Commonalities and discrepancies in the relationships between behavioural outcome and the results of neuroimaging in brain-damaged patients

Behavioural Neurology

Volumn 9, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 45-55

  Markowitsch, Hans J ^a   Calabresea, Pasquale ^b  

^a BIELEFELD UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^b RUHR UNIVERSITY BOCHUM   (Germany)

Author keywords

Brain damage; Computer tomography; Magnetic resonance imaging; Neuropsychological assessment

Indexed keywords

BEHAVIOR; BRAIN INJURY; CELL COMMUNICATION; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; HUMAN; NERVE CELL; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; NEURORADIOLOGY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PERSONALITY; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; REVIEW; TREATMENT OUTCOME; WHITE MATTER;

EID: 0029860894     PISSN: 09534180     EISSN: 18758584     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3233/BEN-1996-9201     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Aarabi B (1990) Surgical outcome in 435 patients who sustained missile head wounds during the Iran–Iraq war. Neurosurgery, 27, 692–695.
2. Alesch F, Ostertag CB, Dietrich B and Piepgras U (1991) Korrelation computertomographischer Befunde mit histologischen Diagnosen. Aktuelle Neurologie, 18, 95–99.
3. Allen LS, Richey MF, Chai YM and Gorski RA (1991) Sex differences in the corpus callosum of the living human being. Journal of Neuroscience, 11, 933–942.
4. Allman P (1991) Emotionalism following brain damage. Behavioural Neurology, 4, 57–62.
5. Amsterdam JD and Mozley PD (1992) Temporal lobe asymmetry with iofetamine (IMP SPECT) imaging in patients with major depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 24, 43–53.
6. Auerbach SH (1986) Neuroanatomical correlates of attention and memory disorders in traumatic brain injury: an application of neurobehavioral subtypes. Journal of Head Trauma and Rehabilitation, 1, 1–12.
7. Barth JT, Macchiochi SN, Giordani B, Rimel R, Jane JA and Boll TJ (1983) Neuropsychological sequelae of minor head injury. Neurosurgery, 13, 529–533.
8. Baumgartner RW and Regard M (1993) Bilateral neuropsychological deficits in unilateral paramedian thalamic infarction. European Neurology, 33, 195–198.
9. Beardsworth E and Bishop D (1994) Assessment of longterm verbal memory in children. Memory, 2, 129–148.
10. Benton D, Owens S and Parker PY (1994) Blood glucose influences memory and attention in young adults. Neuropsychologia, 32, 595–607.
11. Bernard LC, McGrath MJ and Houston W (1993a) Discriminating between simulated malingering and closed head injury on the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 8, 539–551.
12. Bernard LC, Houston W and Natoli L (1993b) Malingering on neuropsychological memory tests: potential objective indicators. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49, 45–53.
13. Bondareff W (1985) The neural basis of aging. In: Handbook of Psychology of Aging (Eds JE Birren and KW Schaie), pp. 33–57. Van Nostrand, New York.
14. Brandt J (1992) Detecting amnesia’s impostors. In: Neuropsychology of Memory (Eds LR Squire and N Butters), pp. 156–165. Guilford, New York.
15. Brodal A (1973) Self-observations and neuro-anatomical considerations after a stroke. Brain, 96, 615–694.
16. Buchanan CM, Eccles JS and Becker JB (1992) Are adolescents the victims of raging hormones: Evidence for activational effects of hormones on moods and behavior at adolescence. Psychological Bulletin, 111, 62–107.
17. Buffery AW and Gray JA (1972) Sex differences in the development of spatial and linguistic skills. In: Gender differences: Their Ontogeny and Significance (Eds C Ounsted and DC Taylor), pp. 123–157. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.
18. Calabrese P (1996) Vom Netzwerkbegriff zur Funktionsstörung – Implikationen für die klinische Neuropsychologie In: Neuronale Netzwerke (Ed. M Lasar), in press. Pabst Verlag, Hannover.
19. Calabrese P and Markowitsch HJ (1995) Recovery of mnestic functions after hypoxic brain damage. International Journal of Rehabilitation and Health, 1, 247–260.
20. Calabrese P, Fink GR, Markowitsch HJ, Kessler J, Durwen H, Liess J, Haupts M and Gehlen W (1994) Left hemispheric neuronal heterotopia. A PET, MRI, EEG, and neuropsychological investigation of a university student. Neurology, 44, 302–305.
21. Chow KL (1967) Effects of ablation. In: The Neurosciences. A Study Program (Eds GC Quarton, T Melnechuk and FO Schmitt), pp. 705–713. Rockefeller University Press, New York.
22. Clegg S and Warrington EK (1994) Four easy memory tests for older adults. Memory, 2, 167-182.
23. Corkin S, Rosen J, Sullivan EV and Clegg RA (1989) Penetrating head injury in young adulthood exacerbates cognitive decline in later years. Journal of Neuroscience, 9, 3876–3883.
24. Cramon DY von (1990) Die klinische Neuropsychologie aus der Sicht des Neurologen. In: Jahrbuch der Neurologie 1989/90 (Eds CE Elger and R Dengler), pp. 21–37. Biermann, Münster.
25. Cramon DY von and Markowitsch HJ (1992) The problem of “localizing” memory in focal cerebro-vascular lesions. In: Neuropsychology of Memory (2nd ed.) (Eds LR Squire and N Butters), pp. 95–105. Guilford Press, New York.
26. De Voider AG, Goffinet AM, Bol A, Michel C, de Barsy T and Laterre C (1990) Brain glucose metabolism in postanoxic syndrome. Positron emission tomographic study. Archives of Neurology, 47, 197–204.
27. Dikmen S, Reitan RM and Temkin NR (1983) Neuropsychological recovery in head injury. Archives of Neurology, 40, 333–338.
28. Feeney DM and Baron JC (1986) Diaschisis. Stroke, 17, 817–830.
29. Gathercole SE, Conway MA, Collins A and Morris PE (1993) The practice of memory. In: Theories of Memory (Eds A Collins, SE Gathercole, MA Conway and PE Morris), pp. 1–10. LEA, Hove.
30. Gennarelli TA, Spielman GM, Langfitt TW, Gildenberg PL, Harrington T, Jane JA, Marshall LF, Miller JD and Pitts LH (1982) Influence of the type of intracranial lesion on outcome from severe head injury. Journal of Neurosurgery, 56, 26–32.
31. Gentry LR, Godersky JC, Thompson B and Dunn VD (1988) Prospective comparative study of intermediate-field MR and CT in the evaluation of closed head trauma. American Journal of Neuroradiology, 9, 91–100.
32. Goldstein K (1939) The Organism: A Holistic Approach to Biology, Derived from Pathological Data in Man. American Book, New York.
33. Grafman J, Salazar A, Weingartner H, Vance S and Amin D (1986) The relationship of brain-tissue loss volume and lesion location to cognitive deficit. Journal of Neuroscience, 6, 301–307.
34. Hickox A and Sunderland A (1992) Questionnaire and checklist approaches to assessment of everyday memory problems. In: A Handbook of Neuropsychological Assessment (Eds JR Crawford, DM Parker and WW McKinlay), pp. 103–113. LEA, Hove.
35. Irle E (1987) Lesions size and recovery of function: some new perspectives. Brain Research Reviews, 12, 307–320.
36. Irle E (1990) An analysis of the correlation of lesions size, localisation and behavioural effects in 283 published studies of cortical and subcortical lesions in old-world monkeys. Brain Research Reviews, 15, 181–213.
37. Isaacson RL (1975) The myth of recovery from early brain damage. In: Aberrant Development in Infancy (Ed. NR Ellis), pp. 1–25. LEA, Hillsdale, New Jersey.
38. Jenkins A, Hadley MDM, Teasdale G, Macpherson P and Rowan JO (1986) Brain lesions detected by magnetic resonance imaging in mild and severe head injury. Lancet, ii, 445–446.
39. Kaas JH (1991) Plasticity of sensory and motor maps in adult mammals. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 14, 137–167.
40. Kennard MA (1942) Cortical reorganization of motor function: Studies on a series of monkeys of various ages from infancy to maturity. AMA Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, 48, 227–240.
41. Kertesz A, Black SE, Nicholson L and Carr T (1987) The sensitivity and specificity of MRI in stroke. Neurology, 37, 1580–1585.
42. Kimura D (1987) Are men’s and women’s brains really different? Canadian Psychologist, 28, 133–147.
43. Kopelman MD (1995) The assessment of psychogenic amnesia. In: Handbook of Memory Disorders (Eds AD Baddeley, BA Wilson and FN Watts), pp. 427–448. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
44. Koudstaal PJ, van Gijn J, Lodder J, Frenken WGM, Vermeulen M, Franke CL, Hijdra A and Bulens C (1991) Transient ischemic attacks with and without a relevant infarct on computed tomographic scans cannot be distinguished clinically. Archives of Neurology, 48, 916–920.
45. Le Vay S (1991) A difference in hypothalamic structure between heterosexual and homosexual men. Science, 253, 1031–1033.
46. Levin HS, Amparo E, Eisenberg HM, Williams DH, High WM, McArdle CB and Weiner RL (1987) Magnetic resonance imaging and computerized tomography in relation to neurobehavioural sequelae of mild and moderate head injuries. Journal of Neurosurgery, 66, 706–713.
47. Lopez OL, Becker JT, Jungreis CA, Rezek D, Estol C, Boller F and De Kosky ST (1995) Computed tomography – but not magnetic resonance imaging – identified periventricular white-matter lesions predict symptomatic cerebrovascular disease in probable Alzheimer’s disease. Archives of Neurology, 52, 659–664.
48. Lucchelli F, De Renzi E, Perani D and Fazio F (1994) Primary amnesia of insidious onset with subsequent stabilisation. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 57, 1366–1370.
49. Marko witsch HJ (1984) Can amnesia be caused by damage of a single brain structure? Cortex, 20, 27–45.
50. Markowitsch HJ (1988) Individual differences in memory performance and the brain. In: Information Processing by the Brain (Ed. HJ Markowitsch), pp. 124–148. Huber, Toronto.
51. Markowitsch HJ, Kessler J and Streicher M (1985) Consequences of serial cortical, hippocampal, and thalamic lesions and of different lengths of overtraining on the acquisition and retention of learning tasks. Behavioral Neuroscience, 99, 233–256.
52. Markus HS, Bunker CB, Kouris K, Costa DC and Harrison MJ (1992) rCBF abnormalities detected, and sequentially followed by SPECT in neuro-Behcet’s syndrome with normal CT and MRI imaging. Journal of Neurology, 239, 363–366.
53. Masdeu JC, Van Heertum RL, Kleiman A, Anselmi G, Kissani K, Horng J, Yudd A, Luck D and Grundman M (1994) Early single-photon emission computed tomography in mild head trauma. Journal of Neuroimaging, 4, 177–181.
54. Massaro AR, Sacco RL, Mohr JP, Foulkes MA, Tatemichi TK, Price TR, Hier DB and Wolf PA (1991) Clinical discriminators of lobar and deep hemorrhages: The stroke data bank. Neurology, 41, 1881–1885.
55. Mayes A and Warburg R (1992) Memory assessment in clinical practice and research. In: A Handbook of Neuropsychological Assessment (Eds JR Crawford, DM Parker and WW McKinlay), pp. 73–101. LEA, Hove.
56. McGlone J (1980) Sex differences in human brain asymmetry: a critical survey. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3, 215–263.
57. Meier MJ, Strauman S and Thompson WG (1987) Individual differences in neuropsychological recovery: an overview. In: Neuropsychological Rehabilitation (Eds MJ Meier, AL Benton and L Diller), pp. 71–110. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.
58. Meyer PM (1973) Introduction. In: Cortical Functioning in Behavior (Ed. GM French), pp. 116–129. Scott, Foresman, Glenview, Illinois.
59. Pappata S, Chabriat H, Levasseur M, Legault-Demare F, and Baron JC (1994) Marchiafava-Bignami disease with dementia: Severe cerebral metabolic depression revealed by PET. Journal of Neural Transmission [P-D Section], 8, 131–137.
60. Parkin AJ, Miller J and Vincent R (1987) Multiple neuropsychological deficits due to anoxic encephalopathy: a case study. Cortex, 23, 655–665.
61. Peper M, Seier U, Krieger D and Markowitsch HJ (1991) Impairment of memory in a patient with reversible bilateral thalamic lesions due to internal cerebral vein thrombosis. Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, 2, 155–162.
62. Pfefferbaum A, Sullivan EV, Rosenbloom MJ, Shear PK, Mathalon DK and Lim KO (1993) Increase in brain cerebrospinal fluid volume is greater in older than in younger alcoholic patients: a replication study and CT/MRI comparison. Psychiatry Research, 50, 257–274.
63. Rauch RA and Jenkins R (1996) Variability of corpus callosal area measurements from midsagittal MR images: effect of subject placement within the scanner. American Journal of Neuroradiology, 17, 27–28.
64. Richardson JTE (1990) Clinical and Neuropsychological Aspects of Closed Head Injury. Taylor & Francis, London.
65. Rimel RW, Giordani B, Barth JT, Boll TJ and Jane JA (1981) Disability caused by minor head injury. Neurosurgery, 9, 221–228.
66. Rothi LJ and Horner J (1983) Restitution and substitution: Two theories of recovery with application to neurobehavioral treatment. Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 5, 73–81.
67. Ruff RM, Crouch JA, Troster AI, Marshall LF, Buchsbaum MS, Lottenberg S and Somers LM (1994) Selected cases of poor outcome following a minor brain trauma: comparing neuropsychological and positron emission tomography assessment. Brain Injury, 8, 297–308.
68. Schlaug G, Knorr U and Seitz RJ (1994) Inter-subject variability of cerebral activations in acquiring a motor skill: a study with positron emission tomography. Experimental Brain Research, 98, 523–524.
69. Schneider GE (1979) Is it really better to have your brain lesion early? A revision of the “Kennard principle”. Neuropsychologia, 17, 557–583.
70. Shores A, Kraiuhin C, Zurynski Y, Singer A, Gordon E, Marosszeky J and Fearnside MR (1990) Neuropsychological assessment and brain imaging technologies in evaluation of the sequelae of blunt head injury. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 24, 133–138.
71. Snoek J, Jennett B, Adams JH, Graham D and Doyle D (1979) Computerized tomography after recent severe head injury in patients without acute intracranial hematoma. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 42, 215–225.
72. Snow RB, Zimmermann RD, Gandy SE, and Deck MDF (1986) Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in the evaluation of head injury. Neurosurgery, 18, 45–52.
73. Starkstern SE, Berthier ML, Fedoroff P, Price TR and Robinson RG (1990) Anosognosia and major depression in 2 patients with cerebrovascular lesions. Neurology, 40, 1380–1382.
74. Stein DG (1987) Contextual factors in recovery from brain damage. In: Neuropsychological Rehabilitation (Eds AL Christensen and BP Uzzell), pp. 1–18. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston.
75. Strub RL (1989) Frontal lobe syndrome in a patient with bilateral globus pallidus lesions. Archives of Neurology, 46, 1024–1027.
76. Szelies B, Herholz K, Pawlik G, Karbe H, Herbold I and Heiss WD (1991) Widespread functional effects of discrete thalamic infarction. Archives of Neurology, 48, 178–182.
77. Takamura Y, Uede T, Igarashi K and Tatewaki K (1995). Magnetic resonance imaging of supratentorial and parafalcial empyema. No Shinkei Geka, 23, 61–64.
78. Tamura A, Tahira Y, Nagashima H, Kirino T, Gotoh O, Hojo S and Sano K (1991) Thalamic atrophy following cerebral infarction in the territory of the middle cerebral artery. Stroke, 22, 615–618.
79. Teasdale G, Skene A, Parker L and Jennett B (1979) Age and outcome of severe head injury. Acta Neurochirurgica, 28 Suppl, 140–143.
80. Van Zomeren AH and Van den Burg W (1985) Residual complaints of patients two years after severe head injury. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 48, 21–28.
81. Volpe BT and Petito CK (1985) Dementia with bilateral medial temporal lobe ischemia. Neurology, 35, 1793–1797.
82. Volpe BT, Holzman JD and Hirst W (1986) Further characterization of patients with amnesia after cardiac arrest: Preserved recognition memory. Neurology, 36, 408–411.
83. Zuccarello M, Facco E, Zampieri P, Zanardi L and Andrioli GC (1985) Severe head injury in children: early prognosis and outcome. Child's Nervous System, 1, 158–162.