Overview of randomized clinical trials of oral branched-chain amino acid treatment in chronic hepatic encephalopathy

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition

Volumn 20, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 159-164

  Fabbri, Andrea ^a   Magrini, Nicola ^a   Bianchi, Giampaolo ^a   Zoli, Marco ^a   Marchesini, Giulio ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; BRANCHED CHAIN AMINO ACID; CARBOHYDRATE; CASEIN; DISACCHARIDE; LACTULOSE; LIPID;

CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; DATA BASE; HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; HUMAN; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MEDICAL ASSESSMENT; MEDICAL INFORMATION; META ANALYSIS; MULTICENTER STUDY; NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROPHYLAXIS; PSYCHOMETRY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; REVIEW; SUPPLEMENTATION; SURVIVAL; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0029876627     PISSN: 01486071     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0148607196020002159     Document Type: Review

References (44)

1. Sherlock S: Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System. 9th ed. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, 1993
2. Munro HN, Fernstrom JD, Wurtman RJ: Insulin, plasma amino acid imbalance, and hepatic coma. Lancet 1:722-724, 1975
3. Fischer JE: Branched-chain amino acid solutions in patients with liver failure: an early example of nutritional pharmacology. JPEN 14 (Suppl.):249-256, 1990
4. Eriksson LS, Conn HO: Branched-chain amino acids in the management of hepatic encephalopathy. An analysis of variants. Hepatology 10:228-246, 1989
5. Morgan MY: Branched-chain amino acids in the management of chronic liver disease. Facts or fantasies. J Hepatol 11:133-141, 1990
6. Nompleggi DJ, Bonkovsky HL: Nutritional supplementation in chronic liver disease: an analytical review. Hepatology 19:018-533, 1994
7. Naylor CD, O'Rourke K, Detsky AS, et al: Parenteral nutrition with branched-chain amino acids in Hepatic encephalopathy. A meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 97:1033-1042, 1989
8. Eriksson LS, Conn HO: Branched-chain amino acids in hepatic encephalopathy [letter]. Gastroenterology 99:604-605, 1990
9. Ferenci P: Branched-chain amino acids in hepatic encephalopathy [letter]. Gastroenterolog 98:1395-1396, 1990
10. O'Rourke K, Detsky A, Baker JP, et al: Branched-chain amino acids in hepatic encephalopathy [letter, reply]. Gastroenterology 99:605-607, 1990
11. Fischer JE: Portal-systemic encephalopathy. IN Wright's Liver and Biliary Disease, 3rd ed, Millward-Sadler GH, Wright R, Arthur MJP (eds). WB Saunders, London, 1992, pp 1262-1295
12. Marchesini G, Fabbri A, Bianchi GP, et al: Intérêt de l'administration par voie orale d'acides aminés àchaîne ramifiée chez le cirrhotique encéphalopathe chronique. Nutr Clin Métabol 5:207-214, 1991
13. Marchesini G, Fabbri A, Bianchi GP, et al: Branched-chain amino acids in liver disease. IN Amino Acid Metabolism in Health and Nutritional Disease, Cynober L (ed). CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1995, pp 337-347
14. Chalmers I, Haines B: Reporting, updating, and correcting systematic reviews of the effects of health care. Br Med J 309:862-865, 1994
15. Capocaccia L, Fischer JE, Rossi-Fanelli F: Assessment and evaluation of hepatic encephalopathy. IN Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Failure, Capocaccia L, Fischer JE, Rossi-Fanelli F (eds). Plenum Press, New York, 1984, pp 239-244
16. Conn HO, Leevy CM, Vlahcevic ZR, et al: Comparison of lactulose and neomycin in the treatment of chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy. A double blind controlled trial. Gastroenterology 72:573-583, 1977
17. Eriksson LS, Persson A, Wahren J: Branched-chain amino acids in the treatment of chronic hepatic encephalopathy. Gut 23:801-806, 1982
18. Sieg A, Walker S, Czygan P, et al: Branched-chain amino acid-enriched elemental diet in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Z Gastroenterol 21:644-650, 1983
19. Simko V: Long-term tolerance of a special amino acid oral formula in patients with advanced liver disease. Nutr Rep Int 27:765-773, 1983
20. McGhee A, Henderson M, Millikan WJ Jr, et al: Comparison of the effects of hepatic-aid and a casein modular diet on encephalopathy, plasma amino acids, and nitrogen balance in cirrhotic patients. Ann Surg 197:288-293, 1983
21. Horst D, Grace ND, Conn HO, et al: Comparison of dietary protein with an oral, branched chain-enriched amino acid supplement in chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy. Hepatology 4:279-287, 1984
22. Guarnieri GF, Toigo R, Situlin R, et al: Muscle biopsy study on malnutrition in patients with liver cirrhosis. IN Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Failure, Capocaccia L, Fischer JE, Rossi-Fanelli F (eds). Plenum Press, New York, 1984, pp 193-208
23. Christie ML, Sack DM, Pomposelli J, et al: Enriched branched-chain amino acid formula vs a casein-based supplement in the treatment of cirrhosis. JPEN 9:671-678, 1985
24. Fiaccadori F, Elia GF, Lehndorff H, et al: The effect of dietary supplementation with branched-chain amino acids vs casein in patients with chronic recurrent portal systemic encephalopathy: a controlled trial. IN Advances in Ammonia Metabolism and Hepatic Encephalopathy, Soeters PB, Wilson JHP, Meijer AJ, et al (eds). Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, 1988, pp 489-497
25. Marchesini G, Dioguardi FS, Bianchi GP, et al: Long-term oral branched-chain amino acid treatment in chronic hepatic encephalopathy. A randomized, double-blind, casein-controlled study. J Hepatol 11:92-101, 1991
26. Riggio O, Cangiano C, Cascino A, et al: Long term dietary supplement with branched-chain amino acids: a new approach in the prevention of hepatic encephalopathy: results of a controlled study in cirrhosis with porto-caval anastomosis. IN Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Failure, Capocaccia L, Fischer JE, Rossi-Fanelli F (eds). Plenum, New York, 1984, pp 183-193
27. Chin SE, Shepherd RW, Thomas BJ, et al: Nutritional support in children with end-stage liver disease: a randomized cross-over trial of a branched-chain amino acid supplement. Am J Clin Nutr 56:158-163, 1992
28. Chalmers TC, Smith H Jr: A method for assessing the quality of a randomized control trial. Controlled Clin Trials 2:31-49, 1981
29. Lam W, Sze PC, Sacks HS, et al: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of nicotine chewing-gum. Lancet 2:27-30, 1987
30. Mahon WA, Daniel EE: A method for the assessment of reports of drug trials. Can Med Assoc J 90:565-569, 1964
31. Pocock SJ, Hughes MD, Lee RJ: Statistical problems in the reporting of clinical trials. N Engl J Med 317:426-432, 1987
32. Naylor DC, Williams LI, Guyatt G: Structured abstracts proposals for clinical and epidemiological studies. J Clin Epidemiol 8:731-737, 1991
33. The Standards of Reporting Trials Group: A proposal of structured reporting of randomized controlled trials. JAMA 272:1926-1931, 1994
34. DerSimonian R: Parenteral nutrition with branched-chain amino acids in hepatic encephalopathy: meta-analysis [letter]. Hepatology 11:1083-1084, 1990
35. Eysenck HJ: Meta-analysis and its problems. Br Med J 309:789-792, 1994
36. Freiman JA, Chalmers TC, Smith H Jr, et al: The importance of β, the type II error, and sample size in the design and interpretation of the randomized controlled trial. Survey of 71 negative trials. N Engl J Med 299:690-693, 1978
37. Mohrer D, Dulberg CS, Wells GA: Statistical power, sample size, and their reporting in randomized controlled trials. JAMA 272:122-124, 1994
38. Alexander WF, Spindel E, Harty RF, et al: The usefulness of branched chain amino acids in patients with acute or chronic hepatic encephalopathy. Am J Gastroenterol 84:91-96, 1989
39. Yoshida T, Muto Y, Moriwaki H, et al: Effect of long-term oral supplementation with branched-chain amino acid granules on the prognosis of liver cirrhosis. Gastroenterol Jpn 24:692-698, 1989
40. Marchesini G, Bianchi GP, Zoli M: Oral BCAA in the treatment of chronic hepatic encephalopathy [letter]. J Hepatol 12:267, 1991
41. Conn HO: Quantifying the severity of hepatic encephalopathy. IN Hepatic Encephalopathy: Syndromes and Therapy, Conn HO, Bircher J (eds). MEDI-ED Press, Bloomington, IL, 1994, pp 13-26
42. Hirsch S, Bunout D, de la Maza P, et al: Controlled trial on nutrition supplementation in outpatients with symptomatic alcoholic cirrhosis. JPEN 17:119-124, 1993
43. Smith J, Horowitz J, Henderson JM, et al: Enterai hyperalimentation in undernuorished patients with cirrhosis and ascites. Am J Clin Nutr 35:56-72, 1982
44. Eriksson LS: Branched-chain amino acids in the treatment of patients with hepatic encephalopathy. IN Branched-Chain Amino Acids: Biochemistry, Physiopathology and Clinical Science, Schauder P, et al (eds). Raven Press, New York, 1992, pp 127-135