.
60. Lowe SW, Schmitt EM, Smith SW, Osborne BA, Jacks T: p53 is required for radiation-induced apoptosis in mouse thymocytes. Nature 1993, 362:847-849.
61. Donehower LA, Harvey M, Slagle BL, McArthur MJ, Montgomery CJ, Butel JS, Bradley A: Mice deficient for p53 are developmentally normal but susceptible to spontaneous tumours. Nature 1992, 356:215-221.
62. Lowe SW, Bodis S, McClatchey A, Remington L, Ruley HE, Fisher DE, Housman DE, Jacks T: p53 status and the efficacy of cancer therapy in vivo. Science 1994, 266:807-810.
63. Lowe SW, Ruley HE, Jacks T, Housman DE: p53-dependent apoptosis modulates the cytotoxicity of anticancer agents. Cell 1993, 74:957-967.
64. El Deiry WS, Harper JW, O'Connor PM, Velculescu VE, Canman CE, Jackman J, Pietenpol JA, Burrell M, Hill DE, Wang Y: WAF1/CIP1 is induced in p53-mediated G1 arrest and apoptosis. Cancer Res 1994, 54:1169-1174.
65. Harper J, Adami G, Wei N, Keyomarsi K, Elledge S: The p21 Cdk-interacting protein Cip1 is a potent inhibitor of G1 cyclin-dependent kinases. Cell 1993, 76:805-816.
66. Xiong Y, Hannon GJ, Zhang H, Casso D, Kobayashi R, Beach D: p21 is a universal inhibitor of cyclin kinases. Nature 1993, 366:701-704.
67. Hengartner M, Horvitz H: C elegans cell survival gene ced-9 encodes a functional homolog of the mammalian proto-oncogene bcl-2. Cell 1994, 76:665-676.
68. Vaux DL, Aguila HL, Weissman IL: Bcl-2 prevents death of factor-deprived cells but fails to prevent apoptosis in targets of cell mediated killing. Int Immunol 1992, 4:821-824.
69. Chittenden T, Harrington EA, O'Connor R, Flemington C, Lutz RJ, Evan GI, Guild BC: Induction of apoptosis by the Bcl-2 homologue Bak. Nature 1995, 374:733-736.
70. Yin X-M, Oltvai Z, Korsemeyer S: BH1 and BH2 domains of Bcl-2 are required for inhibition of apoptosis and heterodimerization with bax. Nature 1994, 369:321-323.
71. Chittenden T, Flemington C, Houghton A, Ebb R, Gallo G, Elangovan B, Chinnadurai G, Lutz R: A conserved domain in bak, distinct from bh1 and bh2, mediates cell-death and protein-binding functions. EMBO J 1995, 14:5589-5596.
72. Rao L, Debbas M, Sabbatini P, Hockenberry D, Korsmeyer S, White E: The adenovirus E1A proteins induce apoptosis, which is inhibited by the E1B 19-kDa and Bcl-2 proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992, 89:7742-7746.
73. Evan G, Wyllie A, Gilbert C, Littlewood T, Land H, Brooks M, Waters C, Penn L, Hancock D: Induction of apoptosis in fibroblasts by c-myc protein. Cell 1992, 63:119-125.
74. Askew D, Ashmun R, Simmons B, Cleveland J: Constitutive c-myc expression in IL-3-dependent myeloid cell line suppresses cycle arrest and accelerates apoptosis. Oncogene 1991, 6:1915-1922.
75. Jacks T, Fazeli A, Schmitt E, Bronson R, Goodell M, Weinberg R: Effects of an Rb mutation in the mouse. Nature 1992, 359:295-300.
76. Clarke A, Maandag E, Van Roon M, Van der Lugt N, Van der Valk M, Hooper M, Berns A, Te Riele H: Requirement for a functional Rb-1 gene in murine development Nature 1992, 359:328-330.
77. Yuan JY, Shaham S, Ledoux S, Ellis HM, Horvitz HR: The C. elegans cell-death gene ced-3 encodes a protein similar to mammalian interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme. Cell 1993, 75:641-652.
78. Miura M, Zhu H, Rotello R, Hartwieg EA, Yuan J: Induction of apoptosis in fibroblasts by IL-1 beta-converting enzyme, a mammalian homolog of the C. elegans cell death gene ced-3. Cell 1993, 75:653-660.
79. Thornberry NA, Bull HG, Calaycay JR, Chapman KT, Howard AD, Kostura MJ, Miller DK, Molineaux SM, Weidner JR, Aunins J et al.: A novel heterodimeric cysteine protease is required for interleukin-1 beta processing in monocytes. Nature 1992, 356:768-774.
80. Cerretti DP, Kozlosky CJ, Mosley B, Nelson N, Van NK, Greenstreet TA, March CJ, Kronheim SR, Druck T, Cannizzaro LA et al.: Molecular cloning of the interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme. Science 1992, 256:97-100.
81. Wang L, Miura M, Bergeron L, Zhu H, Yuan J: Ich-1, an Ice/ced-3-related gene, encodes both positive and negative regulators of programmed cell-death. Cell 1994, 78:739-750.
82. Kamens J, Paskind M, Hugunin M, Talanian RV, Allen H, Banach D, Bump N, Hackett M, Johnston CG, Li P et al.: Identification and characterization of ICH-2, a novel member of the interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme family of cysteine proteases. J Biol Chem 1995, 270:15250-15256.
83. Fernandas Alnemri T, Litwack G, Alnemri ES: Mch2, a new member of the apoptotic Ced-3/Ice cysteine protease gene family. Cancer Res 1995, 55:2737-2742.
84. Fernandes-Alnemri T, Litwack G, Alnemri ES: CPP32, a novel human apoptotic protein with homology to Caenorhabditis elegans cell death protein Ced-3 and mammalian interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme. J Biol Chem 1994, 269:30761-30764.
85. Faucheu C, Diu A, Chan AW, Blanchet AM, Miossec C, Herve F, Collard Dutilleul V, Gu Y, Aldape RA, Lippke JA et al.: A novel human protease similar to the interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme induces apoptosis in transfected cells. EMBO J 1995, 14:1914-1922.
86. Lazebnik Y, Kaufmann S, Desnoyers S, Poirier G, Earnshaw W: Cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase by a proteinase with properties like ICE. Nature 1994, 371:346-347. This is the first description of PARP cleavage by an ICE-like protease activity (prlCE) identified in apoptotic chicken cell extracts.
87. Tewari M, Quan L, O'Rourke K, Desnoyers S, Zeng Z, Beidler D, Poirer G, Salvesen G, Dixit V: Yama/CPP32β, a mammalian homolog of CED-3 is a CrmA-inhibitable protease that cleaves the death substrate poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerase. Cell 1995, 81:801-809.
88. Darmon AJ, Nicholson DW, Bleackley RC: Activation of the apoptotic protease CPP32 by cytotoxic T-cell-derived granzyme B. Nature 1995, 377:446-448.
89. Wilson KP, Black JA, Thomson JA, Kim EE, Griffith JP, Navia MA, Murcko MA, Chambers SP, Aldape RA, Raybuck SA et al.: Structure and mechanism of interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme. Nature 1994, 370:270-275.
90. 2 homodimer. Cell 1994, 78:343-352.
91. Gu Y, Wu J, Faucheu C, Lalanne JL, Diu A, Livingston DJ, Su MS: Interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme requires oligomerization for activity of processed forms in vivo. EMBO J 1995, 14:1923-1931.
92. Lazebnik Y, Cole S, Cooke C, Nelson W, Earnshaw W: Nuclear events of apoptosis in-vitro in cell-free mitotic extracts - a model system for analysis of the active phase of apoptosis. J Cell Biol 1993, 123:7-22.
93. ••], to show that CPP32 is necessary for the apoptotic changes seen in nuclei-added extracts from apoptotic cells.
94. Clem RJ, Fechheimer M, Miller LK: Prevention of apoptosis by a baculovirus gene during infection of insect cells. Science 1991, 254:1388-1390.
95. Enari M, Hug H, Nagata S: Involvement of an ICE-like protease in Fas-mediated apoptosis. Nature 1995, 375:78-81. ICE activity inhibited by YVAD or CrmA suppresses Fas-induced death.
96. Los M, Vandecraen M, Penning LC, Schenk H, Westendorp M, Baeuerle PA, Droge W, Krammer PH, Fiers W, Schulzeosthoff K: Requirement of an ICE/Ced-3 protease for Fas/Apo-1-mediated apoptosis. Nature 1995, 375:81-83. The requirement for ICE activation in Fas-induced apoptosis is shown here by the suppression of death by antisense ICE or by CrmA expression.
97. Kuida K, Lippke JA, Ku G, Harding MW, Livingston DJ, Su M-S, Flavell RA: Altered cytokine export and apoptosis in mice deficient in interleukin-1-beta converting-enzyme. Science 1995, 267:2000-2003.
98. Ray CA, Black RA, Kronheim SR, Greenstreet TA, Sleath PR, Salvesen GS, Pickup DJ: Viral inhibition of inflammation: cowpox virus encodes an inhibitor of the interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme. Cell 1992, 69:597-604.
99. Gagliardini V, Fernandez PA, Lee RK, Drexler HC, Rotello RJ, Fishman MC, Yuan J: Prevention of vertebrate neuronal death by the crmA gene. Science 1994, 263:826-828.
100. Xue D, Horvitz R: Inhibition of Caenorhabditis elegans cell-death protease CED-3 by a CED-3 cleavage site in baculovirus p35 protein. Nature 1995, 377:248-251.
101. Hay BA, Wolff T, Rubin GM: Expression of baculovirus p35 prevents cell death in Drosophila. Development 1994, 120:2121-2129.
102. Bump NJ, Hackett M, Hugunin M, Seshagiri S, Brady K, Chen P, Ferenz C, Franklin S, Ghayur T, Li P et al.: Inhibition of ICE family proteases by baculovirus antiapoptotic protein p35. Science 1995, 269:1885-1888.
103. Beidler DR, Tewari M, Friesen PD, Poirier G, Dixit VM: The baculovirus p35 protein inhibits Fas- and tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem 1995, 270:16526-16528.