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2) dimension. It can be adjusted to be, in general, optimal for the time course of the particular system under study, subject to the limits imposed by the sensitivity and resolution requirements of the system. In addition, intermediates will only be detectable if their resonances are resolved and distinct from those of the other states and if the rate constants for their formation and disappearance result in a significant population of a given species.
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33
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10544226972
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note
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2), and that the number of molecules that interconvert in this time is small compared to the total number, they can be treated as independent species (22); because the acquisition time in the present experiment is 213 ms, this independence clearly applies to the denatured and native states considered here.
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34
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10544243060
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note
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The total intrinsic fluorescence intensity between 340 and 360 nm was measured with a Hitachi F4010 luminescence spectrometer after manual mixing. The excitation wavelength was 278 nm.
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2O. The first scan for the HSQC during the folding event was started 5 s after the injection to ensure that mixing was complete. All three data sets were recorded with the gradient-enhanced method (24), using identical acquisition parameters and the States method for phase sensitivity in F1 (25). A minimal phase cycling of 2 was used to keep contributions of changes of the interconverting species in corresponding scans below the signal-to-noise level. We used 512 and 48 complex points of the recorded spectrum in F2 and F1, respectively, and spectral widths were 9615 Hz (F2) and 2404 Hz (F1). For all spectra, 90°- (F2) and 60°- (F1) shifted squared sinebell window functions were applied. Spectra presented are averages over three experiments. All NMR spectra were recorded with a home-built NMR spectrometer operating at 600.2 MHz and were processed with the use of FELIX (Biosym Technologies, San Diego, CA).
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note
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We thank S. L. Winder and P. J. Hore for help in developing the rapid mixing device. J.B., V.F., and N.A.J.v.N. were supported by the Human Capital and Mobility Programme of the European Community. K.B. is supported by a grant from NIH. The Oxford Centre for Molecular Sciences is supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, and Medical Research Council (UK). C.M.D. is supported in part by an International Research Scholars award from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
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