Body mass index in young adults: Associations with parental body size and education in the CARDIA study

American Journal of Public Health

Volumn 86, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 480-484

  Greenlund, Kurt J ^a,b   Liu, Kiang ^a   Dyer, Alan R ^a   Kiefe, Catarina I ^c   Burke, Gregory L ^d   Yunis, Carlo ^e  

^a NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b TULANE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c University of Alabama at Birmingham

^d WAKE FOREST SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CAUCASIAN; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORONARY RISK; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FATHER; FEMALE; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MOTHER; NEGRO; OBESITY; RACE DIFFERENCE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SOCIAL STATUS;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICAN AMERICANS; AFRICAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; BODY MASS INDEX; CORONARY DISEASE; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; FEMALE; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; OBESITY; PARENTS; RISK FACTORS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS;

EID: 0029866019     PISSN: 00900036     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2105/ajph.86.4.480     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Sobal J, Stunkard AJ. Socioeconomic status and obesity: a review of the literature. Psychol Bull. 1989;105:260-275.
2. Flegal KM, Harlan WR, Landis JR. Secular trends in body mass index and skinfold thickness with socioeconomic factors in young adult women. Am J Clin Nutr. 1988;48:535-543.
3. Croft JB, Strogatz DS, James SA, et al. Socioeconomic and behavioral correlates of body mass index in Black adults: the Pitt County Study. Am J Public Health. 1992;82: 821-826.
4. Keenan NL, Strogatz DS, James SA, Ammerman AS, Rice BL. Distribution and correlates of waist-to-hip ratio in Black adults: the Pitt County Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1992;135:678-684.
5. Rimm IJ, Rimm AA. Association between socioeconomic status and obesity in 59 556 women. Prev Med. 1974;3:543-572.
6. Gillum RF. Overweight and obesity in Black women: a review of published data from the National Center for Health Statistics. J Natl Med Assoc. 1987;79:865-871.
7. Kumanyika S. Obesity in Black women. Epidemiol Rev. 1987;9:31-50.
8. Kahn HS, Williamson DF, Stevens JA. Race and weight change in US women: the roles of socioeconomic and marital status. Am J Public Health. 1991;81:319-323.
9. Kohrs MB, Wang LL, Eklund D, Paulson B, O'Neal R. The association of obesity with socioeconomic factors in Missouri. Am J Clin Nutr. 1979;32:2120-2128.
10. Garn SM, Bailey SM, Cole PE, Higgins ITT. Level of education, level of income, and level of fatness in adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 1977;30:721-725.
11. Khoury PR, Morrison JA, Laskarzewski P, et al. Relationships of education and occupation to coronary heart disease risk factors in schoolchildren and adults: the Princeton School District Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1981;113:378-395.
12. Jeffery RW, Forster JL, Folsom AR, Luepker RV, Jacobs DR Jr, Blackburn H. The relationship between social status and body mass index in the Minnesota heart health program. Int J Obes. 1989;13:59-67.
13. Burke GL, Jacobs DR Jr, Sprafka JM, Savage PJ, Sidney S, Wagenknecht LE. Obesity and overweight in young adults: the CARDIA study. Prev Med. 1990;19:476-488.
14. Garn SM, Sullivan TV, Hawthorne VM. Educational level, fatness, and fatness differences between husbands and wives. Am J Clin Nutr. 1989;50:740-745.
15. Flegal KM, Harlan WR, Landis JR. Secular trends in body mass index and skinfold thickness with socioeconomic factors in young adult men. Am J Clin Nutr. 1988;48: 544-551.
16. Kahn HS, Williamson DF. The contributions of income, education and changing marital status to weight change among US men. Int J Obes. 1990;14:1057-1068.
17. Teasdale TW, Sorensen TIA, Stunkard AJ. Genetic and early environmental components in sociodemographic influences on adult body fatness. Br Med J. 1990;300:1615-1618.
18. Sorensen TIA, Holst C, Stunkard AJ, Skovgaard LT. Correlations of body mass index of adult adoptees and their biological and adoptive relatives. Int J Obes. 1992;16: 227-236.
19. Longini IM, Higgins MW, Hinton PC, Moll PP, Keller JB. Genetic and environmental sources of familial aggregation of body mass in Tecumseh, Michigan. Hum Biol. 1984;56:733-757.
20. Heller R, Garrison RJ, Havlik RJ, Feinleib M, Padgett S. Family resemblances in height and relative weight in the Framingham Heart Study. Int J Obes. 1984;8:399-405.
21. Bouchard C, Perusse L. Heredity and body fat. Ann Rev Nutr. 1988;8:259-277.
22. Selby JV, Newman B, Quesenberry CP Jr, et al. Genetic and behavioral influences on body fat distribution. Int J Obes. 1990;14: 593-602.
23. Ravelli G, Stein ZA, Susser MW. Obesity in young men after famine exposure in utero and early infancy. N Engl J Med. 1976;295:349-353.
24. Charney E, Goodman HC, McBride M, Lyon B, Pratt R. Childhood antecedents of adult obesity. Do chubby infants become obese adults? N Engl J Med. 1976;295:6-9.
25. Power C, Moynihan C. Social class changes and weight-for-height between childhood and early adulthood. Int J Obes. 1988;12: 445-453.
26. Braddon FE, Rodgers B, Wadsworth MEJ, Davies JMC. Onset of obesity in a 36 year birth cohort study. Br Med J. 1986;293:299-303.
27. Goldblatt PB, Moore ME, Stunkard AJ. Social factors in obesity. JAMA. 1965;192: 1039-1042.
28. Peckham CS, Stark O, Simonite V, Wolff OH. Prevalence of obesity in British children born in 1948 and 1958. Br Med J. 1983;286:1237-1242.
29. Garn SM, Hopkins PJ, Ryan AS. Differential fatness gain of low-income boys and girls. Am J Clin Nutr. 1981;34:1465-1468.
30. Friedman GD, Cutter GR, Donahue RP, et al. CARDIA: study design, recruitment, and some characteristics of the examined subjects. J Clin Epidemiol. 1988;41:1105-1116.
31. Winkleby MA, Jatulis DE, Frank E, Fortmann SP. Socioeconomic status and health: how education, income, and occupation contribute to risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Am J Public Health. 1992;82:816-820.
32. Kaplan GA, Kiel JE. Socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature. Circulation. 1993;88:1973-1998.
33. Stunkard AJ, Sorenson R, Schlusinger F. Use of the Danish adoption register for the study of obesity and thinness. In: Kety SS, Rowland LP, Sidman RL, Matthysse SS, eds. The Genetics of Neurological and Psychological Disorders. New York, NY: Raven Press; 1983:115-120.
34. Fallon AE, Rozin P. Sex differences in perceptions of desirable body shape. J Abnorm Psych. 1985;94:102-105.
35. Rozin P, Fallen A. Body image, attitudes to weight, and misperceptions of figure preference of the opposite sex: a comparison of men and women in two generations. J Abnorm Psych. 1988;97:342-345.
36. Zellener DA, Marner DE, Adler RL. Effects of eating abnormalities and gender on perceptions of desirable body shape. J Abnorm Psych. 1989;98:93-96.
37. Gerber AM, James SA, Ammerman AS, et al. Socioeconomic status and electrolyte intake in Black adults: the Pitt County Study. Am J Public Health. 1991;81:1608-1612.
38. Hellerstedt WL, Jeffery RW, Murray DM. The association between alcohol intake and adiposity in the general population. Am J Epidemiol. 1990;132:594-611.
39. Wack JT, Rodin J. Smoking and its effects on body weight and the systems of caloric regulation. Am J Clin Nutr. 1982;35:366-380.
40. Hofstetter A, Schutz Y, Jécquier E, Wahren J. Increased 24-hour energy expenditure in cigarette smokers. N Engl J Med. 1986;314: 79-82.
41. Albanes D, Jones Y, Micozzi MS, Mattson ME. Associations between smoking and body weight in the US population: analysis of NHANES II. Am J Public Health. 1987;77:439-444.
42. Wagenknecht LE, Burke GL, Perkins LL, Haley NJ, Friedman GD. Misclassification of smoking status in the CARDIA Study: a comparison of self-report with serum cotinine levels. Am J Public Health. 1992;82:33-36.
43. Dyer AR, Cutter GR, Liu K, et al. Alcohol intake and blood pressure in young adults: the CARDIA Study. J Clin Epidemiol. 1990;43:1-13.
44. Slattery ML, McDonald A, Bild DE, et al. Associations of body fat and its distribution with dietary intake, physical activity, alcohol, and smoking in Blacks and Whites. Am J Clin Nutr. 1992;55:943-949.
45. Jacobs DR Jr, Hahn L, Haskell WL, Price P, Sidney S. Validity and reliability of a short physical activity history: CARDIA and the Minnesota Heart Health Program. J Cardiopulmonary Rehab. 1989;9:448-459.
46. SAS Institute. SAS/Stat User's Guide, Release 6.03 Edition. Cary, NC: SAS Institute; 1988.
47. Lau RR, Quadrel MJ, Hartman KA. Development and change of young adults' preventive health beliefs and behavior: influence from parents and peers. J Health Soc Behav. 1990;31:240-259.
48. Chassin L, Presson CC, Sherman SJ, Edwards DA. Parent educational attainment and adolescent cigarette smoking. J Subst Abuse. 1992;4:219-234.
49. Gottlieb NH. The effects of peer and parental smoking and age on the smoking careers of college women: a sex-related phenomenon. Soc Sci Med. 1982;16:595-600.
50. Green G, Macintyre S, West P, Ecob R. Like parent like child? Associations between drinking and smoking behaviors of parents and their children. Br J Addict. 1991;86:745-758.
51. Bailey SL, Ennett ST, Ringwalt CL. Potential mediators, moderators, or independent effects in the relationship between parents' former and current cigarette use and their children's cigarette use. Addict Behav. 1993;18:601-621.
52. Gortmaker SL, Must A, Perrin JM, Sobal AM, Dietz WH. Social and economic consequences of overweight in adolescence and young adulthood. N Engl J Med. 1993;329:1008-1021.
53. Ross CE, Mirowsky J. Social epidemiology of overweight: a substantive and methodological investigation. J Health Soc Behav. 1983;24:288-298.