Characterization of a cerebellar granule cell-specific gene encoding the γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor α6 subunit

Journal of Neurochemistry

Volumn 67, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 907-916

  Jones, Alison ^a   Bahn, Sabine ^a   Grant, Andrea L ^a   Köhler, Martin ^b,c   Wisden, William ^a  

^a MRC LABORATORY OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

^c OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cerebellum; Granule cell; Promoter; Transgenic mice; 6 subunit

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID A RECEPTOR; COMPLEMENTARY DNA; MESSENGER RNA; RECEPTOR SUBTYPE;

ALTERNATIVE RNA SPLICING; ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CELL SPECIFICITY; CEREBELLUM; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENE MAPPING; GENE STRUCTURE; GRANULE CELL; MALE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; RAT; REGULATOR GENE; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION; TRANSGENIC MOUSE;

ANIMALIA; MUS MUSCULUS;

EID: 0029848478     PISSN: 00223042     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67030907.x     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Allen N. D., Cran D. G., Barton S. C., Hettle S., Reik W., and Surani M. A. (1988) Transgenes as probes for active chromosomal domains in mouse development. Nature 333, 852-855.
2. Apte A. N. and Sichert P. D. (1993) Anchor-ligated cDNA libraries: a technique for generating a cDNA library for the immediate cloning of the 5′ ends of mRNAs. Biotechniques 15, 890-893.
3. A receptor heterogeneity is increased by alternative splicing of a novel β-subunit gene transcript. J. Neurochem. 56, 1437-1440.
4. Bateson A. N., Ultsch A., and Darlison M. G. (1995) Isolation and sequence analysis of the chicken GABAA receptor α1-subunit gene promoter. Gene 153, 243-247.
5. Blessing M., Zentgraf H., and Jorcano J. L. (1987) Differentially expressed bovine cytokeratin genes. Analysis of gene linkage and evolutionary conservation of 5′-upstream sequences. EMBO J. 6, 567-575.
6. Connor F., Wright E., Denny P., Koopman P., and Ashworth A. (1995) The Sty -related HMG box-containing gene Sox6 is expressed in the adult testis and developing nervous system of the mouse. Nucleic Acids Res. 23, 3365-3372.
7. Darlison M. G. and Albrecht B. E. (1995) GABAA receptor subtypes: which, where and why? Semin. Neurosci. 7, 115-126.
8. Ekker S. C., Jackson D. G., Kessler D. P. V., Sun B. I., Young K. E., and Beachy P. A. (1994) The degree of variation in DNA sequence recognition among four Drosophila homeotic proteins. EMBO J. 13, 3551-3560.
9. A-receptor heterogeneity in the adult rat brain: differential regional and cellular distribution of seven major subunits. J. Comp. Neurol. 359, 154-194.
10. Greger V., Knoll J. H. M., Woolf E., Glatt K., Tyndale R. F., DeLorey T. M., Olsen R. W., Tobin A. J., Sikela J. M., Nakatsu Y., Brilliant M. H., Whiting P. J., and Lalande M. (1995) The γ-aminobutyric acid receptor γ3 subunit gene (GABRG3) is tightly linked to the α5 subunit gene (GABRA5) on human chromosome 15q11-q13 and is transcribed in the same orientation. Genomics 26, 258-264.
11. A receptor subunit which can form a chimeric receptor with a vertebrate α subunit. EMBO J. 10, 3239-3245.
12. A receptor β2 subunit. J. Neurochem. 62, 10-16.
13. Hicks A. A., Bailey M. E. S., Riley B. P., Kamphuis W., Siciliano M. J., Johnson K. J., and Darlison M. G. (1993) Further evidence for clustering of human GABAA receptor subunit genes: localization of the α6-subunit gene (GABRA6) to distal chromosome 5q by linkage analysis. Genomics 20, 285-288.
14. Hogan B., Beddington R., Costantini F., and Lacey E. (1994) Manipulating the Mouse Embryo; A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York.
15. Kang I., Lindquist D. G., Kinane T. B., Ercolani L., Pritchard G. A., and Miller L. G. (1994) Isolation and characterization of the promoter of the human GABAA receptor α1 subunit gene. J. Neurochem. 62, 1643-1646.
16. A receptor α subunit is expressed only in cerebellar granular cells. J. Mol. Biol. 214, 619-624.
17. Kirkness E. F. and Fraser C. M. (1993) A strong promoter element is located between alternative exons of a gene encoding the human γ-aminobutyric acid-type A receptor β3 subunit (GABRB3). J. Biol. Chem. 268, 4420-4428.
18. A receptor (GABRB1). Genomics 10, 985-995.
19. Köhler M., Komau H.-C., and Seeburg P. H. (1994) The organization of the gene for the functionally dominant α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazole-4-propionic acid receptor subunit GluR-B. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 17367-17370.
20. Korpi E. R., Kleingoor C., Kettenmann H., and Seeburg P. H. (1993a) Benzodiazepine-induced motor impairment linked to point mutation in cerebellar GABAA receptor. Nature 361, 356-359.
21. 3H]Ro 15-4513 binding sites. Neuroscience 53, 483-488.
22. A receptor function. J. Neurochem. 63, 1167-1170.
23. Kuhar S. G., Feng L., Vidan S., Ross M. E., Hatten M. E., and Heintz N. (1993) Changing patterns of gene expression define four stages of cerebellar granule neuron differentiation. Development 117, 97-104.
24. A receptor genes: cloning and analysis of the chicken β4-subunit gene. J. Neurochem. 57, 352-355.
25. Laurie D. J., Seeburg P. H., and Wisden W. (1992a) The distribution of 13 GABAA receptor subunil mRNAs in the rat brain. II. Olfactory bulb and cerebellum. J. Neurosci. 12, 1063-1076.
26. A receptor subunit mRNAs in the rat brain. III. Embryonic and postnatal development. J. Neurosci. 12, 4151-4172.
27. Logan C., Khoo W. K., Cado D., and Joyner A. L. (1993) Two enhancer regions in the mouse En-2 locus direct expression to the mid/hindbrain region and mandibular myoblasts. Development 117, 905-916.
28. A receptor selective for a behavioural alcohol antagonist. Nature 346, 648-651.
29. McGowan R., Campbell R., Peterson A., and Sapienza C. (1989) Cellular mosaicism in the methylation and expression of hemizygous loci in the mouse. Genes Dev. 3, 1669-1676.
30. A receptor gene clusters are derived from an ancestral cluster. Genomics 26, 580-586.
31. Mercer E. H., Hoyle G. W., Kapur R. P., Brinster R. L., and Palmiter R. D. (1991) The dopamine β-hydroxylase gene promoter directs expression of E. coli lacZ to sympathetic and other neurons in adult transgenic mice. Neuron 7, 703-716.
32. A receptor δ subunit gene. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 15265-15273.
33. A receptor is concentrated in both inhibitory and excitatory synapses on cerebellar granule cells. J. Neurosci. 16, 103-114.
34. A receptor subunits in the rat CNS. J. Camp. Neurol. 326, 193-216.
35. A receptor isoform. Genomics 23, 528-533.
36. Schoenherr C. J. and Anderson D. J. (1995) Silencing is golden: negative regulation in the control of neuronal gene transcription. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 5, 566-571.
37. Smith C. W. J., Patton J. G., and Nadal-Ginard B. (1989) Alternative splicing in the control of gene expression. Annu. Rev. Genet. 23, 527-577.
38. A receptor δ-subunit gene: structure and assignment to human chromosome 1. DNA Cell Biol. 9, 561-568.
39. Stephenson F. A. (1995) The GABAA receptors. Biochem. J. 310, 1-9.
40. A receptor α5 and α6 subunit-like immunoreactivity in rat brain. Neurosci. Lett. 144, 53-56.
41. Tyndale R. F., Hales T. G., Olsen R. W., and Tobin A. J. (1994) Distinctive patterns of GABAA receptor subunit mRNAs in 13 cell lines. J. Neurosci. 14, 5417-5428.
42. Vandaele S., Nordquist D. T., Feddersen R. M., Tretjakoff I., Peterson A. L., and Orr H. T. (1991) Purkinje cell protein-2 regulatory regions and transgene expression in cerebellur compartments. Genes Dev. 5, 1136-1148.
43. A/ benzodiazepine receptor α6 subunit mRNA in granule cells of the cerebellar cortex and cochlear nuclei: expression in developing and mutant mice. J. Comp. Neurol. 339, 341-352.
44. Warren A. J., Colledge W. H., Carlton M. B. L., Evans M. J., Smith A. J. H., and Rabbitts T. H. (1994) The oncogenic cysteinerich LIM domain protein Rbtn2 is essential for erythroid development. Cell 78, 45-57.
45. Weintraub H., Genetta T., and Kadesch T. (1994) Tissue-specific gene activation by MyoD: determination of specificity by cisacting repression elements. Genes Dev. 8, 2203-2211.
46. Wisden W. and Morris B. J. (1994) In situ hybridization with synthetic oligonucleotide probes, in In Situ Hybridization Protocols for the Brain (Wisden W. and Morris B. J., eds). pp. 9-34. Academic Press, London.
47. A receptor subunit mRNAs in the rat brain. I. Telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon. J. Neurosci. 12, 1040-1062.
48. A receptor subunit mRNA occurs only after cerebellar granule cell migration. Dev: Brain Res. 75, 91-103.