Age-adjusted recurrence risks for relatives of patients with multiple sclerosis

Brain

Volumn 119, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 449-455

  Robertson, N P ^a   Fraser, M ^a   Deans, J ^a   Clayton, D ^b   Walker, N ^b   Compston, D A S ^a,c,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^d ADDENBROOKE S HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Multiple sclerosis; Recurrence risks

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE; ARTICLE; FAMILIAL DISEASE; FEMALE; GENETIC DISTANCE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; ONSET AGE; PEDIGREE ANALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECURRENCE RISK; SCHOOL CHILD; STATISTICAL MODEL; UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 0029874022     PISSN: 00068950     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/brain/119.2.449     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Allison RS, Millar JHD. Prevalence and familial incidence of disseminated sclerosis (a report to the Northern Ireland Hospitals Authority on the results of a three year survey). Ulster M J 1954; 23 Suppl 2; 5-27.
2. Binzer M, Forsgren L, Holmgren G, Drugge U, Fredrikson S. Familial clustering of multiple sclerosis in a northern Swedish rural district. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994; 57: 497-9.
3. Bobowick AR, Kurtzke JF, Brody JA, Hrubec Z, Gillespie M. Twin , study of multiple sclerosis: an epidemiologic inquiry. Neurology 1978; 28: 978-87.
4. Davenport CB. Multiple sclerosis from the standpoint of geographical distribution and race. Arch Neurol Psychiatry 1922; 8: 51-8.
5. Doolittle TH. Myers RH, Lehnch JR, Birnbaum G, Sheremata W, Franklin GM, et al. Multiple sclerosis sibling pairs: clustered onset and familial predisposition. Neurology 1990; 40: 1546-52.
6. Ebers GC. Genetic factors in multiple sclerosis. Neurol Clin 1983; 1: 645-54.
7. Ebers GC, Paty DW, Stiller CR, Nelson RF, Seland TP, Larsen B. HLA-typing in multiple sclerosis sibling pairs. Lancet 1982; 2: 88-90.
8. Ebers GC, Bulman DE, Sadovnick AD, Paty DW, Warren S, Hader W, et al A population-based study of multiple sclerosis in twins. N Engl J Med 1986; 315: 1638-12.
9. Eichorst H. Uber infantile und hereditare multiple sclerose. Virchow's Arch. Path Anat 1886; 146: 173-92.
10. Elian M, Dean G. Multiple sclerosis among the United Kingdom-born children of immigrants from the West Indies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1987; 50: 327-32.
11. Gudmundsson KR. Clinical studies of multiple sclerosis in Iceland. Acta Neurol Scand 1971; Suppl 48: 1-78.
12. Hoestler JA. The Hutterite Society. Baltimore, John Hopkins University Press, 1974.
13. Jersild C, Svejgaard A, Fog T. HL-A antigens and multiple sclerosis. Lancet 1972; 1: 1240-1.
14. Kahana E, Zilber N, Abramson JH, Biton V, Leibowitz Y, Abramsky O. Multiple sclerosis: genetic versus environmental aetiology: epidemiology in Israel updated [published erratum appears in J Neurol 1994; 242: 49]. J Neurol 1994; 241: 341-6.
15. Kellar-Wood H, Robertson N, Govan GG, Compston DAS, Harding AE. Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy mitochondrial DNA mutations in multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 1994; 36: 109-12.
16. Kellar-Wood HF, Wood NW, Holmans P, Clayton D, Robertson NP, Compston DAS. Multiple sclerosis and the HLA-D region: linkage and association studies. J Neuroimmunol 1995; 58: 183-90.
17. Kinnunen E, Koskenvuo M, Kaprio J. Aho K. Multiple sclerosis in a nationwide series of twins. Neurology 1987; 37: 1627-9.
18. Koch-Hennksen N. An epidemiological study of multiple sclerosis. Familial aggregation, social determinants, and exogenic factors [see comments]. [Review]. Acta Neurol Scand 1989; Suppl 124: 1-123. Comment in: Acta Neurol Scand 1990; 81: 476-7. Comment in: Acta Neurol Scand 1991; 84: 75-7.
19. Koch-Hennksen N. An epidemiological study of multiple sclerosis. Familial aggregation, social determinants, and exogenic factors [see comments]. [Review]. Acta Neurol Scand 1989; Suppl 124: 1-123. Comment in: Acta Neurol Scand 1990; 81: 476-7. Comment in: Acta Neurol Scand 1991; 84: 75-7.
20. Koch-Hennksen N. An epidemiological study of multiple sclerosis. Familial aggregation, social determinants, and exogenic factors [see comments]. [Review]. Acta Neurol Scand 1989; Suppl 124: 1-123. Comment in: Acta Neurol Scand 1990; 81: 476-7. Comment in: Acta Neurol Scand 1991; 84: 75-7.
21. McAlpine D, Compston ND, Lumsden CE. Multiple sclerosis. Edinburgh: E & S Livingstone. 1995.
22. Mumford CJ, Fraser MB, Wood NW, Compston DAS. Multiple sclerosis in the Cambridge health district of East Anglia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1992; 55: 877-82.
23. Mumford CJ, Wood NW, Kellar-Wood H, Thorpe JW, Miller DH, Compston DAS. The British Isles survey of multiple sclerosis in twins. Neurology 1994; 44: 11-15.
24. Poser CM, Paty DW, Scheinberg L, McDonald WI, Davis FA, Ebers GC, et al. New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines for research protocols. Ann Neurol 1983; 13: 227-31.
25. Pratt RTC. The familial occurrence of disseminated sclerosis Ann Eugenics 1951; 16: 45-59.
26. Roberts DF. Consanguinity and multiple sclerosis in Orkney. Genet Epidermol 1991; 8: 147-51.
27. Roberts DF, Bates D. The genetic contribution to multiple sclerosis. Evidence from North-East England. J Neurol Sci 1982; 54: 287-93.
28. Robertson N, Deans J, Fraser M, Compston DAS. Multiple sclerosis in the north Cambridgeshire districts of East Anglia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1995a; 59: 71-6.
29. Robertson NP, Wood NW, Holmans P, Kellar-Wood H, Sawcer S, Compston DAS. Strategies for the identification of susceptibility genes in multiple sclerosis. Int Multiple Sclerosis J 1995b; 2: 1-7.
30. Sadovnick AD. Genetic epidemiology of multiple sclerosis: a survey. [Review]. Ann Neurol 1994; 36 Suppl 2: S194-203.
31. Sadovnick AD, Baird PA, Ward RH. Multiple sclerosis: updated risks for relatives. Am J Med Genet 1988; 29: 533-41.
32. Sharpe G, Price SE, Last A, Thompson RJ. Multiple sclerosis in island populations: prevalence in the Bailiwicks of Guernsey and jersey. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1995; 58: 22-6.
33. Shibasaki H, McDonald WI, Kuroiwa Y. Racial modification of clinical picture of multiple sclerosis: comparison between British and Japanese patients. J Neurol Sci 1981; 49: 253-71.
34. Sutherland JM. Observations on the prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Northern Scotland. Brain 1956; 79: 635-54.
35. Swingler R. Epidemiology and genetics of multiple sclerosis in South East Wales. [MD thesis]. London: University of London, 1989.
36. Thompson AJ, Kermode AG, Wicks D, MacManus DG, Kendall BE, Kingsley DP, et al. Major differences in the dynamics of primary and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 1991; 29: 53-62.
37. Thorpe JW, Mumford CJ, Compston DAS, Kendall BE, MacManus DG. McDonald WI, et al. British Isles survey of multiple sclerosis in twins: MRI. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994; 57: 491-6.
38. Tienari PJ, Salonen O, Wikstrom J, Valanne L, Palo J. Familial multiple sclerosis: MRI findings in clinically affected and unaffected siblings. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1992; 55: 883-6.
39. Wikstrom J, Tienari PJ, Sumelahti ML, Hovi E, Kinnunen E, Palo J. Multiple sclerosis in Finland: evidence of uneven geographic distribution, increasing frequency and high familial occurrence. In: Firnhaber W, Lauer K. editors. Multiple sclerosis in Europe: an epidemiological update. Alsbach/Bergstrasse: Leuchtturm-Verlag/LTV Press, 1994: 73-8.
40. Williams A, Eldridge R, McFarland H, Houff S, Krebs H, McFarlin D. Multiple sclerosis in twins. Neurology 1980; 30: 1139-47.
41. Wood NW, Sawcer SJ, Kellar-Wood HF, Holmans P, Clayton D, Robertson N, et al. The T-cell receptor-β locus and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1995a; 45: 1859-63.
42. Wood NW, Sawcer SJ, Kellar-Wood HF, Holmans P, Clayton D, Robertson N, et al. Susceptibility to multiple sclerosis and the immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region. J Neurol 1995b; 242: 677-82.
43. Yu YL, Woo E, Hawkins BR, Ho HC, Huang CY. Multiple sclerosis amongst Chinese in Hong Kong. Brain 1989; 112: 1445-67.