메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 40, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 687-694

Is docosahexaenoic acid necessary in infant formula? Evaluation of high linolenate diets in the neonatal rat

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARACHIDONIC ACID; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; LINOLEIC ACID; LINOLENIC ACID; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID;

EID: 0029858805     PISSN: 00313998     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1203/00006450-199611000-00007     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (51)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 0000208605 scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids: Molecular and biochemical aspects
    • Spiller GA, Scala J (eds) Alan R Liss, New York
    • Salem Jr N 1989 Omega-3 fatty acids: molecular and biochemical aspects. In: Spiller GA, Scala J (eds) New Protective Roles for Selected Nutrients. Alan R Liss, New York, pp 109-228
    • (1989) New Protective Roles for Selected Nutrients , pp. 109-228
    • Salem Jr., N.1
  • 2
    • 0027357347 scopus 로고
    • Are ω3 fatty acids essential nutrients for mammals?
    • Simopoulos AP (ed) S. Karger, Basel, Switzerland
    • Salem Jr N, Ward G, 1993 Are ω3 fatty acids essential nutrients for mammals? In: Simopoulos AP (ed) Nutrition and Fitness in Health and Disease. S. Karger, Basel, Switzerland, pp 128-147
    • (1993) Nutrition and Fitness in Health and Disease , pp. 128-147
    • Salem Jr., N.1    Ward, G.2
  • 3
    • 0002006158 scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid: Membrane function and metabolism
    • Simopoulos AP, Kifer RR, Martin RE (eds) Academic Press, New York
    • Salem Jr N, Kim H-Y, Yergey JA 1986 Docosahexaenoic acid: membrane function and metabolism. In: Simopoulos AP, Kifer RR, Martin RE (eds) Health Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Seafoods. Academic Press, New York, pp 263-317
    • (1986) Health Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Seafoods , pp. 263-317
    • Salem Jr., N.1    Kim, H.-Y.2    Yergey, J.A.3
  • 5
    • 0026538991 scopus 로고
    • Visual and brain function measurements in studies of n-3 fatty acid requirements of infants
    • Uauy R, Birch E, Birch D, Peirano P 1992 Visual and brain function measurements in studies of n-3 fatty acid requirements of infants. J Pediatr 120:S168-S180
    • (1992) J Pediatr , vol.120
    • Uauy, R.1    Birch, E.2    Birch, D.3    Peirano, P.4
  • 6
    • 0026048644 scopus 로고
    • Essential fatty acids in growth and development
    • Innis SM 1991 Essential fatty acids in growth and development. Prog Lipid Res 30:39-103
    • (1991) Prog Lipid Res , vol.30 , pp. 39-103
    • Innis, S.M.1
  • 7
    • 0016887420 scopus 로고
    • A possible essential role for dietary linolenic acid in the development of the young rat
    • Lamptey MS. Walker BL 1976 A possible essential role for dietary linolenic acid in the development of the young rat. J Nutr 106:86-93
    • (1976) J Nutr , vol.106 , pp. 86-93
    • Lamptey, M.S.1    Walker, B.L.2
  • 8
    • 0023098559 scopus 로고
    • Effect of dietary α-linolenate/linoleate balance on brain lipid compositions and learning ability of rats
    • Yamamoto N, Saitoh M, Moriuchi A, Nomura M, Okuyama H, 1987 Effect of dietary α-linolenate/linoleate balance on brain lipid compositions and learning ability of rats. J Lipid Res 28:144-151
    • (1987) J Lipid Res , vol.28 , pp. 144-151
    • Yamamoto, N.1    Saitoh, M.2    Moriuchi, A.3    Nomura, M.4    Okuyama, H.5
  • 9
    • 0016822781 scopus 로고
    • Visual membranes: Specificity of fatty acid precursors for the electrical response to illumination
    • Wheeler TG, Benolken RM, Anderson RE 1975 Visual membranes: specificity of fatty acid precursors for the electrical response to illumination. Science 188:1312-1314
    • (1975) Science , vol.188 , pp. 1312-1314
    • Wheeler, T.G.1    Benolken, R.M.2    Anderson, R.E.3
  • 10
    • 0022445141 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical and functional effects of prenatal and postnatal ω3 fatty acid deficiency
    • Neuringer M, Connor WE, Lin DS, Barstad L, Luck S 1986 Biochemical and functional effects of prenatal and postnatal ω3 fatty acid deficiency. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:4021-4025
    • (1986) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.83 , pp. 4021-4025
    • Neuringer, M.1    Connor, W.E.2    Lin, D.S.3    Barstad, L.4    Luck, S.5
  • 11
    • 0025167727 scopus 로고
    • Effect of dietary ω-3 fatty acids on retinal function of very-low-birth-weight neonates
    • Uauy R, Birch DG, Birch E, Tyson JE, Hoffman DR 1990 Effect of dietary ω-3 fatty acids on retinal function of very-low-birth-weight neonates. Pediatr Res 28:485-492
    • (1990) Pediatr Res , vol.28 , pp. 485-492
    • Uauy, R.1    Birch, D.G.2    Birch, E.3    Tyson, J.E.4    Hoffman, D.R.5
  • 12
    • 0023025573 scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid status of preterm infants at birth and following feeding with human milk or formula
    • Carlson SE, Rhodes PG, Ferguson M 1986 Docosahexaenoic acid status of preterm infants at birth and following feeding with human milk or formula. Am J Clin Nutr 44:798-804
    • (1986) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.44 , pp. 798-804
    • Carlson, S.E.1    Rhodes, P.G.2    Ferguson, M.3
  • 14
    • 0028696419 scopus 로고
    • Growth and development of premature infants in relation to ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acid status
    • Carlson SE, Werkman SH, Peoples JM, Wilson III WM 1994 Growth and development of premature infants in relation to ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acid status. World Rev Nutr Diet 75:63-69
    • (1994) World Rev Nutr Diet , vol.75 , pp. 63-69
    • Carlson, S.E.1    Werkman, S.H.2    Peoples, J.M.3    Wilson III, W.M.4
  • 15
    • 0018104724 scopus 로고
    • Feeding in infancy and later ability and attainment: A longitudinal study
    • Rogers B 1978 Feeding in infancy and later ability and attainment: a longitudinal study. Dev Med Child Neurol 20:421-426
    • (1978) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.20 , pp. 421-426
    • Rogers, B.1
  • 16
    • 0021351780 scopus 로고
    • Breast feeding and child development at five years
    • Taylor B Wadsworth J 1984 Breast feeding and child development at five years. Dev Med Child Neurol 26:73
    • (1984) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.26 , pp. 73
    • Taylor, B.1    Wadsworth, J.2
  • 17
    • 0026505553 scopus 로고
    • Breast milk and subsequent intelligence quotient in children born preterm
    • Lucas A, Morley R, Cole TJ, Lister G, Leeson-Payne C 1992 Breast milk and subsequent intelligence quotient in children born preterm. Lancet 339:261-264
    • (1992) Lancet , vol.339 , pp. 261-264
    • Lucas, A.1    Morley, R.2    Cole, T.J.3    Lister, G.4    Leeson-Payne, C.5
  • 18
    • 0029023422 scopus 로고
    • Are long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids essential nutrients in infancy?
    • Makrides M, Neuman M, Simmer K, Pater J, Gibson R 1995 Are long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids essential nutrients in infancy? Lancet 345:1463-1468
    • (1995) Lancet , vol.345 , pp. 1463-1468
    • Makrides, M.1    Neuman, M.2    Simmer, K.3    Pater, J.4    Gibson, R.5
  • 19
    • 0026590825 scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid in developing brain and retina of piglets fed high or low α-linolenate formula with and without fish oil
    • Arbuckle LD, Innis SM 1992 Docosahexaenoic acid in developing brain and retina of piglets fed high or low α-linolenate formula with and without fish oil. Lipids 27:89-93
    • (1992) Lipids , vol.27 , pp. 89-93
    • Arbuckle, L.D.1    Innis, S.M.2
  • 20
    • 0026534481 scopus 로고
    • Determination of the optimal ratio of linoleic acid to α-linolenic acid in infant formulas
    • Clark KJ, Makrides M, Neumann MA, Gibson RA 1992 Determination of the optimal ratio of linoleic acid to α-linolenic acid in infant formulas. J Pediatr 120:S151-S158
    • (1992) J Pediatr , vol.120
    • Clark, K.J.1    Makrides, M.2    Neumann, M.A.3    Gibson, R.A.4
  • 21
    • 0019744326 scopus 로고
    • Essential fatty acid requirements in pregnancy and lactation with special reference to brain development
    • Crawford MA, Hassam AG, Stevens PA 1981 Essential fatty acid requirements in pregnancy and lactation with special reference to brain development. Prog Lipid Res 20:31-40
    • (1981) Prog Lipid Res , vol.20 , pp. 31-40
    • Crawford, M.A.1    Hassam, A.G.2    Stevens, P.A.3
  • 22
    • 0018372689 scopus 로고
    • Comparative aspects of the brain growth spurt
    • Dobbing J, Sands J 1979 Comparative aspects of the brain growth spurt. Early Hum Dev 3:79-83
    • (1979) Early Hum Dev , vol.3 , pp. 79-83
    • Dobbing, J.1    Sands, J.2
  • 23
    • 0028387997 scopus 로고
    • Taurine and GABA in the rat retina during postnatal development
    • Lake N, 1994 Taurine and GABA in the rat retina during postnatal development. Vis Neurosci 11:253-260
    • (1994) Vis Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 253-260
    • Lake, N.1
  • 25
    • 0019740046 scopus 로고
    • Artificial rearing of preweanling rats: The effectiveness of direct intragastric feeding
    • Diaz J, Moore E, Petracca F, Schacher J, Stamper C 1981 Artificial rearing of preweanling rats: the effectiveness of direct intragastric feeding. Physiol Behav 27:1103-1105
    • (1981) Physiol Behav , vol.27 , pp. 1103-1105
    • Diaz, J.1    Moore, E.2    Petracca, F.3    Schacher, J.4    Stamper, C.5
  • 26
    • 0019946059 scopus 로고
    • Artificial rearing of rat pups with a protein enriched formula
    • Diaz J, Moore E, Petracca F, Stamper C 1982 Artificial rearing of rat pups with a protein enriched formula. J Nutr 112:841-847
    • (1982) J Nutr , vol.112 , pp. 841-847
    • Diaz, J.1    Moore, E.2    Petracca, F.3    Stamper, C.4
  • 27
    • 0021019366 scopus 로고
    • Somatic and central nervous system growth in artificially reared rat pups
    • Diaz J, Moore E, Petracca F, Stamper C, 1983 Somatic and central nervous system growth in artificially reared rat pups. Brain Res Bull 11:643-647
    • (1983) Brain Res Bull , vol.11 , pp. 643-647
    • Diaz, J.1    Moore, E.2    Petracca, F.3    Stamper, C.4
  • 28
    • 0023120811 scopus 로고
    • Growth and development of rats artificially reared on rats' milk or rats' milk/milk-substitute combinations
    • Tonkiss JL, Smart J, Massey RF 1987 Growth and development of rats artificially reared on rats' milk or rats' milk/milk-substitute combinations. Br J Nutr 57:3-11
    • (1987) Br J Nutr , vol.57 , pp. 3-11
    • Tonkiss, J.L.1    Smart, J.2    Massey, R.F.3
  • 29
    • 0020808267 scopus 로고
    • Small intestines of artificially reared rat pups: Weight gain and changes in alkaline phosphatase, lactase and sucrase activities during development
    • Yeh Y-Y 1983 Small intestines of artificially reared rat pups: weight gain and changes in alkaline phosphatase, lactase and sucrase activities during development. J Nutr 113:1489-1495
    • (1983) J Nutr , vol.113 , pp. 1489-1495
    • Yeh, Y.-Y.1
  • 30
    • 0028146936 scopus 로고
    • Linolenic acid provides a source of docosahexaenoic acid for artificially reared rat pups
    • Winters BL, Yeh S-M, Yeh Y-Y 1994 Linolenic acid provides a source of docosahexaenoic acid for artificially reared rat pups. J Nutr 124:1654-1659
    • (1994) J Nutr , vol.124 , pp. 1654-1659
    • Winters, B.L.1    Yeh, S.-M.2    Yeh, Y.-Y.3
  • 31
    • 0027601191 scopus 로고
    • Appearance of cGMP-phosphodiesterase immunoreactivity parallels the morphological differentiation of photoreceptor outer segments in the rat retina
    • Colombaioni L, Strettoi E, 1993 Appearance of cGMP-phosphodiesterase immunoreactivity parallels the morphological differentiation of photoreceptor outer segments in the rat retina. Vis Neurosci 10:395-402
    • (1993) Vis Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 395-402
    • Colombaioni, L.1    Strettoi, E.2
  • 32
    • 0023816503 scopus 로고
    • ω-3 Fatty acids in hypertriglyceridemic patients: Triglycerides vs methyl esters
    • Harris WS, Zucker ML, Dujovne A 1988 ω-3 Fatty acids in hypertriglyceridemic patients: triglycerides vs methyl esters. Am J Clin Nutr 48:992-997
    • (1988) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.48 , pp. 992-997
    • Harris, W.S.1    Zucker, M.L.2    Dujovne, A.3
  • 33
    • 0023603233 scopus 로고
    • Intake of eicosapentaenoic acid-containing lipids and fatty acid pattern of plasma lipids in the rat
    • Hamazaki T, Urakaze M, Makuta M, Ozawa A, Soda Y, Tatsumi H, Yano S, Kumagai A. 1987 Intake of eicosapentaenoic acid-containing lipids and fatty acid pattern of plasma lipids in the rat. Lipids 22:994-998
    • (1987) Lipids , vol.22 , pp. 994-998
    • Hamazaki, T.1    Urakaze, M.2    Makuta, M.3    Ozawa, A.4    Soda, Y.5    Tatsumi, H.6    Yano, S.7    Kumagai, A.8
  • 34
    • 0002094877 scopus 로고
    • Nutrition
    • Foster HL, Small JD, Fox JG (eds) Academic Press, New York
    • Knapka JJ 1983 Nutrition. In: Foster HL, Small JD, Fox JG (eds) The Mouse in Biomedical Research, Vol. III. Academic Press, New York, pp 51-67
    • (1983) The Mouse in Biomedical Research , vol.3 , pp. 51-67
    • Knapka, J.J.1
  • 35
    • 0019918588 scopus 로고
    • Infant gastrostomy and chronic formula infusion as a technique to overfeed and accelerate weight gain of neonatal rats
    • West D, Diaz J, Woods S 1982 Infant gastrostomy and chronic formula infusion as a technique to overfeed and accelerate weight gain of neonatal rats. J Nutr 112:1339-1343
    • (1982) J Nutr , vol.112 , pp. 1339-1343
    • West, D.1    Diaz, J.2    Woods, S.3
  • 36
    • 0030064623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Artificial rearing of infant rats on milk formula deficient in n-3 essential fatty acids: A rapid method for the production of experimental n-3 deficiency
    • Ward G, Reyzer M and Salem Jr N 1996 Artificial rearing of infant rats on milk formula deficient in n-3 essential fatty acids: a rapid method for the production of experimental n-3 deficiency. Lipids 31:71-77
    • (1996) Lipids , vol.31 , pp. 71-77
    • Ward, G.1    Reyzer, M.2    Salem Jr., N.3
  • 37
    • 0016720070 scopus 로고
    • Weaning and growth of artificially reared rats
    • Hall W 1975 Weaning and growth of artificially reared rats. Science 190:1313-1315
    • (1975) Science , vol.190 , pp. 1313-1315
    • Hall, W.1
  • 38
    • 33845261493 scopus 로고
    • A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification
    • Bligh EG, Dyer WJ, 1959 A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can J Biochem Physiol 37:911-917
    • (1959) Can J Biochem Physiol , vol.37 , pp. 911-917
    • Bligh, E.G.1    Dyer, W.J.2
  • 39
    • 4243190715 scopus 로고
    • Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters and dimethylacetals from lipids with boron-fluoride-methanol
    • Morrison WR, Smith LM 1959 Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters and dimethylacetals from lipids with boron-fluoride-methanol. J Lipid Res 5:600-608
    • (1959) J Lipid Res , vol.5 , pp. 600-608
    • Morrison, W.R.1    Smith, L.M.2
  • 40
    • 0025010941 scopus 로고
    • Artificial rearing of rat pups using rat milk
    • Moore E, Stamper C, Diaz J 1990 Artificial rearing of rat pups using rat milk. Dev Psychobiol 23:169-178
    • (1990) Dev Psychobiol , vol.23 , pp. 169-178
    • Moore, E.1    Stamper, C.2    Diaz, J.3
  • 41
    • 0021134836 scopus 로고
    • Growth and development of rats artificially reared on different milk-substitutes
    • Smart JL, Stephens DN, Tonkiss J, Auestad NS, Edmond J 1984 Growth and development of rats artificially reared on different milk-substitutes. Br J Nutr 52:227-237
    • (1984) Br J Nutr , vol.52 , pp. 227-237
    • Smart, J.L.1    Stephens, D.N.2    Tonkiss, J.3    Auestad, N.S.4    Edmond, J.5
  • 42
    • 0020414309 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism in the artificially reared rat pup: Effect of an atypical rat milk substitute
    • Sonnenberg N, Bergstrom JD, Ha YH, Edmond J 1982 Metabolism in the artificially reared rat pup: effect of an atypical rat milk substitute. J Nutr 112:1506-1514
    • (1982) J Nutr , vol.112 , pp. 1506-1514
    • Sonnenberg, N.1    Bergstrom, J.D.2    Ha, Y.H.3    Edmond, J.4
  • 43
    • 0010233742 scopus 로고
    • Effect of dietary intake of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids on the fatty acid composition of human milk in North America
    • Jensen RG, Lammi-Keefe CJ, Henderson RA, Bush VJ, Ferris AM 1992 Effect of dietary intake of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids on the fatty acid composition of human milk in North America. J Pediatr 120:S87-S92
    • (1992) J Pediatr , vol.120
    • Jensen, R.G.1    Lammi-Keefe, C.J.2    Henderson, R.A.3    Bush, V.J.4    Ferris, A.M.5
  • 44
    • 0026555961 scopus 로고
    • The fatty acid composition of human milk in Europe and Africa
    • Koletzko B, Thiel I, Abiodun PO 1992 The fatty acid composition of human milk in Europe and Africa. J Pediatr 120:S62-S70
    • (1992) J Pediatr , vol.120
    • Koletzko, B.1    Thiel, I.2    Abiodun, P.O.3
  • 45
    • 0342337328 scopus 로고
    • Human milk and formula fatty acids
    • Innis SM 1992 Human milk and formula fatty acids. J Pediatr 120:S56-S61
    • (1992) J Pediatr , vol.120
    • Innis, S.M.1
  • 46
    • 0024263592 scopus 로고
    • Long chain n-3 fatty acids in breast milk of Inuit women consuming traditional foods
    • Innis SM, Kuhnlein HV 1988 Long chain n-3 fatty acids in breast milk of Inuit women consuming traditional foods. Early Hum Dev 18:185-189
    • (1988) Early Hum Dev , vol.18 , pp. 185-189
    • Innis, S.M.1    Kuhnlein, H.V.2
  • 47
    • 0021186576 scopus 로고
    • Will dietary ω-3 fatty acids change the composition of human milk?
    • Harris WS, Connor WE, Lindsey BS 1984 Will dietary ω-3 fatty acids change the composition of human milk? Am J Clin Nutr 40:780-785
    • (1984) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.40 , pp. 780-785
    • Harris, W.S.1    Connor, W.E.2    Lindsey, B.S.3
  • 48
    • 0025297689 scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid composition of milk from genetically normotensive and hypertensive rats
    • Mills DE, Ward RP, Huang YS 1990 Fatty acid composition of milk from genetically normotensive and hypertensive rats. J Nutr 120:431-435
    • (1990) J Nutr , vol.120 , pp. 431-435
    • Mills, D.E.1    Ward, R.P.2    Huang, Y.S.3
  • 49
    • 0021196214 scopus 로고
    • The influence of a maternal diet rich in linoleic acid on brain and retinal docosahexaenoic acid in the rat
    • Sanders TAB, Mistry M, Naismith DJ 1984 The influence of a maternal diet rich in linoleic acid on brain and retinal docosahexaenoic acid in the rat. Br J Nutr 51:57-66
    • (1984) Br J Nutr , vol.51 , pp. 57-66
    • Sanders, T.A.B.1    Mistry, M.2    Naismith, D.J.3
  • 50
    • 0027155487 scopus 로고
    • Maternal dietary fish oil enriches docosahexaenoate levels in brain subcellular fractions of offspring
    • Yeh Y-Y, Gehman MF, Yeh S-M 1993 Maternal dietary fish oil enriches docosahexaenoate levels in brain subcellular fractions of offspring. J Neurosci Res 35:218-226
    • (1993) J Neurosci Res , vol.35 , pp. 218-226
    • Yeh, Y.-Y.1    Gehman, M.F.2    Yeh, S.-M.3
  • 51
    • 0016300817 scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid composition of liver lipids during development of rat
    • Sinclair AJ 1974 Fatty acid composition of liver lipids during development of rat. Lipids 9:809-818
    • (1974) Lipids , vol.9 , pp. 809-818
    • Sinclair, A.J.1
  • 52
    • 0016635198 scopus 로고
    • Incorporation of radioactive polyunsaturated fatty acids into liver and brain of developing rat
    • Sinclair AJ 1975 Incorporation of radioactive polyunsaturated fatty acids into liver and brain of developing rat. Lipids 10:175-184
    • (1975) Lipids , vol.10 , pp. 175-184
    • Sinclair, A.J.1
  • 53
    • 0000475264 scopus 로고
    • Alteration of the fatty acid composition of brain lipids by varying levels of dietary essential fatty acids
    • Mohrhauer H, Holman RT 1963 Alteration of the fatty acid composition of brain lipids by varying levels of dietary essential fatty acids. J Neurochem 10:523-530
    • (1963) J Neurochem , vol.10 , pp. 523-530
    • Mohrhauer, H.1    Holman, R.T.2
  • 54
    • 0025060923 scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid is the preferred dietary n-3 fatty acid for the development of the brain and retina
    • Anderson GJ, Connor WE, Corliss JD 1990 Docosahexaenoic acid is the preferred dietary n-3 fatty acid for the development of the brain and retina. Pediatr Res 27:89-97
    • (1990) Pediatr Res , vol.27 , pp. 89-97
    • Anderson, G.J.1    Connor, W.E.2    Corliss, J.D.3
  • 55
    • 0019763294 scopus 로고
    • Unanswered questions in EFA and PG research
    • Willis AL 1981 Unanswered questions in EFA and PG research. Prog Lipid Res 20:839-850
    • (1981) Prog Lipid Res , vol.20 , pp. 839-850
    • Willis, A.L.1
  • 56
    • 0030058372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids are biosynthesized from their 18-carbon precursors in human infants
    • Salem Jr N, Wegher B, Mena P, Uauy R 1996 Arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids are biosynthesized from their 18-carbon precursors in human infants. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:49-54
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 49-54
    • Salem Jr., N.1    Wegher, B.2    Mena, P.3    Uauy, R.4
  • 57
    • 0030027009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemical effects of dietary linoleic/α-linolenic acid ratio in term infants
    • Jensen CL, Chen H, Fraley JK, Anderson RE, Heird WC 1996 Biochemical effects of dietary linoleic/α-linolenic acid ratio in term infants. Lipids 31:107-113
    • (1996) Lipids , vol.31 , pp. 107-113
    • Jensen, C.L.1    Chen, H.2    Fraley, J.K.3    Anderson, R.E.4    Heird, W.C.5
  • 58
    • 0039646689 scopus 로고
    • Recommendations for intakes of unsaturated fatty acids
    • Chapman & Hall, London, UK
    • Report of the British Nutrition Foundation's Task Force 1992 Recommendations for intakes of unsaturated fatty acids. In: Unsaturated Fatty Acids Nutritional and Physiological Significance. Chapman & Hall, London, UK, pp 152-163
    • (1992) Unsaturated Fatty Acids Nutritional and Physiological Significance , pp. 152-163
  • 59
    • 0025868258 scopus 로고
    • Comment on the content and composition of lipids in infant formulas
    • ESPGAN Committee on Nutrition 1991 Comment on the content and composition of lipids in infant formulas. Acta Pediatr Scand 80:887-896
    • (1991) Acta Pediatr Scand , vol.80 , pp. 887-896
  • 60
    • 0029284019 scopus 로고
    • Recommendations for the essential fatty acid requirement for infant formulas
    • ISSFAL Board Statement 1995 Recommendations for the essential fatty acid requirement for infant formulas. J Am Coll Nutr 14:213-214
    • (1995) J Am Coll Nutr , vol.14 , pp. 213-214
  • 61
    • 0008058213 scopus 로고
    • Effect of vegetable and marine oils in preterm infant formulas on blood arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids
    • Carlson SE, Cooke RJ, Rhodes PG, Peeples JM, Werkman SH 1992 Effect of vegetable and marine oils in preterm infant formulas on blood arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids. J Pediatr 120:S 159:167
    • (1992) J Pediatr , vol.120
    • Carlson, S.E.1    Cooke, R.J.2    Rhodes, P.G.3    Peeples, J.M.4    Werkman, S.H.5
  • 63
    • 10344241551 scopus 로고
    • Fats and Oils in Human Nutrition
    • Report of a Joint Expert Consultation, Chap. 7, FAO, Rome
    • FAO/WHO 1994 Fats and Oils in Human Nutrition, Report of a Joint Expert Consultation, Chap. 7, Lipids in Early Development, Food and Nutrition Paper No. 57. FAO, Rome
    • (1994) Lipids in Early Development, Food and Nutrition Paper No. 57
  • 65
    • 0028021727 scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid composition of brain, retina, and erythrocytes in breast- And formula-fed infants
    • Makrides M, Neumann MA, Byard RW, Simmer K, Gibson RA 1994 Fatty acid composition of brain, retina, and erythrocytes in breast- and formula-fed infants. Am J Clin Nutr 60:189-194
    • (1994) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.60 , pp. 189-194
    • Makrides, M.1    Neumann, M.A.2    Byard, R.W.3    Simmer, K.4    Gibson, R.A.5
  • 66
    • 0025992888 scopus 로고
    • Long-term feeding of formulas high in linolenic acid and marine oil to very low birth weight infants: Phospholipid fatty acids
    • Carlson SE, Cooke RJ, Rhodes PG, Peeples JM, Werkman SH, Tolley EA 1991 Long-term feeding of formulas high in linolenic acid and marine oil to very low birth weight infants: phospholipid fatty acids. Pediatr Res 30:404-412
    • (1991) Pediatr Res , vol.30 , pp. 404-412
    • Carlson, S.E.1    Cooke, R.J.2    Rhodes, P.G.3    Peeples, J.M.4    Werkman, S.H.5    Tolley, E.A.6
  • 67
    • 0026480375 scopus 로고
    • Essentiality of dietary ω-3 fatty acids for premature infants: Plasma and red blood cell fatty acid composition
    • Hoffman DR, Uauy R 1992 Essentiality of dietary ω-3 fatty acids for premature infants: plasma and red blood cell fatty acid composition. Lipids 27:886-895
    • (1992) Lipids , vol.27 , pp. 886-895
    • Hoffman, D.R.1    Uauy, R.2
  • 68
    • 0025190127 scopus 로고
    • Effect of a vegetable oil formula rich in linoleic acid on tissue fatty acid accretion in the brain, liver, plasma, and erythrocytes of infant piglets
    • Hrboticky N, MacKinnon MJ, Innis SM 1990 Effect of a vegetable oil formula rich in linoleic acid on tissue fatty acid accretion in the brain, liver, plasma, and erythrocytes of infant piglets. Am J Clin Nutr 51:173-182
    • (1990) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.51 , pp. 173-182
    • Hrboticky, N.1    MacKinnon, M.J.2    Innis, S.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.