Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 Tax1 activation of NF-κB: Involvement of the protein kinase C pathway

Journal of Virology

Volumn 70, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 2525-2532

  Lindholm, Paul F ^a,b   Tamami, Mehrnaz ^a   Makowski, James ^a,b   Brady, John N ^a  

^a NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b MEDICAL COLLEGE OF WISCONSIN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTISERUM; CALPHOSTIN C; DNA; GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASE; HYBRID PROTEIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; MUTANT PROTEIN; N (2 METHYLAMINOETHYL) 5 ISOQUINOLINESULFONAMIDE; PHORBOL 13 ACETATE 12 MYRISTATE; PROTEIN KINASE C; PROTEIN KINASE C INHIBITOR; REGULATOR PROTEIN; TAX PROTEIN;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; AUTOPHOSPHORYLATION; CELL LINE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME LOCALIZATION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN T CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS 1; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; RETICULOCYTE; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION;

EID: 0029870405     PISSN: 0022538X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.70.4.2525-2532.1996     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Adachi, Y., T. Nosaka, and M. Hatanaka. 1990 Protein kinase inhibitor H-7 blocks accumulation of unspliced mRNA of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 169:469-475.
2. Alexandre, C., P. Charnay, and B. Verrier. 1991. Transactivation of Krox-20 and Krox-24 promoters by the HTLV-I Tax protein through common regulatory elements. Oncogene 6:1851-1857.
3. Arima, N., J. A. Molitor, M. R. Smith, J. H. Kim, Y. Daitoku, and W. C. Greene. 1991. Human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax induces, expression of the Rel-related family of κB enhancer-binding proteins: evidence for a pretranslational component of regulation. J. Virol. 65:6892-6899.
4. Azzi, A., D. Boscoboinik, and C. Hensey. 1992. The protein kinase C family. Eur J Biochem. 208:547-557.
5. Baudier, J., C. Delphin, D. Grunwald, S. Kochbin, and J. J. Lawrence. 1992. Characterization of the tumor suppressor protein p53 as a protein kinase C substrate and a S100b-binding protein. Proc Natl Acad. Sci. USA 89:11627-11631.
6. Beg, A. A., T. S. Finco, P. V. Nantermet, and A. S. Baldwin. 1993. Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 lead to phosphorylation and loss of IκBα: a mechanism for NF-κB activation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:3301-3310
7. 1 transactivator to the inducible 21 bp enhancer is mediated by the cellular factor HEB1 EMBO J 10:3795-3803.
8. Block, C., S. Freyermuth, D. Beyersmann, and A. N. Malviya, 1992. Role of cadmium in activating nuclear protein kinase C and the enzyme binding to nuclear protein. J. Biol. Chem. 267:19824-19828.
9. Blumberg, P. M. 1991. Complexities of the protein kiriase C pathway. Mol. Carcinog 4:339-344.
10. Brady, J., K.-T. Jeang, J. Duvall, and G. Khoury. 1987. Identification of pX-responsive regulatory sequences within the human T-cell leukemia virus type I long terminal repeat. J. Virol. 61:2175-2181.
11. Brown, K., S. Park, T. Kanno, G. Franzoso, and U, Siebenlist. 1993. Mutual regulation of the transcriptional activator NF-κB and its inhibitor, IκBα. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:2532-2536.
12. Bruns, R. F., F. D. Miller, K. L. Merriman, J. J. Howbert, W. F. Heath, E. Kobayashi, I. Takahashi, T. Tamaoki, and H. Nakano. 1991. Inhibition of protein kinase C by Calphostin C is light-dependent. Biochem. Biophys. Res Comm. 176:288-293.
13. Burgess, G. M., J. S. Mckinney, A. Fabiato, B. A. Lesie, and J. W. Putney. 1983 Calcium pools in saponin-permeabilized guinea pig hepatocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 258:15336-15345.
14. Chowdhury, I. H., Y. Koyanagi, S. Kobayashi, Y. Hamamoto, H. Yoshiyama, T. Yoshida, and N. Yamamoto. 1990. The phorbol ester TPA strongly inhibits HIV-1-induced syncytia formation but enhances virus production: possible involvement of protein kinase C pathway. Virology 176:126-132.
15. Connor, L. M., M. N. Oxman, J. N. Brady, and S. J. Marriott 1993. Twenty-one base pair repeat elements influence the ability of a Gal4-Tax fusion protein to transactivate the HTLV-I long terminal repeat. Virology 195:569-577.
16. Cordle, S., R. Donald, M. A. Read, and J. Hawiger. 1993. Lipopolysaccharide induces phosphorylation of MAD3 and activation of c-Rel and related NF-κB proteins in human monocytic THP-1 cells. J. Biol. Chem 268:11803-11810.
17. Cross, S. L., M. B. Feinberg, J. B. Wolf, N. J. Holbrook, F. Wong-Staal, and W. J. Leonard. 1987. Regulation of the human interleukin-2 receptor α chain promoter: activation of a nonfunctional promoter by the transactivator gene of HTLV-I. Cell 49:47-56
18. Dutil, E. M., L. M. Keranen, A. A. DePaoli-Roach, and A. C. Newton. 1994. In vivo regulation of protein kinase C by trans-phosphorylation followed by autophosphorylation. J Biol. Chem. 469:29359-29362.
19. Duyao, M. P., D. J. Kessler, D. B. Spicer, C. Bartholomew, J. L. Cleveland, M. Siekevitz, and G. E. Sonenshein. 1992. Transactivation of the c-myc promoter by human T cell leukemia virus type I tax is mediated by NF-κB. J. Biol. Chem. 267:16288-16291.
20. Flint, A. J., R. D. Paladini, and D. E. Koshland, Jr. 1990. Autophosphorylation of protein kinase C at three separated regions of its primary sequence. Science 249:408-411.
21. Fontes, J. D., J. M. Strawhecker, N. D. Bills, R. E. Lewis, and S. H. Hinrichs. 1993. Phorbol esters modulate the phosphorylation of human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax J Virol. 67:4436-4441.
22. Fujisawa, J., M. Toita, T. Yoshimura, and M. Yoshida. 1991. The indirect association of human T-cell leukemia virus Tax protein with DNA results in transcriptional activation. J. Virol. 65:4525-4528.
23. Ghosh, S., and D. Baltimore. 1990. Activation in vitro of NF-κB by phosphorylation of its inhibitor IκB. Nature (London) 344:678-682.
24. Giam, C.-Z., and Y.-L. Xu. 1989. HTLV-I tax gene product activates transcription via preexisting cellular factors and cAMP responsive element. J. Biol Chem. 264:15236-15241.
25. Green, J. E., C. G. Begley, D. K. Wagner, T. A. Waldmann, and G. Jay. 1989. trans activation of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and the interleukin-2 receptor in transgenic mice carrying the human T-lymphotropic virus type I tax gene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:4731-4737.
26. Haskill, S., A. A. Beg, S. M. Tompkins, J. S. Morris, A. Yurochko, A. Sampson-Johannes, K. Mondal, P. Ralph, and A. S. Baldwin. 1991. Characterization of an immediate-early gene induced in adherent monocytes that encodes IκB-like activity. Cell 65:1281-1289.
27. Hidaka, M., H. Nakakuma, T. Kawaguchi, S. Nagakura, K. Horikawa, Y. Okuno, T. Kagimoto, and K. Takatsuki. 1992. Altered expression of protein kinase C in adult T-cell leukemia cells. Int. J. Hematol 56:135-141.
28. Hirai, H., J. Fujisawa, T. Suzuki, K. Ueda, M. Muramatsu, A. Tsuboi, N. Arai, and M. Yoshida. 1992. Transcriptional activator Tax of HTLV-I binds to the NF-κB precursor p105. Oncogene 7:1737-1742.
29. Hirai, H., T. Suzuki, J.-I. Fujisawa, and M. Yoshida. 1994. Tax protein of human T-cell leukemia virus type I binds to the ankyrin motifs of inhibitory factor κB and induces nuclear translocation of transcription factor NF-κB proteins for transcriptional activation. Proc. Natl Acad Sci. USA 91:3584-3588
30. Housey, G. M., M. D. Johnson, W. L. W. Hsiao, C. A. O'Brian, J. P. Murphy, P. Kirschmeier, and I. B. Weinstein, 1988. Overproduction of protein kinase C causes disordered growth control in rat fibroblasts. Cell 52:343-354.
31. Jakobovits, A., A. Rosenthal, and D. J. Capon. 1990 Trans-activation of HIV-1 LTR-directed gene expression by tat requires protein kinase C EMBO J. 9:1165-1170.
32. Jeang, K.-T., R. Chiu, E. Santos, and S.-J. Kim. 1991. Induction of the HTLV-I LTR by Jun occurs through the Tax-responsive 21-bp elements Virology 181:218-227.
33. Jensen, W. A., B. J. Wicks-Beard, and G. L. Cockerell. 1992. Inhibition of protein kinase C results in decreased expression of bovine leukemia virus. J. Virol. 66:4427-4433
34. Kanno, T., B. Brown, G. Franzoso, and U. Siebenlist. 1994. Kinetic analysis of human T-cell leukemia virus type I tax-mediated activation of NF-κB. Mol. Cell Biol 14:6443-6451
35. Kikkawa, U., Y. Takai, R. Minakuchi, S. Inohara, and Y. Nishizuka. 1982. Calcium activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase from rat brain. J. Biol Chem. 257:13341-13348
36. Kinter, A. L., G. Poli, W. Maury, T. M. Folks, and A. S. Fauci. 1990. Direct and cytokine-mediated activation of protein kinase C induces human immunodeficiency virus expression in chronically infected promonocytic cells. J. Virol. 64:4306-4312
37. Kobayashi, E., H. Nakano, M. Morimoto, and T. Tamaoki. 1989. Calphostin C (UCN-1028C), a novel microbial compound, is a highly potent and specific inhibitor of protein kinase C Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 159:548-553
38. Kracht, M., A. Heiner, K. Resch, and M. Szamel. 1993. Interleukin-1-induced signaling in T-cells J Btol. Chem. 268:21066-21072
39. Lacoste, J., L. Cohen, and J. Hiscott. 1991 NF-κB activity in T cells stably expressing the tax protein of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I. Virology 184:553-562.
40. Lacoste, J., L. Petropoulos, N. Pépin, and J. Hiscott. 1995. Constitutive phosphorylation and turnover of IκBα in human T-cell leukemia virus type I-infected and Tax-expressing T cells. J. Virol. 69:564-569.
41. Leung, K., and G. J. Nabel. 1988. HTLV-I transactivator induces interleukin-2 receptor expression through an NF-κB-like factor Nature (London) 333:776-778.
42. Libermann, T. A., and D. Baltimore. 1990. Activation of interleukin-6 gene expression through the NF-κB transcription factor Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:2327-2334.
43. 1 protein. New Biol. 2:1034-1043.
44. 2 protein stimulates tumor necrosis factor-β and immunoglobulin kappa light chain expression in lymphoid cells. J. Virol. 66:1294-1302.
45. Link, E., L. D. Kerr, R. Schreck, U. Zabel, I. Verma, and P. A. Baeuerle. 1992 Purified IκB-β is inactivated upon dephosphorylation. J. Biol. Chem. 257:239-246.
46. Lucito, R., and R. J. Schneider. 1992. Hepatitis B virus X protein activates transcription factor NF-κB without a requirement for protein kinase C. J. Virol. 66:983-991.
47. 1 with a responsive element in the viral long terminal repeat Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:4192-4201.
48. Megidish, T., and N. Mazurek. 1989. A mutant protein kinase C that can transform fibroblasts. Nature (London) 342:807-811.
49. Mochly-Rosen, D., H. Khaner, J. Lopez, and B. L. Smith. 1991. Intracellular receptors for activated protein kinase C. J Biol. Chem. 266:14866-14868.
50. rax protein in the human T-cell line, Jurkat J Virol. 63:3220-3226.
51. Newton, A. C., and D. E. Koshland, Jr. 1990. Phosphatidylserine affects specificity of protein kinase C substrate phosphorylation and autophosphorylation. Biochemistry 29:6656-6661.
52. Nishizuka, Y. 1984. The role of protein kinase C in cell surface signal transduction and tumor promotion. Nature (London) 308:693-698.
53. Nyborg, J. K., M.-A. H. Matthews, J. Yucel, L. Walls, W. T. Golde, W. S. Dynan, and W. Wachsman. 1990. Interaction of host cell proteins with the human T-cell leukemia virus type I transcriptional control region. J. Biol Chem 265:8237-8242.
54. Ohno, S., Y. Konno, Y. Akita, A. Yano, and K. Suzuki. 1990. A point mutation at the putative ATP-binding site of protein kinase C abolishes the kinase activity and renders it down-regulation-insensitive. J. Biol. Chem. 265:6296-6300.
55. Osborn, L., S. Kunkel, and G. J. Nabel. 1989. Tumor necrosis factor-α and interleuktn 1 stimulate the human immunodeficiency virus enhancer by activation of the nuclear factor-κB. Proc. Natl. Acad Sci USA 86:2336-2340.
56. Paul, N. L., M. J. Lenardo, K. D. Novak, T. Sarr, W.-L. Tang, and N. H. Ruddle. 1990. Lymphotoxin activation by human T-cell leukemia virus type I-infected cell lines role for NF-κB J. Virol. 64:5412-5419.
57. Persons, D. A., W. O. Wilkison, R. M. Bell, and O. J. Finn. 1988 Altered growth regulation and enhanced tumorigenicity of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts transfected with protein kinase C-1 cDKA. Cell 52:447-458.
58. Poteat, H. T., P. Kadison, K. McGuire, L. Park, R. E. Park, J. G. Sodroski, and W. A. Haseltine. 1989. Response of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 long terminal repeat to cyclic AMP. J. Virol. 63:1604-1611.
59. Radonovich, M., and K.-T. Jeang. 1989. Activation of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I long terminal repeat by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and by Tax (p40x) occurs through similar but functionally distinct target sequences. J Virol 63:2987-2994.
60. Reid, R. L., P. F. Lindholm, A. Mireskandari, J. Dittmer, and J. N. Brady. 1993. Stabilization of wild-type p53 in human T-lymphocytes transformed by HTLV-I. Oncogene 8:3029-3036.
61. Rice, N. R., and M. K. Ernst. 1993. In vivo control of NF-κB activation by IκBα. EMBO J. 12:4685-4695
62. Rozengurt, E. 1986. Early signals in the mitogenic response. Science 234: 161-165.
63. Ruben, S., A. Perkins, and C. A. Rosen. 1989. Activation of NF-kappa B by the HTLV-I trans-activator protein Tax requires an additional factor present in lymphoid cells. New Biol. 1:275-284.
64. 63a.Ruben, S., H. Poteat, T.-H. Tan, K. Kawakami, R. Roeder, W. Haseltine, and C. A. Rosen. 1988. Cellular transcription factors and regulation of IL-2 receptor gene expression by HTLV-I tax gene product Science 241:89-92.
65. Salahuddin, S. Z., P. D. Markham, F. Wong-Staal, G. Franchini, V. S. Kalyanaraman, and R. C. Gallo. 1983. Restricted expression of human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV) in transformed human umbilical cord blood lymphocytes. Viroiogy 129:51-64.
66. fyn tyrosine kinases in human lymphocytes. Blood 82:1212-1220.
67. Schreck, R., R. Grassmann, B. Fleckenstein, and P. A. Baeuerle. 1992. Antioxidants selectively suppress activation of NF-κB by human T-ccll leukemia virus type I Tax protein. J. Virol. 66:6288-6293.
68. Schreiber, E., P. Matthias, M. M. Muller, and W. Schaffner. 1988. Identification of a novel lymphoid specific octamer binding protein (OTF-2B) by proteolytic clipping bandshift assay (PCBA). EMBO J. 7:4221-4229.
69. Seiki, M., J.-I. Inoue, M. Hidaka, and M. Yoshida. 1988. Two cis-acting elements responsible for posttranscriptional trans-regulation of gene expression of human T-cell leukemia virus type I. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA 85:7124-7128.
70. Smith, M. R., and W. C. Greene. 1990. Identification of HTLV-I tax transactivator mutants exhibiting novel transcriptional phenotypes. Genes Dev. 4:1875-1885.
71. Staal, F. J. T., M. Roederer, and L. A. Herzenberg. 1990. Intracellular thiols regulate activation of nuclear factor κB and transcription of human immunodeficiency virus. Proc. Natl. Acad Sci USA 87:9943-9947.
72. Strulorici, B., S. Daniel-Issakani, G. Baxter, J. Knopf, L. Sultzman, H. Cherwinski, J. Nestor, Jr., D. R. Webb, and J. Ransom. 1991. Distinct mechanisms of regulation of protein kinasc Cε by hormones and phorbol diesters. J. Biol. Chem. 366:168-173.
73. Sun, S.-C., J. Elwood, C. Beraud, and W. C. Greene. 1994. Human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax activation of NF-κB/Rel involves phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα and RelA (p65)-mediated induction of the c-rel gene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:7377-7384.
74. Sun, S.-C., P. A. Ganchi, D. W. Ballard, and W. C. Greene. 1993. NF-κB controls expression of inhibitor IκBα: evidence for an inducible autoregulatory pathway. Science 259:1912-1915.
75. Tan, T.-H., M. Horikoshi, and R. G. Roeder. 1989. Purification and characterization of multiple nuclear factors that bind to the Tax-inducible enhancer within the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 long terminal repeat Mol. Cell. Biol 9:1733-1745.
76. Tan, T.-H., R. Jia, and R. G. Roeder. 1989. Utilization of signal transduction pathway by the human T-cell leukemia virus type I transcriptional activator tax. J. Virol. 63:3761-3768.
77. Tendler, C., S. Greenberg, W. Blattner, A. Manns, E. Murphy, T. Fliesher, B. Hanchard, O. Morgan, J. Burton, D. Nelson, and T. Waldmann. 1990. Transactivation of interleukin 2 and its receptor induces immune activation in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-I-associated myelopathy pathogenic implications and a rationale for immunotherapy Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. USA 87:5218-5222.
78. Tschachler, E., M. Robert-Guroff, R. C. Gallo, and M. S. Reitz. 1989. Human T-lymphotropic virus I-infected T-cells constitutively express lymphotoxin in vitro. Blood 73:194-201.
79. Wagner, S., and M. R. Green. 1993. HTLV-I Tax protein stimulation of DNA binding of bZIP protein by enhancing dimerization. Science 262:395-399.
80. ++, phorbol esters, and ATP. J. Biol. Chem. 260:15718-15722.
81. Yoshimura, T., J.-I. Fujisawa, and M. Yoshida. 1990. Multiple cDNA clones encoding nuclear proteins that bind to the tax-dependent enhancer of HTLV-I all contain a leucine zipper structure and basic amino acid domain. EMBO J. 9:2537-2542.
82. Zhou, W., N. Takuwa, M. Kumada, and Y. Takuwa. 1993. Protein kinase C-mediated bidirectional regulation of DNA synthesis, RB protein phosphorylation, and cychn-dependent kinases in human vascular endothelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 268:23041-23048.