The effects of long-term heparin therapy during pregnancy on bone density a prospective matched cohort study

Thrombosis and Haemostasis

Volumn 75, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 254-257

  Douketis, James D ^a   Ginsberg, Jeffrey S ^a,b   Burrows, Robert F ^a   Duku, Eric K ^a   Webber, Colin E ^a   Brill Edwards, Patrick ^a  

^a MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b MCMASTER UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTRE   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HEPARIN;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BONE ATROPHY; BONE DENSITY; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS; DRUG SAFETY; FEMALE; HEPARINIZATION; HUMAN; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; LUMBAR SPINE; NORMAL HUMAN; PHOTON ABSORPTIOMETRY; PREGNANCY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; SUBCUTANEOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; VERTEBRA FRACTURE;

ABSORPTIOMETRY, PHOTON; ADULT; ANTICOAGULANTS; BODY WEIGHT; BONE DENSITY; FEMALE; FRACTURES, SPONTANEOUS; HEPARIN; HUMANS; LUMBAR VERTEBRAE; OSTEOPOROSIS; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS, HEMATOLOGIC; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; PUERPERAL DISORDERS; THROMBOPHLEBITIS;

EID: 0029880831     PISSN: 03406245     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1650255     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Ginsberg JS, Hirsh J. Use of antithrombotic agents during pregnancy. Chest 1992; 102: 385s-90s.
2. Ginsberg JS, Hirsh J, Turner C, Burrows R, Levine MN. Risks to the fetus of anticoagulant therapy during pregnancy. Thromb Haemost 1989; 149: 2233-6.
3. Levine MN. Non-hemorrhagic complications of anticoagulant therapy. Semin Thromb Haemost 1986; 12: 63-6.
4. Griffith GC, Nichols G Jr, Asher JD, Flanagan B. Heparin osteoporosis. JAMA 1965; 193: 91-4.
5. Dahlman TC. Osteoporotic fractures and the recurrence of thromboembolism during pregnancy and the puerperium in 184 women undergoing thromboprophylaxis with heparin. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993; 168: 1265-70.
6. Hellgren M, Nygards E-B. Long-term therapy with subcutaneous heparin during pregnancy. Gynecol Obstet Invest 1982; 13: 76-89.
7. Dahlman T, Lindvall N, Hellgren M Osteopenia in pregnancy during long-term heparin treatment: A radiological study post partum. Br J Obstet Gynecol 1990; 97: 221-8.
8. Johnston CC Jr, Epstein S. Clinical, biochemical, radiographic, epidemiology, and economic features of osteoporosis. Ortho Clin North Am 1981; 12: 559-69.
9. Smith DM, Khairi MRA, Johnston CC Jr. The loss of bone mineral and its relationship to the risk of fracture. J Clin Invest 1975; 56: 311-8.
10. Hiu SL, Slemenda CS, Jonston CC Jr. Age and bone mass as predictors of fracture in a prospective study. J Clin Invest 1988; 81: 1804-9.
11. Cummings SR, Black DM, Nevitt MC, Browner W, Cauley J, Ensrud K, Genant HK, Palermo L, Scott JC , Vogt TM. Bone density at various sites for prediction of hip fractures. Lancet 1993; 341: 72-5.
12. Wasnich RD, Ross PD, Heillbrun LK, Vogel JM. Selection of the optimal site for fracture site prediction. Clin Orthop 1987; 81: 262-8.
13. Briney WG. Is measurement of bone density useful? Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1993; 19: 95-106.
14. Heuck AF, Block J, Glueer C-C, Steiger P, Genant HK. Mild versus definite osteoporosis: Comparison of bone densitometry techniques using different statistical models. J Bone Min Res 1989; 4: 891-900.
15. Barbour LA, Kick SD, Steiner JF, LoVerde ME, Heddleston LN, Lear JL, Baron AE, Barton PL. A prospective study of heparin-induced osteoporosis in pregnancy using bone densitometry Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994; 170: 862-9.
16. Dahlman TC, Sjoberg HE, Ringertz H. Bone mineral density during long-term prophylaxis with heparin in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994; 170: 1315-20.
17. Jaffe MD, Willis PW III. Multiple fractures associated with long-term sodium heparin therapy JAMA 1965; 193: 158-60.
18. Silber M, Olund A. Successful outcome of pregnancy complicated by giant myoma and severe heparin-induced osteopenia. Gynecol Obstet Invest 1989; 28: 51-2.
19. Squires JW, Pinch LW. Heparin-induced spinal fractures. JAMA 1979; 241: 2417-8.
20. Sackler JP, Liu L. Heparin-induced osteoporosis. Br J Radiol 1973; 46: 548-50.
21. Griffiths HT, Liu DTY. Severe heparin osteoporosis in pregnancy. Postgrad Med J 1984; 60: 424-5.
22. Wise PH, Hall AJ Heparin-induced osteoporosis in pregnancy. Br Med J 1980; 2: 110-1.
23. De Swiet M, Ward PD, Fidler I, Horsman A, Katz D, Letsky E, Peacock M, Wise PH. Prolonged heparin therapy in pregnancy causes bone demineralization. Br J Obstet Gynecol 1983; 90: 1129-34.
24. Ginsberg JS, Kowalchuk G, Hirsh J, Brill-Edwards P, Burrows R, Coates G, Webber C. Heparin effect on bone density. Thromb Haemost 1990; 64: 286-9.
25. Melton LJ III, Eddy DM, Johnston CC Jr. Screening for osteoporosis. Ann Intern Med 1990; 112: 516-28.
26. Pocock N, Eisman J, Gwinn T, Sambrook P, Kelly P, Freund J, Yeates M. Muscle strength, physical fitness, and weight but not age predict femoral neck bone mass. J Bone Min Res 1989; 4: 441-6.
27. Pocock NA, Eisman JA, Yeates MG, Sambrook PN, Eberl S. Physical fitness is a major determinant of femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density. J Clin Invest 1986; 78: 618-21.
28. Stevenson JC, Lees B, Devenport M, Cust MP, Ganger KF. Determinants of bone density in normal women: risk factors for future osteoporosis? Br Med J 1989; 298: 924-8.
29. Hopper JL, Seeman E. The bone density of female twins discordant for tobacco use. N Engl J Med 1994, 330: 387-92.
30. Webber CE. Some factors which influence the evaluation of a dual photon measurement of lumbar spine bone mineral mass. J Can Radiol Assoc 1989; 40: 87-91.
31. Matzsch T, Bergqvist D, Hedner U, Nilsson B, Ostergaard P. Heparin-induced osteoporosis in rats. Thromb Haemost 1986; 56: 293-4.
32. Monreal M, Vinas L, Monreal L, Lavin S, Lafoz E, Angles AM. Heparin-related osteoporosis in rats. A comparative study between unfractionated heparin and a low molecular weight heparin. Haemostasia 1990; 20: 204-7.
33. Matzsch T, Bergqvist D, Hedner U, Nilsson B, Ostergaard P. Effects of low molecular weight heparin and unfractionated heparin on induction of osteoporosis in rats. Thromb Haemost 1990; 65: 505-9.
34. Riggs BL, Wahner HW, Dunn WL, Mazess RB, Offord KP, Melton LJ III. Differential changes in bone density of the appendicular and axial skeleton with ageing: relationship to spinal osteoporosis. J Clin Invest 1981; 67: 328-35.
35. Melton LJ, Wahner HW, Richelson LS, O'Fallon WM, Riggs BL. Osteoporosis and the risks of hip fracture. Am J Epidemiol 1986, 124: 254-61.
36. Gardner SB, Winter PD, Gardner MJ. Confidence Interval Analysis, British Medical Journal; copyright 1991, version 1.1.
37. Christiansen C, Riis BJ. Five years with continuous combined estrogen progesterone therapy. Br J Obstet Gynecol 1990; 97: 1087-92.
38. Riggs BL, Melton LJ III. Involutional osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 1986; 314: 1676-86.
39. Chan GM, Slater P, Roberts CC, Thomas MR, Folland D, Jackson R. Bone mineral status of lactating mothers of different ages. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1982; 144: 438-41.
40. Hayslip CC, Klein TA, Wray HL, Duncan WE. The effect of lactation on bone mineral content in healthy postpartum women. Obstet Gynecol 1989; 73: 588-92.
41. Anonymous. Extended lactation and loss of bone. Nutr Rev 1994; 52: 25-8.
42. Sowers M, Corton G, Shapiro B, Jannausch ML, Crutchfield M, Smith ML, Randolph JF, Hollis B. Changes in bone density with lactation. JAMA 1993, 269: 3130-5.
43. Omri A, Delaloye JF, Bachmann F Low molecular weight heparin novo (LHN-1) does not cross the placenta during the second trimester of pregnancy. Thromb Haemost 1989; 61: 55-6
44. Monreal M, Olive A, Lafoz E, del Rrio L. Heparins, coumarin, and bone density. Lancet 1991; 338: 706.
45. Melissari E, Murray WJG, Das S, Wilson NV, Philip M, Kakkar VV. Does low molecular weight heparin have a role in the development of osteoporosis? Thromb Haemost 1993; 69: 646.