메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 333-362

Superantigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AUTOANTIBODY; CYCLOSPORIN A; INSULIN; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 2; SUPERANTIGEN; T LYMPHOCYTE RECEPTOR;

EID: 0029874342     PISSN: 03444325     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF01795133     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (16)

References (196)
  • 1
    • 0003403213 scopus 로고
    • The first external domain of the non-obese diabetic mouse class II, 1-A beta chain is unique
    • Acha-Orbea H, McDevitt HO (1987) The first external domain of the non-obese diabetic mouse class II, 1-A beta chain is unique. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84: 2435
    • (1987) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.84 , pp. 2435
    • Acha-Orbea, H.1    McDevitt, H.O.2
  • 2
    • 0025830868 scopus 로고
    • Mls - A retrovirus exploits the immune system
    • Acha-Orbea H, Palmer E (1991) Mls - a retrovirus exploits the immune system. Immunol Today 12: 356
    • (1991) Immunol Today , vol.12 , pp. 356
    • Acha-Orbea, H.1    Palmer, E.2
  • 5
    • 0027172969 scopus 로고
    • Immunosuppressive therapy of autoimmune diseases
    • Bach JF (1993) Immunosuppressive therapy of autoimmune diseases. Immunol Today 14: 322
    • (1993) Immunol Today , vol.14 , pp. 322
    • Bach, J.F.1
  • 7
    • 0021819833 scopus 로고
    • Coxackie B-, mumps-, rubella-and cytomegalovirus-specific IgM responses in patients with juvenile onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Britain, Austria and Australia
    • Banatvala JE, Bryan J, Schernthaner G, Borkenstein M, Schober E, Brown D, De Silva LM, Menser MA, Silink M (1985) Coxackie B-, mumps-, rubella-and cytomegalovirus-specific IgM responses in patients with juvenile onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Britain, Austria and Australia. Lancet I: 1409
    • (1985) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1409
    • Banatvala, J.E.1    Bryan, J.2    Schernthaner, G.3    Borkenstein, M.4    Schober, E.5    Brown, D.6    De Silva, L.M.7    Menser, M.A.8    Silink, M.9
  • 10
    • 0028047441 scopus 로고
    • Islet-specific T-cell clones from the NOD mouse respond to beta-granule antigen
    • Bergman B, Haskins K (1994) Islet-specific T-cell clones from the NOD mouse respond to beta-granule antigen. Diabetes 43: 197
    • (1994) Diabetes , vol.43 , pp. 197
    • Bergman, B.1    Haskins, K.2
  • 11
    • 0000299781 scopus 로고
    • Some possible effects of nursing on the mammary gland tumor incidence in mice
    • Bittner JJ (1936) Some possible effects of nursing on the mammary gland tumor incidence in mice. Science 84: 162
    • (1936) Science , vol.84 , pp. 162
    • Bittner, J.J.1
  • 12
    • 0025368646 scopus 로고
    • The role of T cell receptor in positive and negative selection of developing T cells
    • Blackman M, Kappler J, Marrack P (1990) The role of T cell receptor in positive and negative selection of developing T cells. Science 248: 1335
    • (1990) Science , vol.248 , pp. 1335
    • Blackman, M.1    Kappler, J.2    Marrack, P.3
  • 13
    • 43949157849 scopus 로고
    • The syntax of immune-neuroendocrine communication
    • Blalock JE (1994) The syntax of immune-neuroendocrine communication. Immunol Today 15: 504
    • (1994) Immunol Today , vol.15 , pp. 504
    • Blalock, J.E.1
  • 15
    • 0016261369 scopus 로고
    • Islet-cell antibodies in diabetes mellitus with autoimmune polyendocrine deficiencies
    • Bottazzo GF, Florin-Christensen, Doniach D (1974) Islet-cell antibodies in diabetes mellitus with autoimmune polyendocrine deficiencies. Lancet II: 1279
    • (1974) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1279
    • Bottazzo, G.F.1    Florin-Christensen2    Doniach, D.3
  • 17
    • 0026784889 scopus 로고
    • Clostridium perfrigens enterotoxin is a superantigen reactive with human T cell receptor Vβ6.9 and Vβ22
    • Bowness P, Moss PAH, Tranter H, Bell JI, McMichael AJ (1992) Clostridium perfrigens enterotoxin is a superantigen reactive with human T cell receptor Vβ6.9 and Vβ22. J Exp Med 176: 893
    • (1992) J Exp Med , vol.176 , pp. 893
    • Bowness, P.1    Moss, P.A.H.2    Tranter, H.3    Bell, J.I.4    McMichael, A.J.5
  • 19
    • 0018725720 scopus 로고
    • Induction of retrovirus particles in human testicular tumor (Tera-1) cell cultures: An electron microscopic study
    • Bronson DL, Fraley EE, Fogh J, Kalter SS (1979) Induction of retrovirus particles in human testicular tumor (Tera-1) cell cultures: an electron microscopic study. J Natl Cancer Inst 63: 337
    • (1979) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.63 , pp. 337
    • Bronson, D.L.1    Fraley, E.E.2    Fogh, J.3    Kalter, S.S.4
  • 21
    • 0023936156 scopus 로고
    • A hypothetical model of the foreign antigen binding site of class II histocompatibility molecules
    • Brown J, Jardetzky T, Saper M, Samraoui B, Bjorkman P, Wiley D (1988) A hypothetical model of the foreign antigen binding site of class II histocompatibility molecules. Nature 332: 845
    • (1988) Nature , vol.332 , pp. 845
    • Brown, J.1    Jardetzky, T.2    Saper, M.3    Samraoui, B.4    Bjorkman, P.5    Wiley, D.6
  • 22
    • 0026476540 scopus 로고
    • Cyclosporin A protects pancreatic islet cells from nitric oxide dependent macrophage cytotoxicity
    • Burkart V, Imai Y, Kallman B, Kolb H (1992) Cyclosporin A protects pancreatic islet cells from nitric oxide dependent macrophage cytotoxicity. Fed Eur Biochem Soc 313: 56
    • (1992) Fed Eur Biochem Soc , vol.313 , pp. 56
    • Burkart, V.1    Imai, Y.2    Kallman, B.3    Kolb, H.4
  • 23
    • 0025841845 scopus 로고
    • Identification and cloning of a granule autoantigen (carboxypeptidase H) associated with type I diabetes
    • Castano L, Russo E, Zhou L, Lipes MA, Eisenbarth GS (1991) Identification and cloning of a granule autoantigen (carboxypeptidase H) associated with type I diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 73: 1197
    • (1991) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.73 , pp. 1197
    • Castano, L.1    Russo, E.2    Zhou, L.3    Lipes, M.A.4    Eisenbarth, G.S.5
  • 24
    • 0026733449 scopus 로고
    • Predominant naturally processed peptides bound to HLA-DR1 are derived from MHC-related molecules and are heterogeneous in size
    • Chicz RM, Urban RG, Lane WS, Gorga JC, Stern LJ, Vignali DAA, Strominger JL (1992) Predominant naturally processed peptides bound to HLA-DR1 are derived from MHC-related molecules and are heterogeneous in size. Nature 358: 764
    • (1992) Nature , vol.358 , pp. 764
    • Chicz, R.M.1    Urban, R.G.2    Lane, W.S.3    Gorga, J.C.4    Stern, L.J.5    Vignali, D.A.A.6    Strominger, J.L.7
  • 26
    • 0025865438 scopus 로고
    • A superantigen encoded in the open reading frame of the 3′ long terminal repeat of the mouse mammary tumor virus
    • Choi Y, Kappler JW, Marrack P (1991) A superantigen encoded in the open reading frame of the 3′ long terminal repeat of the mouse mammary tumor virus. Nature 350: 203
    • (1991) Nature , vol.350 , pp. 203
    • Choi, Y.1    Kappler, J.W.2    Marrack, P.3
  • 27
    • 0029069447 scopus 로고
    • Prevention and treatment of the complications of diabetes mellitus
    • Clark CM, Lee DA (1995) Prevention and treatment of the complications of diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 332: 1210
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.332 , pp. 1210
    • Clark, C.M.1    Lee, D.A.2
  • 28
    • 0001002170 scopus 로고
    • Retroviridae and their replication
    • Fields BN, Knipe DM (eds) Raven Press, New York
    • Coffin JM (1991) Retroviridae and their replication. In: Fields BN, Knipe DM (eds) Fundamental virology, 2nd edn. Raven Press, New York, pp 645-708
    • (1991) Fundamental Virology, 2nd Edn. , pp. 645-708
    • Coffin, J.M.1
  • 29
    • 0025707286 scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of mouse lymphocytes by a mitogen derived from Mycoplasma arthritidis (MAM). VIII. Selective activation of T cells expressing distinct BβT cell receptors from various strains of mice by the "superantigen" MAM
    • Cole BC, Kartchner DR, Wells DJ (1990) Stimulation of mouse lymphocytes by a mitogen derived from Mycoplasma arthritidis (MAM). VIII. Selective activation of T cells expressing distinct BβT cell receptors from various strains of mice by the "superantigen" MAM. J Immunol 144: 425
    • (1990) J Immunol , vol.144 , pp. 425
    • Cole, B.C.1    Kartchner, D.R.2    Wells, D.J.3
  • 30
    • 0026602751 scopus 로고
    • Allelic variants of human putative peptide transporter involved in antigen processing
    • Colonna M, Bresnahan M, Bahram S, Strominger JL (1992) Allelic variants of human putative peptide transporter involved in antigen processing. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 3932
    • (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.89 , pp. 3932
    • Colonna, M.1    Bresnahan, M.2    Bahram, S.3    Strominger, J.L.4
  • 32
    • 0028641482 scopus 로고
    • Superantigens as etiopathogenetic factors in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Conrad B, Trucco M (1994) Superantigens as etiopathogenetic factors in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Rev 10: 309
    • (1994) Diabetes Metab Rev , vol.10 , pp. 309
    • Conrad, B.1    Trucco, M.2
  • 34
    • 0014426983 scopus 로고
    • Diabetes mellitus: Induction in mice by encephalomyocarditis virus
    • Craighead JE, McLane MF (1968) Diabetes mellitus: induction in mice by encephalomyocarditis virus. Science 162: 913
    • (1968) Science , vol.162 , pp. 913
    • Craighead, J.E.1    McLane, M.F.2
  • 35
    • 0028949805 scopus 로고
    • Maternal enteroviral infection during pregnancy as a risk factor for childood IDDM
    • Dahlquist GG, Ivarsson S, Lindberg B, Forsgren M (1995) Maternal enteroviral infection during pregnancy as a risk factor for childood IDDM. Diabetes 44: 408
    • (1995) Diabetes , vol.44 , pp. 408
    • Dahlquist, G.G.1    Ivarsson, S.2    Lindberg, B.3    Forsgren, M.4
  • 36
    • 0028020382 scopus 로고
    • Control of thymus physiology by peptidic hormones and neuropeptides
    • Dardenne M, Savino W (1994) Control of thymus physiology by peptidic hormones and neuropeptides. Immunol Today 15: 518
    • (1994) Immunol Today , vol.15 , pp. 518
    • Dardenne, M.1    Savino, W.2
  • 38
    • 0027266755 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a stochastic mechanism in the differentiation of mature subsets of T lymphocytes
    • Davis CB, Killeen N, Casey ME, Raulet D, Littman DR (1993) Evidence for a stochastic mechanism in the differentiation of mature subsets of T lymphocytes. Cell 73: 237
    • (1993) Cell , vol.73 , pp. 237
    • Davis, C.B.1    Killeen, N.2    Casey, M.E.3    Raulet, D.4    Littman, D.R.5
  • 40
    • 0028830664 scopus 로고
    • Association of LMP2 and LMP7 genes within the major histocompatibility complex with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus:population and family studies
    • Deng GY, Muir A, Maclaren NK, She JX (1995) Association of LMP2 and LMP7 genes within the major histocompatibility complex with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus:population and family studies. Am J Human Genet 56: 528
    • (1995) Am J Human Genet , vol.56 , pp. 528
    • Deng, G.Y.1    Muir, A.2    Maclaren, N.K.3    She, J.X.4
  • 42
    • 0022617990 scopus 로고
    • Type 1 diabetes mellitus. A chronic autoimmune disease
    • Eisenbarth GS (1986) Type 1 diabetes mellitus. A chronic autoimmune disease. N Engl J Med 314: 1360
    • (1986) N Engl J Med , vol.314 , pp. 1360
    • Eisenbarth, G.S.1
  • 43
    • 0028357204 scopus 로고
    • Mouse or man. Is GAD the cause of type I diabetes?
    • Eisenbarth GS (1994) Mouse or man. Is GAD the cause of type I diabetes? Diabetes Care 17: 605
    • (1994) Diabetes Care , vol.17 , pp. 605
    • Eisenbarth, G.S.1
  • 45
    • 0015698003 scopus 로고
    • Immunogenic and biological aspects of in vitro allotransformation (MLR) in the mouse
    • Festenstein H (1973) Immunogenic and biological aspects of in vitro allotransformation (MLR) in the mouse. Transplant Rev 15: 62
    • (1973) Transplant Rev , vol.15 , pp. 62
    • Festenstein, H.1
  • 46
    • 0025938496 scopus 로고
    • Influence of castration, alone or combined with thymectomy, on development of diabetes in the nonobese diabetic mouse
    • Fitzpatrick F, Lepault F, Homo-delarche F, Bach JF, Dardenne M (1991) Influence of castration, alone or combined with thymectomy, on development of diabetes in the nonobese diabetic mouse. Endocrinology 129: 1382
    • (1991) Endocrinology , vol.129 , pp. 1382
    • Fitzpatrick, F.1    Lepault, F.2    Homo-delarche, F.3    Bach, J.F.4    Dardenne, M.5
  • 47
    • 0024566240 scopus 로고
    • Molecular and cellular events of T cell development
    • Fowlkes BJ, Pardoll DM (1989) Molecular and cellular events of T cell development. Adv Immunol 44: 207
    • (1989) Adv Immunol , vol.44 , pp. 207
    • Fowlkes, B.J.1    Pardoll, D.M.2
  • 48
    • 0026536483 scopus 로고
    • Androgen treatment prevents diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice
    • Fox HS (1992) Androgen treatment prevents diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice. J Exp Med 175: 1409
    • (1992) J Exp Med , vol.175 , pp. 1409
    • Fox, H.S.1
  • 51
    • 0027089881 scopus 로고
    • Beta cell expression of endogenous xenotropic relrovirus distinguishes diabetes-susceptible NOD/Lt from resistant NON/Lt mice
    • Gaskins HR, Prochazka M, Hamaguchi K, Serreze DV, Leiter EH (1992) Beta cell expression of endogenous xenotropic relrovirus distinguishes diabetes-susceptible NOD/Lt from resistant NON/Lt mice. J Clin Invest 90: 2220
    • (1992) J Clin Invest , vol.90 , pp. 2220
    • Gaskins, H.R.1    Prochazka, M.2    Hamaguchi, K.3    Serreze, D.V.4    Leiter, E.H.5
  • 53
    • 0028673912 scopus 로고
    • Prediction and prevention of type I diabetes
    • Gianani R, Eisenbarth GS (1994) Prediction and prevention of type I diabetes. J Endocrinol Invest 17: 533
    • (1994) J Endocrinol Invest , vol.17 , pp. 533
    • Gianani, R.1    Eisenbarth, G.S.2
  • 56
    • 0024474389 scopus 로고
    • Antibodies against ganglioside GT3 in the sera of patients with type I diabetes mellitus
    • Gillard BK, Thomas JW, Nell LJ, Marcus DM (1989) Antibodies against ganglioside GT3 in the sera of patients with type I diabetes mellitus. J Immunol Methods 142: 3826
    • (1989) J Immunol Methods , vol.142 , pp. 3826
    • Gillard, B.K.1    Thomas, J.W.2    Nell, L.J.3    Marcus, D.M.4
  • 57
    • 0021247996 scopus 로고
    • Congenital rubella syndrome as a model for type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: Increased prevalence of islet cell surface antibodies
    • Ginsberg-Fellner F, Witt ME, Yagihashi S, Dobersen MJ, Taub F, Fedun B, McEvoy RC (1984) Congenital rubella syndrome as a model for type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: increased prevalence of islet cell surface antibodies. Diabetologia 27 [Suppl]: 87
    • (1984) Diabetologia , vol.27 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 87
    • Ginsberg-Fellner, F.1    Witt, M.E.2    Yagihashi, S.3    Dobersen, M.J.4    Taub, F.5    Fedun, B.6    McEvoy, R.C.7
  • 58
    • 0025718622 scopus 로고
    • Glutamic acid decarbohylase expression in islet and brain
    • Giorda R, Peakman M, Tan KC, Vergani D, Trucco M (1991) Glutamic acid decarbohylase expression in islet and brain. Lancet 338: 1469
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.338 , pp. 1469
    • Giorda, R.1    Peakman, M.2    Tan, K.C.3    Vergani, D.4    Trucco, M.5
  • 59
    • 0026764311 scopus 로고
    • Proteolysis, proteasomes and antigen presentation
    • Goldberg AL, Rock KL (1992) Proteolysis, proteasomes and antigen presentation. Nature 357: 375
    • (1992) Nature , vol.357 , pp. 375
    • Goldberg, A.L.1    Rock, K.L.2
  • 60
    • 0026751972 scopus 로고
    • Transgenic mouse mammary tumor virus superantigen expression prevents viral infection
    • Golovkina TV, Chervonsky A, Dudley JP, Ross SR (1992) Transgenic mouse mammary tumor virus superantigen expression prevents viral infection. Cell 69: 637
    • (1992) Cell , vol.69 , pp. 637
    • Golovkina, T.V.1    Chervonsky, A.2    Dudley, J.P.3    Ross, S.R.4
  • 62
    • 0023500817 scopus 로고
    • The shared epitope hypothesis: An approach to understanding the molecular genetics of rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility
    • Gregersen PK, Silver J, Winchester RJ (1987) The shared epitope hypothesis: an approach to understanding the molecular genetics of rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility. Arthritis Rheum 30: 1205
    • (1987) Arthritis Rheum , vol.30 , pp. 1205
    • Gregersen, P.K.1    Silver, J.2    Winchester, R.J.3
  • 63
    • 0026724538 scopus 로고
    • Susceptibility to type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in Spanish patients correlates quantitatively with expression of HLA- DQaArg52 andHLA DQβnon-Asp alleles
    • Gutierrez-Lopez MD, Bertera S, Chantres MT, Vavassori C, Dorman JS, Trucco M, Serrano-Rios M (1992) Susceptibility to type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in Spanish patients correlates quantitatively with expression of HLA- DQaArg52 andHLA DQβnon-Asp alleles. Diabetologia 35: 583
    • (1992) Diabetologia , vol.35 , pp. 583
    • Gutierrez-Lopez, M.D.1    Bertera, S.2    Chantres, M.T.3    Vavassori, C.4    Dorman, J.S.5    Trucco, M.6    Serrano-Rios, M.7
  • 65
    • 0021716386 scopus 로고
    • Promotion of spontaneous diabetes in non-obese diabetes prone mice by cyclophosphamide
    • Harada M, Makino S (1984) Promotion of spontaneous diabetes in non-obese diabetes prone mice by cyclophosphamide. Diabetologia 27: 604
    • (1984) Diabetologia , vol.27 , pp. 604
    • Harada, M.1    Makino, S.2
  • 67
    • 0023635641 scopus 로고
    • Helper-inducer T lymphocytes mediate diabetes in EMC-infected BALB/c ByJ mice
    • Haynes MK, Huber SA, Craighead JE (1987) Helper-inducer T lymphocytes mediate diabetes in EMC-infected BALB/c ByJ mice. Diabetes 36: 877
    • (1987) Diabetes , vol.36 , pp. 877
    • Haynes, M.K.1    Huber, S.A.2    Craighead, J.E.3
  • 70
    • 0027200699 scopus 로고
    • Superantigen-induced immune stimulation amplifies mouse mammary tumor virus infection and allows virus transmission
    • Held W, Waanders G, Shakhov AN, Scarpellino L, Acha-Orbea H, MacDonald HR (1993) Superantigen-induced immune stimulation amplifies mouse mammary tumor virus infection and allows virus transmission. Cell 74: 529
    • (1993) Cell , vol.74 , pp. 529
    • Held, W.1    Waanders, G.2    Shakhov, A.N.3    Scarpellino, L.4    Acha-Orbea, H.5    MacDonald, H.R.6
  • 71
    • 0028256159 scopus 로고
    • Superantigens and retroviral infection: Insights from mammary tumor virus
    • Held W, Acha-Orbea H, MacDonald HR, Waanders A (1994) Superantigens and retroviral infection: insights from mammary tumor virus. Immunol Today 15: 184
    • (1994) Immunol Today , vol.15 , pp. 184
    • Held, W.1    Acha-Orbea, H.2    MacDonald, H.R.3    Waanders, A.4
  • 72
    • 0025090852 scopus 로고
    • HLA-DR alleles differ in their ability to present staphylocaccal enterotoxins to T cells
    • Herman A, Croteau G, Sekaly R, Kappler J, Marrack J (1990) HLA-DR alleles differ in their ability to present staphylocaccal enterotoxins to T cells. J Exp Med 172: 709
    • (1990) J Exp Med , vol.172 , pp. 709
    • Herman, A.1    Croteau, G.2    Sekaly, R.3    Kappler, J.4    Marrack, J.5
  • 73
    • 0025843494 scopus 로고
    • A virus-encoded "superantigen" in a retrovirus-induced immunodeficiency syndrome of mice
    • Hugin AW, Vacchio MS, Morse HC III (1991) A virus-encoded "superantigen" in a retrovirus-induced immunodeficiency syndrome of mice. Science 252: 424
    • (1991) Science , vol.252 , pp. 424
    • Hugin, A.W.1    Vacchio, M.S.2    Morse III, H.C.3
  • 75
    • 0027430854 scopus 로고
    • TAP1 alleles in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: A newly defined centromeric boundary of disease susceptibility
    • Jackson DG, Donald Capra J (1993) TAP1 alleles in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a newly defined centromeric boundary of disease susceptibility. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90: 11079
    • (1993) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.90 , pp. 11079
    • Jackson, D.G.1    Donald Capra, J.2
  • 76
    • 0019327043 scopus 로고
    • Pancreatic islet cell damage in children with fatal viral infection
    • Jenson AB, Rosenberg HS, Notkins AL (1980) Pancreatic islet cell damage in children with fatal viral infection. Lancet II: 354
    • (1980) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 354
    • Jenson, A.B.1    Rosenberg, H.S.2    Notkins, A.L.3
  • 77
    • 0027275629 scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune disease in humans, e.g. autoimmune rheumatic diseases
    • Kalden JR, Herrmann M (1993) Autoimmune disease in humans, e.g. autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Intervirology 35: 176
    • (1993) Intervirology , vol.35 , pp. 176
    • Kalden, J.R.1    Herrmann, M.2
  • 79
    • 0023663437 scopus 로고
    • A T cell receptor Vβ segment that imparts reactivity to a class II major histocompatibility complex product
    • Kappler JW, Wade T, White J, Kushnir E, Blackman M, Bill J, Roehm N, Marrack P (1987) A T cell receptor Vβ segment that imparts reactivity to a class II major histocompatibility complex product. Cell 49: 263
    • (1987) Cell , vol.49 , pp. 263
    • Kappler, J.W.1    Wade, T.2    White, J.3    Kushnir, E.4    Blackman, M.5    Bill, J.6    Roehm, N.7    Marrack, P.8
  • 80
    • 0023837985 scopus 로고
    • Self-tolerance eliminates T cells specific for Mls modifies products of the major histocompatibility complex
    • Kappler JW, Staerz U, White J, Marrack PC (1988) Self-tolerance eliminates T cells specific for Mls modifies products of the major histocompatibility complex. Nature 332: 35
    • (1988) Nature , vol.332 , pp. 35
    • Kappler, J.W.1    Staerz, U.2    White, J.3    Marrack, P.C.4
  • 82
    • 0027969308 scopus 로고
    • Retroviral infection of neonatal Peyer's patche lymphocytes: The mouse mammary tumor virus model
    • Karapetian O, Shakhov AN, Kraehenbuhl JP, Acha-Orbea H (1994) Retroviral infection of neonatal Peyer's patche lymphocytes: the mouse mammary tumor virus model. J Exp Med 180: 1511
    • (1994) J Exp Med , vol.180 , pp. 1511
    • Karapetian, O.1    Shakhov, A.N.2    Kraehenbuhl, J.P.3    Acha-Orbea, H.4
  • 83
    • 0027316131 scopus 로고
    • Monoclonal antibody to rubella virus capsid protein recognizes a β-cell antigen
    • Karounos DG, Wolinsky JS, Thomas JW (1993) Monoclonal antibody to rubella virus capsid protein recognizes a β-cell antigen. J Immunol 150: 3080
    • (1993) J Immunol , vol.150 , pp. 3080
    • Karounos, D.G.1    Wolinsky, J.S.2    Thomas, J.W.3
  • 84
    • 0027378612 scopus 로고
    • Following a diabetogenic T cell from genesis through pathogenesis
    • Katz JD, Wang B, Haskins K, Benoist C, Mathis D (1993) Following a diabetogenic T cell from genesis through pathogenesis. Cell 74: 1089
    • (1993) Cell , vol.74 , pp. 1089
    • Katz, J.D.1    Wang, B.2    Haskins, K.3    Benoist, C.4    Mathis, D.5
  • 85
    • 0029030964 scopus 로고
    • T Helper cell subsets in insulin-dependent diabetes
    • Katz JD, Bernoist C, Mathis D (1995) T Helper cell subsets in insulin-dependent diabetes. Science 268: 1185
    • (1995) Science , vol.268 , pp. 1185
    • Katz, J.D.1    Bernoist, C.2    Mathis, D.3
  • 90
    • 0025848870 scopus 로고
    • Transactivation of genes encoding activation-associated human T lymphocyte surface proteins by murine retroviral sequences
    • Koka P, Van de Mark K, Faller DV (1991) Transactivation of genes encoding activation-associated human T lymphocyte surface proteins by murine retroviral sequences. J Immunol 146: 2417
    • (1991) J Immunol , vol.146 , pp. 2417
    • Koka, P.1    Van De Mark, K.2    Faller, D.V.3
  • 91
    • 0023912169 scopus 로고
    • Association of human immunodeficiency virus infection and autoimmune phenomena
    • Kopelman RG, Zolla-Pazner S (1988) Association of human immunodeficiency virus infection and autoimmune phenomena. Am J Med 84: 82
    • (1988) Am J Med , vol.84 , pp. 82
    • Kopelman, R.G.1    Zolla-Pazner, S.2
  • 95
    • 0026704808 scopus 로고
    • Endogenous retroviruses: Potential etiologic agents in autoimmunity
    • Krieg AM, Gourley MF, Perl A (1992) Endogenous retroviruses: potential etiologic agents in autoimmunity. FASEB J 6: 2537
    • (1992) FASEB J , vol.6 , pp. 2537
    • Krieg, A.M.1    Gourley, M.F.2    Perl, A.3
  • 96
    • 0028949152 scopus 로고
    • B7-1 and B7-2 costimulatory molecules activate differentially the Th1/Th2 developmental patways: Application to autoimmune disease therapy
    • Kuchroo VK, Das MP, Brown JA, Ranger AM, Zamvil SS, Nabavi N, Glimcher LH (1995) B7-1 and B7-2 costimulatory molecules activate differentially the Th1/Th2 developmental patways: application to autoimmune disease therapy. Cell 80: 707
    • (1995) Cell , vol.80 , pp. 707
    • Kuchroo, V.K.1    Das, M.P.2    Brown, J.A.3    Ranger, A.M.4    Zamvil, S.S.5    Nabavi, N.6    Glimcher, L.H.7
  • 97
    • 0026329183 scopus 로고
    • Selective depletion in HIV infection of T cells that bear specific T cell receptor Vβ sequences
    • Imberti L, Sottini A, Bettinardi A, Puoti M, Primi D (1992) Selective depletion in HIV infection of T cells that bear specific T cell receptor Vβ sequences. Science 254: 860
    • (1992) Science , vol.254 , pp. 860
    • Imberti, L.1    Sottini, A.2    Bettinardi, A.3    Puoti, M.4    Primi, D.5
  • 99
    • 0027959068 scopus 로고
    • Neonatal deletion and selective expansion of mouse T cells by exposure to rabies virus nucleocapsid superantigen
    • Lafon M, Scott-Algara D, Marche PN, Cazenave PA, Jouvin-Marche E (1994) Neonatal deletion and selective expansion of mouse T cells by exposure to rabies virus nucleocapsid superantigen. J Exp Med 180: 1207
    • (1994) J Exp Med , vol.180 , pp. 1207
    • Lafon, M.1    Scott-Algara, D.2    Marche, P.N.3    Cazenave, P.A.4    Jouvin-Marche, E.5
  • 101
    • 0028932630 scopus 로고
    • Pancreatic islet β- cells drive T cell-immune responses in the nonobese diabetic mouse model
    • Larger E, Becourt C, Bach JF, Boitard C (1995) Pancreatic islet β- cells drive T cell-immune responses in the nonobese diabetic mouse model. J Exp Med 181: 1635
    • (1995) J Exp Med , vol.181 , pp. 1635
    • Larger, E.1    Becourt, C.2    Bach, J.F.3    Boitard, C.4
  • 102
    • 0024211490 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for initial involvement of macrophages in development of insulitis in NOD mouse
    • Lee K-U, Amano K, Yoon J-W (1988) Evidence for initial involvement of macrophages in development of insulitis in NOD mouse. Diabetes 37: 989
    • (1988) Diabetes , vol.37 , pp. 989
    • Lee, K.-U.1    Amano, K.2    Yoon, J.-W.3
  • 105
    • 0026674886 scopus 로고
    • Differential display of eukaryotic messenger RNA by means of the polymerase chain reaction
    • Liang P, Pardee AB (1992) Differential display of eukaryotic messenger RNA by means of the polymerase chain reaction. Nature 257: 967
    • (1992) Nature , vol.257 , pp. 967
    • Liang, P.1    Pardee, A.B.2
  • 106
    • 0028890866 scopus 로고
    • + T cells in the pathogenesis of organ-specific autoimmune diseases
    • + T cells in the pathogenesis of organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Immunol Today 16: 34
    • (1995) Immunol Today , vol.16 , pp. 34
    • Liblau, R.1    Singer, S.M.2    McDevitt, H.3
  • 107
    • 0017179001 scopus 로고
    • Streptozotocin-induced pancreatic insulitis: New model of diabetes mellitus
    • Like AA, Rossini AA (1976) Streptozotocin-induced pancreatic insulitis: new model of diabetes mellitus. Science 193: 415
    • (1976) Science , vol.193 , pp. 415
    • Like, A.A.1    Rossini, A.A.2
  • 108
    • 0027200763 scopus 로고
    • Susceptibility to insulin dependent diabetes mellitus maps to a 4.1 kb segment of DNA spanning the insulin gene and associated VNTR
    • Lucassen AM, Julier C, Beressi JP, Boitard C, Froguel P, Lathrop M, Bell JI (1993) Susceptibility to insulin dependent diabetes mellitus maps to a 4.1 kb segment of DNA spanning the insulin gene and associated VNTR. Nature Genet 4: 305
    • (1993) Nature Genet , vol.4 , pp. 305
    • Lucassen, A.M.1    Julier, C.2    Beressi, J.P.3    Boitard, C.4    Froguel, P.5    Lathrop, M.6    Bell, J.I.7
  • 109
    • 0029075924 scopus 로고
    • Genetic background and environment synergistically contribute to the onset of autoimmune diseases
    • Luppi P, Rossiello MR, Faas S, Trucco M (1995) Genetic background and environment synergistically contribute to the onset of autoimmune diseases. J Mol Med 73:381
    • (1995) J Mol Med , vol.73 , pp. 381
    • Luppi, P.1    Rossiello, M.R.2    Faas, S.3    Trucco, M.4
  • 111
    • 0024477133 scopus 로고
    • T cell reactivity and tolerance to Mlsa-encoded antigens
    • MacDonald HR, Glasebrook AL, Schneider R, et al (1989) T cell reactivity and tolerance to Mlsa-encoded antigens. Immunol Rev 107: 89
    • (1989) Immunol Rev , vol.107 , pp. 89
    • MacDonald, H.R.1    Glasebrook, A.L.2    Schneider, R.3
  • 112
    • 0020382491 scopus 로고
    • Alloxan toxicity to the pancreatic β-cell. A new hypothesis
    • Malaisse WJ (1982) Alloxan toxicity to the pancreatic β-cell. A new hypothesis. Biochem Pharmacol 31: 3527
    • (1982) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.31 , pp. 3527
    • Malaisse, W.J.1
  • 113
    • 0023601773 scopus 로고
    • Human tumor necrosis factor potentiates human interleukin 1-mediated rat pancreatic β-cell cytotoxicity
    • Mandrup-Paulsen T, Bendtzen K, Dinarello CA, Nerup J (1987) Human tumor necrosis factor potentiates human interleukin 1-mediated rat pancreatic β-cell cytotoxicity. J Immunol 12: 4077
    • (1987) J Immunol , vol.12 , pp. 4077
    • Mandrup-Paulsen, T.1    Bendtzen, K.2    Dinarello, C.A.3    Nerup, J.4
  • 114
    • 37049178741 scopus 로고
    • The staphylococcal enterotoxins and their relatives
    • Marrack P, Kappler J (1990) The staphylococcal enterotoxins and their relatives. Science 248: 705
    • (1990) Science , vol.248 , pp. 705
    • Marrack, P.1    Kappler, J.2
  • 115
    • 0026029670 scopus 로고
    • A maternally inherited superantigen encoded by a mammary tumor virus
    • Marrack P, Kushnir E, Kappler J (1991) A maternally inherited superantigen encoded by a mammary tumor virus. Nature 349: 524
    • (1991) Nature , vol.349 , pp. 524
    • Marrack, P.1    Kushnir, E.2    Kappler, J.3
  • 116
    • 0016734437 scopus 로고
    • Diabetes: Epidemiology suggests a viral connection
    • Maugh TH (1975) Diabetes: epidemiology suggests a viral connection. Science 188: 347
    • (1975) Science , vol.188 , pp. 347
    • Maugh, T.H.1
  • 117
    • 0026705099 scopus 로고
    • Expression of human endogenous retroviral sequences in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy individuals
    • Medstrand P (1992) Expression of human endogenous retroviral sequences in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy individuals. J Gen Virol 73: 2463
    • (1992) J Gen Virol , vol.73 , pp. 2463
    • Medstrand, P.1
  • 118
    • 0027440474 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of novel reverse transcriptase encoding human endogenous retroviral sequences similar to type A and type B retroviruses: Differential transcription in normal human tissues
    • Medstrand P, Blomberg J (1993) Characterization of novel reverse transcriptase encoding human endogenous retroviral sequences similar to type A and type B retroviruses: differential transcription in normal human tissues. J Virol 67: 6778
    • (1993) J Virol , vol.67 , pp. 6778
    • Medstrand, P.1    Blomberg, J.2
  • 120
    • 0023905731 scopus 로고
    • Both of the Lyt-2 and L3T4 T cell subsets are required for the transfer of diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice
    • Miller BJ, Appel MC, O'Neil JJ, Wicker LS (1988) Both of the Lyt-2 and L3T4 T cell subsets are required for the transfer of diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice. J Immunol 140: 52
    • (1988) J Immunol , vol.140 , pp. 52
    • Miller, B.J.1    Appel, M.C.2    O'Neil, J.J.3    Wicker, L.S.4
  • 121
    • 0020321425 scopus 로고
    • Identification of a fourth class of proteins linked to the murine major histocompatibility complex
    • Monaco JJ, McDevitt HO (1982) Identification of a fourth class of proteins linked to the murine major histocompatibility complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79: 3001
    • (1982) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.79 , pp. 3001
    • Monaco, J.J.1    McDevitt, H.O.2
  • 122
    • 0001657878 scopus 로고
    • Aspartic acid at position 57 of the HLA-DQ beta chain protects against type I diabetes: A family study
    • Morel PA, Dorman JS, Todd JA, McDevitt HO (1988) Aspartic acid at position 57 of the HLA-DQ beta chain protects against type I diabetes: a family study. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85: 8111
    • (1988) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.85 , pp. 8111
    • Morel, P.A.1    Dorman, J.S.2    Todd, J.A.3    McDevitt, H.O.4
  • 124
    • 0027253061 scopus 로고
    • Long-term complications of diabetes mellitus
    • Nathan DM (1993) Long-term complications of diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 328: 1678
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.328 , pp. 1678
    • Nathan, D.M.1
  • 127
    • 0028151819 scopus 로고
    • Negative selection of lymphocytes
    • Nossal GIV (1994) Negative selection of lymphocytes. Cell 76: 229
    • (1994) Cell , vol.76 , pp. 229
    • Nossal, G.I.V.1
  • 128
    • 0002791124 scopus 로고
    • Virus-induced diabetes mellitus
    • Notkins AL, Oldstone MB (eds) Springer, New York Berlin Heidelberg
    • Notkins AL, Yoon JW (1984) Virus-induced diabetes mellitus. In: Notkins AL, Oldstone MB (eds) Concepts in viral pathogenesis. Springer, New York Berlin Heidelberg, pp 241-247
    • (1984) Concepts in Viral Pathogenesis , pp. 241-247
    • Notkins, A.L.1    Yoon, J.W.2
  • 129
    • 0027938156 scopus 로고
    • Bcl-2 and Bcl-x: Regulatory switches for lymphoid death and survival
    • Nunez G, Merino R, Grillot D, Gonzalez-Garcia M (1994) Bcl-2 and Bcl-x: regulatory switches for lymphoid death and survival. Immunol Today 15: 582
    • (1994) Immunol Today , vol.15 , pp. 582
    • Nunez, G.1    Merino, R.2    Grillot, D.3    Gonzalez-Garcia, M.4
  • 130
    • 0023651203 scopus 로고
    • Molecular mimicry and autoimmune disease
    • Oldstone MBA (1987) Molecular mimicry and autoimmune disease. Cell 50: 819
    • (1987) Cell , vol.50 , pp. 819
    • Oldstone, M.B.A.1
  • 131
    • 0023010394 scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide sequence of human endogenous retrovirus genome related to the mouse mammary tumor virus genome
    • Ono M, Yasunaga T, Miyata T, Ushikubo H (1986) Nucleotide sequence of human endogenous retrovirus genome related to the mouse mammary tumor virus genome. J Virol 60:589
    • (1986) J Virol , vol.60 , pp. 589
    • Ono, M.1    Yasunaga, T.2    Miyata, T.3    Ushikubo, H.4
  • 132
    • 0023182371 scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of expression of the human endogenous retrovirus genome by female steroid hormones in human breast cancer cell line T47D
    • Ono M, Kawakami M, Ushikubo H (1987) Stimulation of expression of the human endogenous retrovirus genome by female steroid hormones in human breast cancer cell line T47D. J Virol 61: 2059
    • (1987) J Virol , vol.61 , pp. 2059
    • Ono, M.1    Kawakami, M.2    Ushikubo, H.3
  • 133
    • 0023950172 scopus 로고
    • Association of cytomegalovirus infection with autoimmune type I diabetes
    • Pak CY, Eun HM, McArthur RG, Yoon JW (1988) Association of cytomegalovirus infection with autoimmune type I diabetes. Lancet II: 1
    • (1988) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1
    • Pak, C.Y.1    Eun, H.M.2    McArthur, R.G.3    Yoon, J.W.4
  • 134
    • 9044238554 scopus 로고
    • Reduced coxsackie antibody titers against viral antigens in type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients during an outbreak of coxsackie B4 virus
    • Palmer JP, Cooney MK, Ward RH (1982) Reduced coxsackie antibody titers against viral antigens in type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients during an outbreak of coxsackie B4 virus. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand 94: 83
    • (1982) Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand , vol.94 , pp. 83
    • Palmer, J.P.1    Cooney, M.K.2    Ward, R.H.3
  • 136
    • 0028949955 scopus 로고
    • Cytokines as mediators of autoimmune diabetes and diabetic complications
    • Pankewycz OG, Guan J-X, Benedict JF (1995) Cytokines as mediators of autoimmune diabetes and diabetic complications. Endocr Rev 16: 164
    • (1995) Endocr Rev , vol.16 , pp. 164
    • Pankewycz, O.G.1    Guan, J.-X.2    Benedict, J.F.3
  • 137
    • 0019876023 scopus 로고
    • Congenital rubella, insulitis, and diabetes mellitus in an infant
    • Patterson K, Chandra RS, Jenson AB (1981) Congenital rubella, insulitis, and diabetes mellitus in an infant. Lancet I: 1048
    • (1981) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1048
    • Patterson, K.1    Chandra, R.S.2    Jenson, A.B.3
  • 139
    • 0020560644 scopus 로고
    • Tumorigenesis by mouse mammary tumor virus: Evidence for a common region for provirus integration in mammary tumors
    • Peters G, Brookes S, Smith R, Dickson C (1983) Tumorigenesis by mouse mammary tumor virus: evidence for a common region for provirus integration in mammary tumors. Cell 33: 369
    • (1983) Cell , vol.33 , pp. 369
    • Peters, G.1    Brookes, S.2    Smith, R.3    Dickson, C.4
  • 140
    • 0004988798 scopus 로고
    • Molecular targets of the autoimmunity of type I diabetes
    • Draznin B, LeRoith D (eds) Humana Press, Totowa
    • Pietropaolo M, Eisenbarth GS (1994) Molecular targets of the autoimmunity of type I diabetes. In: Draznin B, LeRoith D (eds) Molecular biology of diabetes. Part I. Humana Press, Totowa, pp 1-33
    • (1994) Molecular Biology of Diabetes , Issue.1 PART , pp. 1-33
    • Pietropaolo, M.1    Eisenbarth, G.S.2
  • 142
    • 0027199227 scopus 로고
    • T-cell antigen receptor V beta subsets are not preferentially deleted in AIDS
    • Posnett DN, Kabak S, Hodtsev AS, Goldberg EA, Asch A (1993) T-cell antigen receptor V beta subsets are not preferentially deleted in AIDS. AIDS 7: 625
    • (1993) AIDS , vol.7 , pp. 625
    • Posnett, D.N.1    Kabak, S.2    Hodtsev, A.S.3    Goldberg, E.A.4    Asch, A.5
  • 143
    • 0017927875 scopus 로고
    • Infection of human pancreatic beta cell cultures with mumps virus
    • Prince G, Jenson AB, Billups L, Notkins AL (1978) Infection of human pancreatic beta cell cultures with mumps virus. Nature 27: 158
    • (1978) Nature , vol.27 , pp. 158
    • Prince, G.1    Jenson, A.B.2    Billups, L.3    Notkins, A.L.4
  • 147
    • 0028989154 scopus 로고
    • Proliferation is a prerequisite for bacterial superantigen-induced T cell apoptosis in vivo
    • Renno T, Hahne M, MacDonald HR (1995) Proliferation is a prerequisite for bacterial superantigen-induced T cell apoptosis in vivo. J Exp Med 181: 2283
    • (1995) J Exp Med , vol.181 , pp. 2283
    • Renno, T.1    Hahne, M.2    MacDonald, H.R.3
  • 148
    • 0027950659 scopus 로고
    • Pararetroviruses and retroviruses: A comparative review of viral structure and gene expression strategies
    • Rothnie HM, Chapdelaine Y, Hohn T (1994) Pararetroviruses and retroviruses: a comparative review of viral structure and gene expression strategies. Adv Virus Res 44: 1
    • (1994) Adv Virus Res , vol.44 , pp. 1
    • Rothnie, H.M.1    Chapdelaine, Y.2    Hohn, T.3
  • 149
    • 0028011845 scopus 로고
    • Origin, structure and motifs of naturally processed MHC class II ligands
    • Rotschke O, Falk K (1994) Origin, structure and motifs of naturally processed MHC class II ligands. Curr Opin Immunol 6: 45
    • (1994) Curr Opin Immunol , vol.6 , pp. 45
    • Rotschke, O.1    Falk, K.2
  • 152
    • 0025007337 scopus 로고
    • Perinatal infection of human T-lymphotropic virus type I, the etiologic virus of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
    • Saji F, Ohashi K, Tokugawa Y, Kamiura S, Azuma C, Tanizawa O (1990) Perinatal infection of human T-lymphotropic virus type I, the etiologic virus of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Cancer 66: 1933
    • (1990) Cancer , vol.66 , pp. 1933
    • Saji, F.1    Ohashi, K.2    Tokugawa, Y.3    Kamiura, S.4    Azuma, C.5    Tanizawa, O.6
  • 153
    • 0025108875 scopus 로고
    • Loss of pancreatic islet tolerance induced by β-cell expression of interferon-γ
    • Sarvetnic N, Shizuru J, Liggitt D, Martin L, McIntyre B (1990) Loss of pancreatic islet tolerance induced by β-cell expression of interferon-γ. Nature 346: 844
    • (1990) Nature , vol.346 , pp. 844
    • Sarvetnic, N.1    Shizuru, J.2    Liggitt, D.3    Martin, L.4    McIntyre, B.5
  • 154
    • 0027394682 scopus 로고
    • Role of superantigens in human disease
    • Schlievert PM (1993) Role of superantigens in human disease. J Infect Dis 167: 997
    • (1993) J Infect Dis , vol.167 , pp. 997
    • Schlievert, P.M.1
  • 155
    • 0026575932 scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of action of cyclosporin A and FK 506
    • Schreiber SL, Crabtree GR (1992) The mechanism of action of cyclosporin A and FK 506. Immunol Today 13: 136
    • (1992) Immunol Today , vol.13 , pp. 136
    • Schreiber, S.L.1    Crabtree, G.R.2
  • 156
    • 0022557029 scopus 로고
    • HLA-DQ polymorphism associated with resistance to type 1 diabetes detected with monoclonal antibodies, isoelectric point differences, and restriction fragment length polymorphism
    • Schreuder G, Tilanus M, Bontrop R, Bruning J, Giphart M, Van Rood J, DeVries R (1986) HLA-DQ polymorphism associated with resistance to type 1 diabetes detected with monoclonal antibodies, isoelectric point differences, and restriction fragment length polymorphism. J Exp Med 164: 938
    • (1986) J Exp Med , vol.164 , pp. 938
    • Schreuder, G.1    Tilanus, M.2    Bontrop, R.3    Bruning, J.4    Giphart, M.5    Van Rood, J.6    DeVries, R.7
  • 158
    • 0025269265 scopus 로고
    • Breast-feeding and the potential for human immunodeficiency virus transmission
    • Seltzer V, Benjamin F (1990) Breast-feeding and the potential for human immunodeficiency virus transmission. Obstet Gynecol 75: 713
    • (1990) Obstet Gynecol , vol.75 , pp. 713
    • Seltzer, V.1    Benjamin, F.2
  • 159
    • 0024504171 scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of intensive insulin therapy in newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Shah SC, Malone JI, Simpson NE (1989) A randomized trial of intensive insulin therapy in newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 320: 550
    • (1989) N Engl J Med , vol.320 , pp. 550
    • Shah, S.C.1    Malone, J.I.2    Simpson, N.E.3
  • 160
    • 0028337567 scopus 로고
    • The emerging role of transforming growth factor-β in kidney disease
    • Sharma K, Ziyadeh FN (1994) The emerging role of transforming growth factor-β in kidney disease. Am J Physiol 35: F829
    • (1994) Am J Physiol , vol.35
    • Sharma, K.1    Ziyadeh, F.N.2
  • 161
    • 0026716532 scopus 로고
    • Expression of antigen reactive with a monoclonal antibody to HTLV-1 P19 in salivary glands in Sjögren's syndrome
    • Shattles WG, Brookes SM, Venables PJW, Clark DA, Maini RN (1992) Expression of antigen reactive with a monoclonal antibody to HTLV-1 P19 in salivary glands in Sjögren's syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol 89: 46
    • (1992) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.89 , pp. 46
    • Shattles, W.G.1    Brookes, S.M.2    Venables, P.J.W.3    Clark, D.A.4    Maini, R.N.5
  • 163
    • 0023933925 scopus 로고
    • Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in a patient with stiff-man syndrome, epilepsy, and type I diabetes mellitus
    • Solimena M, Folli F, Denis-Donini S, Comi GC, Pozza G, DeCamilli P, Vicari AM (1988) Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in a patient with stiff-man syndrome, epilepsy, and type I diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 318: 1012
    • (1988) N Engl J Med , vol.318 , pp. 1012
    • Solimena, M.1    Folli, F.2    Denis-Donini, S.3    Comi, G.C.4    Pozza, G.5    DeCamilli, P.6    Vicari, A.M.7
  • 164
    • 0011870419 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of human T-cell receptoires by PCR
    • Mullis KB, Ferré F, Gibbs RA (eds) Birkhauser, Boston
    • Spinella DG, Robertson JM (1994) Analysis of human T-cell receptoires by PCR. In: Mullis KB, Ferré F, Gibbs RA (eds) The polymerase chain reaction. Birkhauser, Boston, pp 110-120
    • (1994) The Polymerase Chain Reaction , pp. 110-120
    • Spinella, D.G.1    Robertson, J.M.2
  • 165
    • 0002340481 scopus 로고
    • Endogenous viruses
    • Weiss R, Teich N, Varmus H, Coffin J (eds) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor
    • Stoye J, Coffin J (1985) Endogenous viruses. In: Weiss R, Teich N, Varmus H, Coffin J (eds) RNA Tumor viruses, vol 2, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, pp 357-404
    • (1985) RNA Tumor Viruses, Vol 2, 2nd Edn. , vol.2 , pp. 357-404
    • Stoye, J.1    Coffin, J.2
  • 166
    • 0026584819 scopus 로고
    • Yersinia enterocolitica produces superantigenic activity
    • Stuart MP, Woodward JG (1992) Yersinia enterocolitica produces superantigenic activity. J Immunol 148: 225
    • (1992) J Immunol , vol.148 , pp. 225
    • Stuart, M.P.1    Woodward, J.G.2
  • 167
    • 0027320137 scopus 로고
    • Presentation of the Mls-1 superantigen by human HLA class II molecules to murine T cells
    • Subramanyam M, McLellan B, Labrecque N, Sekaly RP, Hubert BT (1993) Presentation of the Mls-1 superantigen by human HLA class II molecules to murine T cells. J Immunol 151: 2538
    • (1993) J Immunol , vol.151 , pp. 2538
    • Subramanyam, M.1    McLellan, B.2    Labrecque, N.3    Sekaly, R.P.4    Hubert, B.T.5
  • 169
    • 0028965026 scopus 로고
    • Expression of endogenous retroviruses, ERV-3 and 4-1, in synovial tissues from patients with rheumatoid arthritis
    • Takeuchi K, Katsumata K, Ikeda H, Minami M, Wakisaka A, Yohiki T (1995) Expression of endogenous retroviruses, ERV-3 and 4-1, in synovial tissues from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol 99: 338
    • (1995) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.99 , pp. 338
    • Takeuchi, K.1    Katsumata, K.2    Ikeda, H.3    Minami, M.4    Wakisaka, A.5    Yohiki, T.6
  • 170
    • 0026518211 scopus 로고
    • Are endogenous retroviruses involved in human autoimmune disease?
    • Talal N, Flescher E, Dang H (1992) Are endogenous retroviruses involved in human autoimmune disease? J Autoimm 5[Suppl A]: 61
    • (1992) J Autoimm , vol.5 , Issue.SUPPL. A , pp. 61
    • Talal, N.1    Flescher, E.2    Dang, H.3
  • 171
    • 0000653286 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of retrovirus-induced disease
    • Weiss T, Teich N, Varmus H, Coffin J (eds) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor
    • Teich N, Wyke J, Mak T, Bernstein A, Hardy W (1982) Pathogenesis of retrovirus-induced disease. In: Weiss T, Teich N, Varmus H, Coffin J (eds) RNA tumor viruses. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, pp 785-998
    • (1982) RNA Tumor Viruses , pp. 785-998
    • Teich, N.1    Wyke, J.2    Mak, T.3    Bernstein, A.4    Hardy, W.5
  • 172
    • 0028869486 scopus 로고
    • The basis of autoimmunity. Part I. Mechanisms of aberrant self-recognition
    • Theofilopoulous AN (1995) The basis of autoimmunity. Part I. Mechanisms of aberrant self-recognition. Immunol Today 16: 90
    • (1995) Immunol Today , vol.16 , pp. 90
    • Theofilopoulous, A.N.1
  • 173
    • 0021707829 scopus 로고
    • HLA-DR antigens and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Thompson G (1984) HLA-DR antigens and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Am J Hum Genet 36: 1309
    • (1984) Am J Hum Genet , vol.36 , pp. 1309
    • Thompson, G.1
  • 174
    • 0027908753 scopus 로고
    • Immune response to glutamic acid decarboxylase correlates with insulitis in non-obese diabetic mice
    • Tisch R, Yang X-D, Singer SM, Liblau RS, Fugger L, McDevitt HO (1993) Immune response to glutamic acid decarboxylase correlates with insulitis in non-obese diabetic mice. Nature 366: 72
    • (1993) Nature , vol.366 , pp. 72
    • Tisch, R.1    Yang, X.-D.2    Singer, S.M.3    Liblau, R.S.4    Fugger, L.5    McDevitt, H.O.6
  • 175
    • 0023252262 scopus 로고
    • HLA-DQβ gene contributes to susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Todd JA, Bell JI, McDevitt HO (1987) HLA-DQβ gene contributes to susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Nature 329: 599
    • (1987) Nature , vol.329 , pp. 599
    • Todd, J.A.1    Bell, J.I.2    McDevitt, H.O.3
  • 176
    • 0025688348 scopus 로고
    • Sequences encoded in the class Il region of the MHC related to the (ABC) superfamily of transporters
    • Trowsdale J, Hanson I, Mockridge I, Beck S, Townsend A, Kelly A (1990) Sequences encoded in the class Il region of the MHC related to the (ABC) superfamily of transporters. Nature 348: 741
    • (1990) Nature , vol.348 , pp. 741
    • Trowsdale, J.1    Hanson, I.2    Mockridge, I.3    Beck, S.4    Townsend, A.5    Kelly, A.6
  • 177
    • 0026557701 scopus 로고
    • To be, or not to be Asp 57, that is the question
    • Trucco M (1992) To be, or not to be Asp 57, that is the question. Diabetes Care 15: 705
    • (1992) Diabetes Care , vol.15 , pp. 705
    • Trucco, M.1
  • 178
    • 0028905334 scopus 로고
    • Exposure to superantigens as an immunogenetic explanation of type I diabetes mini-epidemics
    • Trucco M, La Porte R (1995) Exposure to superantigens as an immunogenetic explanation of type I diabetes mini-epidemics. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 8: 3
    • (1995) J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab , vol.8 , pp. 3
    • Trucco, M.1    La Porte, R.2
  • 182
    • 0027457378 scopus 로고
    • Peripheral T cell activation and deletion induced by transfer of lymphocyte subsets expressing endogenous or exogenous mouse mammary tumor virus
    • Waanders GA, Shakhov AN, Held W, Karapetian O, Acha-Orbea H, MacDonald HR (1993) Peripheral T cell activation and deletion induced by transfer of lymphocyte subsets expressing endogenous or exogenous mouse mammary tumor virus. J Exp Med 177: 1359
    • (1993) J Exp Med , vol.177 , pp. 1359
    • Waanders, G.A.1    Shakhov, A.N.2    Held, W.3    Karapetian, O.4    Acha-Orbea, H.5    MacDonald, H.R.6
  • 183
    • 0025734420 scopus 로고
    • Increased incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus following an epidemic of coxackievirus B5
    • Wagenknecht LE, Roseman JM, Herman WH (1991) Increased incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus following an epidemic of coxackievirus B5. Am J Epidemiol 133: 1024
    • (1991) Am J Epidemiol , vol.133 , pp. 1024
    • Wagenknecht, L.E.1    Roseman, J.M.2    Herman, W.H.3
  • 184
    • 0018780417 scopus 로고
    • Congenital cytomegalovirus infection and diabetes
    • Ward KP, Galloway WH, Auchterlonie IA (1979) Congenital cytomegalovirus infection and diabetes. Lancet I: 497
    • (1979) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 497
    • Ward, K.P.1    Galloway, W.H.2    Auchterlonie, I.A.3
  • 185
    • 0024577093 scopus 로고
    • The Vβ-specific superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B: Stimulation of mature T cells and clonal deletion in neonatal mice
    • White J, Herman A, Pullen AM, Kubo R, Kappler JW, Marrack P (1989) The Vβ-specific superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B: stimulation of mature T cells and clonal deletion in neonatal mice. Cell 56: 27
    • (1989) Cell , vol.56 , pp. 27
    • White, J.1    Herman, A.2    Pullen, A.M.3    Kubo, R.4    Kappler, J.W.5    Marrack, P.6
  • 186
    • 0022492875 scopus 로고
    • Transfer of autoimmune diabetes mellitus with splenocytes from nonohese diabetic (NOD) mice
    • Wicker LS, Miller BJ, Mullen Y (1986) Transfer of autoimmune diabetes mellitus with splenocytes from nonohese diabetic (NOD) mice. Diabetes 35: 855
    • (1986) Diabetes , vol.35 , pp. 855
    • Wicker, L.S.1    Miller, B.J.2    Mullen, Y.3
  • 187
    • 0027229409 scopus 로고
    • How do T-cell receptors, MHC molecules and superantigens get together?
    • Woodland DL, Blackman MA (1993) How do T-cell receptors, MHC molecules and superantigens get together? Immunol Today 14: 208
    • (1993) Immunol Today , vol.14 , pp. 208
    • Woodland, D.L.1    Blackman, M.A.2
  • 188
    • 0028926223 scopus 로고
    • Molecular mimicry in T cell-mediated autoimmunity: Viral peptides activate human T cell clones specific for myelin basic protein
    • Wucherpfennig KW, Strominger JL (1995) Molecular mimicry in T cell-mediated autoimmunity: viral peptides activate human T cell clones specific for myelin basic protein. Cell 80: 695
    • (1995) Cell , vol.80 , pp. 695
    • Wucherpfennig, K.W.1    Strominger, J.L.2
  • 189
    • 0028955365 scopus 로고
    • Selective binding of self peptides to disease-associated major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules: A mechanism for MHC-linked susceptibility to human autoimmune diseases
    • Wucherpfennig KW, Strominger JL (1995) Selective binding of self peptides to disease-associated major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules: a mechanism for MHC-linked susceptibility to human autoimmune diseases. J Exp Med 181: 1597
    • (1995) J Exp Med , vol.181 , pp. 1597
    • Wucherpfennig, K.W.1    Strominger, J.L.2
  • 190
    • 0025006614 scopus 로고
    • Origin and evolution of retroelements based upon their reverse transcriptase sequences
    • Xiong Y, Eickbush TH (1990) Origin and evolution of retroelements based upon their reverse transcriptase sequences. EMBO J 9: 3353
    • (1990) EMBO J , vol.9 , pp. 3353
    • Xiong, Y.1    Eickbush, T.H.2
  • 192
    • 0026001434 scopus 로고
    • Role of viruses in the pathogenesis of IDDM
    • Yoon JW (1991) Role of viruses in the pathogenesis of IDDM. Ann Med 23: 437
    • (1991) Ann Med , vol.23 , pp. 437
    • Yoon, J.W.1
  • 193
    • 0018799757 scopus 로고
    • Virus-induced diabetes mellitus: Isolation of a child with diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Yoon JW, Austin M, Onodera T, Notkins AL (1979) Virus-induced diabetes mellitus: isolation of a child with diabetic ketoacidosis. N Engl J Med 300: 1173
    • (1979) N Engl J Med , vol.300 , pp. 1173
    • Yoon, J.W.1    Austin, M.2    Onodera, T.3    Notkins, A.L.4
  • 194
    • 0018142368 scopus 로고
    • Virus-induced diabetes mellitus XI. Replication of coxackie virus B3 in human pancreatic beta cell cultures
    • Yoon JW, Onodera T, Notkins AL (1978) Virus-induced diabetes mellitus XI. Replication of coxackie virus B3 in human pancreatic beta cell cultures. Diabetes 27: 778
    • (1978) Diabetes , vol.27 , pp. 778
    • Yoon, J.W.1    Onodera, T.2    Notkins, A.L.3
  • 195
    • 0021847181 scopus 로고
    • Postnatal transmission of aids-associated retrovirus from mother to infant
    • Ziegler RB, Johnson RO, Cooper DA, Gold J (1985) Postnatal transmission of aids-associated retrovirus from mother to infant. Lancet I: 896
    • (1985) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 896
    • Ziegler, R.B.1    Johnson, R.O.2    Cooper, D.A.3    Gold, J.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.