Surgical management of stage I and II melanoma patients: Approach to the regional lymph node basin

Seminars in Surgical Oncology

Volumn 12, Issue 6, 1996, Pages 394-401

  Ross, Merrick I ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS   (United States)

^b Box 106 ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

elective lymph node dissection (ELND); lymph node excision; lymph nodes radionuclide imaging; lymphoscintigraphy; melanoma; sentinel lymph node

Indexed keywords

CLINICAL TRIAL; HUMAN; LYMPH NODE BIOPSY; LYMPH NODE DISSECTION; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; LYMPHOSCINTIGRAPHY; MELANOMA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; TREATMENT INDICATION;

BIOPSY; DISEASE-FREE SURVIVAL; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; LYMPH NODE EXCISION; LYMPH NODES; MALE; MELANOMA; MIDDLE AGED; MULTICENTER STUDIES; NEOPLASM RECURRENCE, LOCAL; PROGNOSIS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 0029850049     PISSN: 87560437     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2388(199611/12)12:6<394::AID-SSU4>3.0.CO;2-5     Document Type: Review

References (43)

1. Parker SL, Tong T, Bolden S, Wingo PA: Cancer statistics, 1996. CA 46:5-27, 1996.
2. Morton DL, Wen DR, Wong JH, et al: Technical details of intraoperative lymphatic mapping for early stage melanoma. Arch Surg 127:392-399, 1992.
3. Morton DL, Wen DR, Cochran AJ: Management of early-stage melanoma by intraoperative lymphatic mapping and selective lymphadenectomy or "watch and wait." Surg Oncol Clin North Am 1:247-259, 1992.
4. Reintgen D, Cruse CW, Wells K, et al: The orderly progression of melanoma nodal metastases. Ann Surg 220:759-767, 1994.
5. Ross MI, Reintgen D, Balch CM: Selective lymphadenectomy: emerging role for lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy in the management of early stage melanoma. Semin Surg Oncol 9:219-223, 1993.
6. Kirkwood JM, Strawderman MH, Ernstoff MS, et al: Interferon alfa-2b adjuvant therapy of high-risk resected cutaneous melanoma: the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Trial EST 1684. J Clin Oncol 14:7-17, 1996.
7. Balch CM, Murad TM, Soong SJ, et al: Tumor thickness as a guide to surgical management of clinical stage I melanoma patients. Cancer 43:883-888, 1979.
8. Balch CM, Cascinelli N, Milton GW, et al: Elective node dissection: pros and cons. In Balch CM, Milton GW (eds): "Cutaneous Melanoma: Clinical Management and Treatment Results Worldwide." Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1985, 131-158.
9. Balch CM: The role of elective lymph node dissection in melanoma: rationale, results and controversies. J Clin Oncol 6:163-172, 1988.
10. Reintgen DS, Cox EB, McCarty KS Jr, et al: Efficacy of elective lymph node dissection in patients with intermediate thickness primary melanoma. Ann Surg 198:379-384, 1983.
11. Wanebo HJ, Woodruff J, Former JG: Malignant melanoma of the extremities: a clinicopathologic study using levels of invasion (microstage). Cancer 35:666-676, 1975.
12. Elder DE, Guerry D IV, VanHorn M, et al: The rok of lymph node dissection for clinical state I malignant melanoma of intermediate thickness (1:51-3.99 mm). Cancer 56:413-418, 1985.
13. Drepper H, Kohler CO, Bastian B. et al: Benefit of elective lymph node dissection in subgroups of melanoma patients. Results of a multicenter study of 3616 patients. Cancer 72:741-749, 1993.
14. Rompel R, Garbe C, Buttner P. et al: Elective lymph node dissection in primary malignant melanoma: a matched-pair analysis. Melanoma Res 5:189-194, 1995.
15. Coates AS, Ingvar CI, Petersen-Schaefer K, et al: Elective lymph node dissection in patients with primary melanoma of the trunk and limbs treated at the Sydney Melanoma Unit from 1960-1991 [see comments]. J Am Coll Surg 180:402-409, 1995.
16. Slingluff CL Jr, Stidham KR, Ricci WM, et al: Surgical management of regional lymph nodes in patients with melanoma: experience with 4682 patients [see comments]. Ann Surg 219:120-130, 1994.
17. McCarthy WH, Shaw HM, Milton GW: Efficacy of elective lymph node dissection in 2,347 patients with clinical stage I malignant melanoma, Surg Gynecol Obstet 161:575-580, 1985.
18. Milton GW, Shaw HM, McCarthy WH, et al: Prophylactic lymph node dissection in clinical stage I cutaneous malignant melanoma: results of surgical treatment in 1319 patients. Br J Surg 69:108-111, 1982.
19. Balch CM, Soong SJ, Milton GW, et al: A comparison of prognostic factors and surgical results in 1,786 patients with localized (stage I) melanoma treated in Alabama, USA, and New South Wales, Australia. Ann Surg 1916:677-684, 1982.
20. Veronesi U, Adamus J, Bandiera DC, et al: Inefficacy of immediate node dissection in stage I melanoma of the limbs. N Engl J Med 297:627-630, 1977.
21. Veronesi U, Adamus J, Bandiera DC, et al: Delayed regional lymph node dissection in stage I melanoma of the skin of the lower extremities. Cancer 49:2420-2430, 1982.
22. Sim FH, Taylor WF, Pritchard DJ, Soule EH: Lymphadenectomy in the management of stage I malignant melanoma: a prospective randomized study. Mayo Clin Proc 61:697-705, 1986.
23. Balch CM, et al: A prospective randomized trial of 742 melanoma patients comparing the efficacy of elective node dissection (immediate) versus observation. Abstract presented at the American Surgical Association Meeting, Phoenix, AZ, April 17-20.
24. Thompson JF, McCarthy WH, Bosch CM, et al: Sentinel lymph node status as an indicator of the presence of metastatic melanoma in regional lymph nodes. Melanoma Res 5:255-260, 1995.
25. Sappey MP: Injection, preparation, et conservation des vaisseaux lymphatique. These pour le doctorat en medecine, no. 241 [dissertation]. Paris: Rignoux, Imprimeur de la Faculte de Medecine, 1843.
26. Norman J, Cruse CW, Espinosa C, et al: Redefinition of cutaneous lymphatic drainage with the use of lymphoscintigraphy for malignant melanoma. Am J Surg 162:432-437, 1991.
27. Meyer CM, Lecklitner ML, Logic JR, et al: Technetium-99m sulfurcolloid cutaneous lymphoscintigraphy in the management of truncal melanoma. Radiology 131:205-209, 1979.
28. Pijpers R, Collet GJ, Meijer S, Hoekstra OS: The impact of dynamic lymphoscintigraphy and gamma probe guidance on sentinel node biopsy in melanoma. Eur J Nucl Med 22:1238-1241, 1995.
29. Uren RF, Howman-Giles R, Thompson JF, et al: Lymphoscintigraphy to identify sentinel lymph nodes in patients with melanoma. Melanoma Res 4:395-399, 1994.
30. Hung JC, Wiseman GA, Wahner HW, et al: Filtered technetium-99m-sulfur colloid evaluated for lymphoscintigraphy. J Nucl Med 36:1895-1901, 1995.
31. Alex JC, Krag DN: Gamma-probe guided localization of lymph nodes. Surg Oncol 2:137-143, 1993.
32. Krag DN, Meijer SJ, Weaver DL, et al: Minimal-access surgery for staging of melanoma. Arch Surg 130:654-660, 1995.
33. Albertini JJ, Cruse CW, Rapaport D, et al: Intraoperative radiolympho-scintigraphy improves sentinel lymph node identification for patients with melanoma. Ann Surg 223:217-224, 1996.
34. th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society of Surgical Oncology; 1996 March 21-24; Atlanta (GA). Arlington Heights, IL: Society of Surgical Oncology, 1996:20, Abstract 59.
35. Reintgen DS, Albertini JJ, Berman C: Accurate nodal staging of malignant melanoma. Cancer Control: Journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center 2:405-414, 1995.
36. Robert MR, Wen DR, Cochran AJ: Pathological evaluation of the regional lymph nodes in malignant melanoma. Semin Diagn Pathol 10:102-115, 1993.
37. Lane N, Lattes R, Malm J: Clinicopathologic correlations in a series of 117 malignant melanomas of the skin of adults. Cancer 11:1025-1043, 1958.
38. Das Gupta TK: Results of treatment of 269 patients with primary cutaneous melanoma: a five-year prospective study. Ann Surg 186:201-209, 1977.
39. Wang X, Heller R, Van Voorhis N, et al: Detection of submicroscopic lymph node metastases with polymerase chain reaction in patients with malignant melanoma. Ann Surg 220:768-774, 1994.
40. Reintgen DS, Einstein A: The role of research in cost containment. Cancer Control: Journal of the Moffit Cancer Center 2:429-431, 1995.
41. Buzaid AC, Tinoco LA, Jendiroba D, et al: Prognostic value of size of lymph node metastases in patients with cutaneous melanoma. J Clin Oncol 13:2361-2368, 1995.
42. Slingluff CJ Jr, Vollmer R, Seigler H: Stage II malignant melanoma: presentation of a prognostic model and an assessment of specific active immunotherapy in 1,273 patients. J Surg Oncol 39:139-147, 1987.
43. Schneebaum S, Briele HA, Walker MJ, et al: Cutaneous thick melanoma. Prognosis and treatment. Arch Surg 122:707-711,1987.