메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue 10, 1996, Pages 1129-1136

The functional significance of brain metallothioneins

Author keywords

glutathione; induction; nitric oxide; zinc

Indexed keywords

METALLOTHIONEIN; ZINC;

EID: 0029845691     PISSN: 08926638     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.10.10.8751715     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (177)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 33947463103 scopus 로고
    • A cadmium protein from equine kidney cortex
    • Margoshes, M., and Vallee, B. L. (1957) A cadmium protein from equine kidney cortex. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79, 4813-4814
    • (1957) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.79 , pp. 4813-4814
    • Margoshes, M.1    Vallee, B.L.2
  • 2
    • 0019828709 scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional regulation of mouse liver metallothionein-I gene by glucocorticoids
    • Hager L. G., and Palmiter R. D. (1981) Transcriptional regulation of mouse liver metallothionein-I gene by glucocorticoids. Nature (London) 291, 340-342
    • (1981) Nature (London) , vol.291 , pp. 340-342
    • Hager, L.G.1    Palmiter, R.D.2
  • 3
    • 0021398140 scopus 로고
    • Induction of metallothioinein-I inRNA in cultured cells by heavy metals and iodoacetate: Evidence for gratuitous inducers
    • Durnam, D. M., and Palmiter, R. D. (1984) Induction of metallothioinein-I inRNA in cultured cells by heavy metals and iodoacetate: Evidence for gratuitous inducers. Mol. Cell Biol. 4, 484-491
    • (1984) Mol. Cell Biol. , vol.4 , pp. 484-491
    • Durnam, D.M.1    Palmiter, R.D.2
  • 4
    • 0022555879 scopus 로고
    • Metallothionein
    • Hamer, D. H. (1986) Metallothionein. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 55, 913-951
    • (1986) Annu. Rev. Biochem. , vol.55 , pp. 913-951
    • Hamer, D.H.1
  • 5
    • 0023198489 scopus 로고
    • Interactions between metallothionein and trace elements
    • Bremner, I. (1987) Interactions between metallothionein and trace elements. Prog. Food Nutr. Sci. 11, 1-37
    • (1987) Prog. Food Nutr. Sci. , vol.11 , pp. 1-37
    • Bremner, I.1
  • 7
    • 0023087396 scopus 로고
    • Chemistry and biochemistry of metallothionein
    • Kägi, J. H. R., and Kojima, Y. (1987) Chemistry and biochemistry of metallothionein. Experientia (Suppl.) 52, 25-61
    • (1987) Experientia (Suppl.) , vol.52 , pp. 25-61
    • Kägi, J.H.R.1    Kojima, Y.2
  • 8
    • 0023781524 scopus 로고
    • Biochemistry of metallothionein
    • Kägi J. H. R., and Schäffer A. (1988) Biochemistry of metallothionein. Biochemistry 27, 8509-8515
    • (1988) Biochemistry , vol.27 , pp. 8509-8515
    • Kägi, J.H.R.1    Schäffer, A.2
  • 10
    • 0001884502 scopus 로고
    • The functional and potential functions of metallothioneins: A personal perspective
    • Suzuki, K. T., Imura, N., and Kimura, M., eds Birkhäuser Verlag, Berlin
    • Vallee, B, L., and Maret, V. (1993) The functional and potential functions of metallothioneins: A personal perspective. In Metallothionein III: Biological Roles and Medical Implications (Suzuki, K. T., Imura, N., and Kimura, M., eds) pp. 1-27, Birkhäuser Verlag, Berlin
    • (1993) Metallothionein III: Biological Roles and Medical Implications , pp. 1-27
    • Vallee, B.L.1    Maret, V.2
  • 11
    • 0028289610 scopus 로고
    • Induction of a new metallothionein isoform (MT-IV) occurs during differentiation of stratified squamous epithelia
    • Quaife, C. J., Findley, S. D., Erickson, J. C., Froelick, G. J., Kelly, E. J., Zambrowiez, B. P., and Palmiter, R. D. (1994) Induction of a new metallothionein isoform (MT-IV) occurs during differentiation of stratified squamous epithelia. Biochemistry 33, 7250-7259
    • (1994) Biochemistry , vol.33 , pp. 7250-7259
    • Quaife, C.J.1    Findley, S.D.2    Erickson, J.C.3    Froelick, G.J.4    Kelly, E.J.5    Zambrowiez, B.P.6    Palmiter, R.D.7
  • 12
    • 0025768860 scopus 로고
    • The growth inhibitory factor that is deficient in Alzheimer's disease is a 68 amino acid metallothionein-like protein
    • Uehida, Y., Takio, K., Titani, K., Ihara, Y., and Tomonaga, M. (1991) The growth inhibitory factor that is deficient in Alzheimer's disease is a 68 amino acid metallothionein-like protein. Neuron 7, 337-347
    • (1991) Neuron , vol.7 , pp. 337-347
    • Uehida, Y.1    Takio, K.2    Titani, K.3    Ihara, Y.4    Tomonaga, M.5
  • 14
    • 74049110399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Properties of metallothionein-III (MT-III)
    • abstr.
    • Palmiter, R. D., and Erickson, J. C. (1996) Properties of metallothionein-III (MT-III). Toxicologist, 30, 4.3 (abstr.)
    • (1996) Toxicologist , vol.30 , pp. 43
    • Palmiter, R.D.1    Erickson, J.C.2
  • 17
    • 0028593507 scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional induction of the mouse metallothionein-I gene in hydrogen peroxide-treated Hepa cells involves a composite major late transcription factor/antioxidant-response element and metal response promoter elements
    • Dalton, T., Palmiter, R. D., and G. K. Andrews (1994) Transcriptional induction of the mouse metallothionein-I gene in hydrogen peroxide-treated Hepa cells involves a composite major late transcription factor/antioxidant-response element and metal response promoter elements. Nucleic Acids Res. 22, 5016-5023
    • (1994) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.22 , pp. 5016-5023
    • Dalton, T.1    Palmiter, R.D.2    Andrews, G.K.3
  • 18
    • 0025154985 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of metallothionein gene expression
    • Andrews, G. K. (1990) Regulation of metallothionein gene expression. Prog. Food Nutr. Sci. 14, 193-258
    • (1990) Prog. Food Nutr. Sci. , vol.14 , pp. 193-258
    • Andrews, G.K.1
  • 19
    • 0023087397 scopus 로고
    • Metal regulatory elements of the mouse metallothionein-I gene
    • Searle, P. F., Stuart, G. W., and Palmiter, R. D. (1987) Metal regulatory elements of the mouse metallothionein-I gene. Experientia (Suppl.) 52, 407-414
    • (1987) Experientia (Suppl.) , vol.52 , pp. 407-414
    • Searle, P.F.1    Stuart, G.W.2    Palmiter, R.D.3
  • 21
    • 0028358324 scopus 로고
    • The transcription factor MTF-1 is essential for basal and heavy metal-induced metallothionein gene expression
    • Heuchel, R., Radtke, F., Georgiev, O., Stark, G., Aguet, M., Schaffner, W. (1994) The transcription factor MTF-1 is essential for basal and heavy metal-induced metallothionein gene expression. EMBO J. 13, 2870-2875
    • (1994) EMBO J. , vol.13 , pp. 2870-2875
    • Heuchel, R.1    Radtke, F.2    Georgiev, O.3    Stark, G.4    Aguet, M.5    Schaffner, W.6
  • 23
    • 0028125990 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of metallothionein genes by heavy metals appears to be mediated by a zinc-sensitive inhibitor that interacts with a constitutively active transcription factor, MTF-1
    • Palmiter, R. D. (1994) Regulation of metallothionein genes by heavy metals appears to be mediated by a zinc-sensitive inhibitor that interacts with a constitutively active transcription factor, MTF-1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 1219-1223
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.91 , pp. 1219-1223
    • Palmiter, R.D.1
  • 25
    • 0021929190 scopus 로고
    • Coordinate regulation of mouse metallothionein I and II genes by heavy metals and glucocorticoids
    • Yagle, M. K., and Palmiter, R. D. (1985) Coordinate regulation of mouse metallothionein I and II genes by heavy metals and glucocorticoids. Mol. Cell. Biol. 5, 291-294
    • (1985) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.5 , pp. 291-294
    • Yagle, M.K.1    Palmiter, R.D.2
  • 27
    • 0026078083 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial endotoxin-induced expression of metallothionein genes in rat brain, as revealed by in situ hybridization
    • Itano Y., Noji S., Koyama E., Taniguchi S., Taga N., Takahashi T., Ono K., and Kosaka F. (1991) Bacterial endotoxin-induced expression of metallothionein genes in rat brain, as revealed by in situ hybridization. Neurosci. Lett. 124, 13-16
    • (1991) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.124 , pp. 13-16
    • Itano, Y.1    Noji, S.2    Koyama, E.3    Taniguchi, S.4    Taga, N.5    Takahashi, T.6    Ono, K.7    Kosaka, F.8
  • 28
    • 0026265241 scopus 로고
    • Glial immunoreactivity for metallothionein in the rat brain
    • Young J. K., Garvey J. S., and Huang P. C. (1991) Glial immunoreactivity for metallothionein in the rat brain. Glia 4, 602-610
    • (1991) Glia , vol.4 , pp. 602-610
    • Young, J.K.1    Garvey, J.S.2    Huang, P.C.3
  • 31
    • 0027598466 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of metallothionein in the human central nervous system
    • Blaauwgeers H. G., Sillevis-Smitt P. A., De-Jong J. A., and Troost D. (1993) Distribution of metallothionein in the human central nervous system. Glia 8, 62-70
    • (1993) Glia , vol.8 , pp. 62-70
    • Blaauwgeers, H.G.1    Sillevis-Smitt, P.A.2    De-Jong, J.A.3    Troost, D.4
  • 33
    • 0027686249 scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress, glutamate, and neurodegenerative disorders
    • Coyle, J. T., and Puttfarcken, P. (1993) Oxidative stress, glutamate, and neurodegenerative disorders. Science 262, 689-694
    • (1993) Science , vol.262 , pp. 689-694
    • Coyle, J.T.1    Puttfarcken, P.2
  • 34
    • 0028944114 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced sensitivity to oxidative stress in cultured embryonic cells from transgenic mice deficient in metallothionein I and II genes
    • Lazo, J. S., Kondo, Y., Dellapiazza, D., Michalska, A. E., Choo, K. H. A., and Pitt, B. R. (1995) Enhanced sensitivity to oxidative stress in cultured embryonic cells from transgenic mice deficient in metallothionein I and II genes. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 5506-5510
    • (1995) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.270 , pp. 5506-5510
    • Lazo, J.S.1    Kondo, Y.2    Dellapiazza, D.3    Michalska, A.E.4    Choo, K.H.A.5    Pitt, B.R.6
  • 35
    • 23444434659 scopus 로고
    • Role of NO production in NMDA receptor-mediated neurotransmitter release in cerebral cortex
    • Montague, P. R., Gancayco, C. D., Winn, M. J., Marchase, R. B., and Friedlander, M. J. (1994) Role of NO production in NMDA receptor-mediated neurotransmitter release in cerebral cortex. Science 263, 973-977
    • (1994) Science , vol.263 , pp. 973-977
    • Montague, P.R.1    Gancayco, C.D.2    Winn, M.J.3    Marchase, R.B.4    Friedlander, M.J.5
  • 36
  • 38
    • 0025730414 scopus 로고
    • Peroxynitrite oxidation of sulfhydryls. the cytotoxic potential of Superoxide and nitric oxide
    • Radi, R., Beckman, J. S., Bush, K. M., and Freeman, B. A. (1991) Peroxynitrite oxidation of sulfhydryls. The cytotoxic potential of Superoxide and nitric oxide. J. Biol. Chem. 266, 4244-4250
    • (1991) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.266 , pp. 4244-4250
    • Radi, R.1    Beckman, J.S.2    Bush, K.M.3    Freeman, B.A.4
  • 39
    • 0027280338 scopus 로고
    • Pathological implications of nitric oxide, Superoxide and peroxynitrite formation
    • Beckman, J. S., and Crow, J. P. (1993) Pathological implications of nitric oxide, Superoxide and peroxynitrite formation. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 21, 330-334
    • (1993) Biochem. Soc. Trans. , vol.21 , pp. 330-334
    • Beckman, J.S.1    Crow, J.P.2
  • 40
    • 0027533507 scopus 로고
    • Oxygen free radicals and metallothionein
    • Sato, M., and Bremner, I. (1993) Oxygen free radicals and metallothionein. Free Radical Biol. Med. 14, 325-337
    • (1993) Free Radical Biol. Med. , vol.14 , pp. 325-337
    • Sato, M.1    Bremner, I.2
  • 41
    • 0027396852 scopus 로고
    • Reactions of the bioregulatory agent nitric oxide in oxygenated aqueous media: Determination of the kinetics for oxidation and nitrosation by intermediates generated in the NO/02 reaction
    • Wink, D. A., Darbyshire, J. F., Nims, R. W., Saavedra, J. E., and Ford, P. C. (1993) Reactions of the bioregulatory agent nitric oxide in oxygenated aqueous media: determination of the kinetics for oxidation and nitrosation by intermediates generated in the NO/02 reaction. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 6, 23-27
    • (1993) Chem. Res. Toxicol. , vol.6 , pp. 23-27
    • Wink, D.A.1    Darbyshire, J.F.2    Nims, R.W.3    Saavedra, J.E.4    Ford, P.C.5
  • 43
    • 0027361046 scopus 로고
    • Redox modulation of p53 conformation and sequence-specific DNA binding in vitro
    • Hainaut, P., and Milner, J. (1993) Redox modulation of p53 conformation and sequence-specific DNA binding in vitro. Cancer Res. 53, 4469-4473
    • (1993) Cancer Res. , vol.53 , pp. 4469-4473
    • Hainaut, P.1    Milner, J.2
  • 44
    • 0028082427 scopus 로고
    • Oxidative metal release from metallothionein via zinc-thiol/disulfide interchange
    • Maret, W. (1994) Oxidative metal release from metallothionein via zinc-thiol/disulfide interchange. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 237-241
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.91 , pp. 237-241
    • Maret, W.1
  • 45
    • 0027169905 scopus 로고
    • Yeast and mammalian metallothioneins functionally substitute for yeast copper-zinc Superoxide dismutase
    • Tamai, K. T., Gralla, E. B., Ellerby, L. M., Valentine, J. S., and Thiele, D. J. (1993) Yeast and mammalian metallothioneins functionally substitute for yeast copper-zinc Superoxide dismutase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 8013-8017
    • (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.90 , pp. 8013-8017
    • Tamai, K.T.1    Gralla, E.B.2    Ellerby, L.M.3    Valentine, J.S.4    Thiele, D.J.5
  • 46
    • 0027940568 scopus 로고
    • Heat shock transcription factor activates yeast gene expression in response to heat and metallothionein gene expression in response to heat and glucose starvation via distinct signalling pathways
    • Tamai, K.T., Liu, X., Silar, P., Sosinowski, T., and Thiele, D. J. (1994) Heat shock transcription factor activates yeast gene expression in response to heat and metallothionein gene expression in response to heat and glucose starvation via distinct signalling pathways. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14, 8155-8165
    • (1994) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 8155-8165
    • Tamai, K.T.1    Liu, X.2    Silar, P.3    Sosinowski, T.4    Thiele, D.J.5
  • 47
    • 0028077621 scopus 로고
    • Metallothionein IIA is up-regulated by hypoxia in human A431 squamous carcinoma cells
    • Murphy, B. J., Laderoute, K. R., Chin, R. J., and Sutherland, R. M. (1994) Metallothionein IIA is up-regulated by hypoxia in human A431 squamous carcinoma cells. Cancer Res. 54, 5808-5810
    • (1994) Cancer Res. , vol.54 , pp. 5808-5810
    • Murphy, B.J.1    Laderoute, K.R.2    Chin, R.J.3    Sutherland, R.M.4
  • 49
    • 0027428818 scopus 로고
    • The effects of 6-hydroxydopamine and oxidative stress on the level of brain metallothionein
    • Shiraga, H., Pfeiffer, R. F., and Ebadi, M. (1993) The effects of 6-hydroxydopamine and oxidative stress on the level of brain metallothionein. Neurochem. Int. 23, 561-566
    • (1993) Neurochem. Int. , vol.23 , pp. 561-566
    • Shiraga, H.1    Pfeiffer, R.F.2    Ebadi, M.3
  • 50
    • 0029013734 scopus 로고
    • Temporalspatial patterns of expression of metallothionein-I and -III and other stress related genes in rat brain after kainic acid induced seizures
    • Dalton, T., Pazdernik, T. L., Wagner, J., Samson, F., and G. K. Andrews (1995) Temporalspatial patterns of expression of metallothionein-I and -III and other stress related genes in rat brain after kainic acid induced seizures. Neurochem. Int. 27, 59-71
    • (1995) Neurochem. Int. , vol.27 , pp. 59-71
    • Dalton, T.1    Pazdernik, T.L.2    Wagner, J.3    Samson, F.4    Andrews, G.K.5
  • 51
    • 0028222943 scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia protects against the neurotoxicity of kainic acid
    • Pohle, W., and Rauca, C. (1994) Hypoxia protects against the neurotoxicity of kainic acid. Brain Res. 644, 297-304
    • (1994) Brain Res. , vol.644 , pp. 297-304
    • Pohle, W.1    Rauca, C.2
  • 52
    • 0013924555 scopus 로고
    • Physiological properties of glial cells in the CNS system of amphibia
    • Kuffler, S. W., Nicholls, J. G., and Orkand, R. K. (1966) Physiological properties of glial cells in the CNS system of amphibia. J. Neurophysiol. 29, 768-787
    • (1966) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.29 , pp. 768-787
    • Kuffler, S.W.1    Nicholls, J.G.2    Orkand, R.K.3
  • 53
    • 0029257277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disruption of the blood-brain barrier interface in neonatal rat neocortex induces a transient expression of metallothionein in reactive astrocytes
    • Penkowa, M., and Moos, T. (1996) Disruption of the blood-brain barrier interface in neonatal rat neocortex induces a transient expression of metallothionein in reactive astrocytes. Glia 13, 217-227
    • (1996) Glia , vol.13 , pp. 217-227
    • Penkowa, M.1    Moos, T.2
  • 54
    • 84940139156 scopus 로고
    • Glial metallothionein
    • Young, J. K. (1994) Glial metallothionein. Biol. Signals 3, 169-175
    • (1994) Biol. Signals , vol.3 , pp. 169-175
    • Young, J.K.1
  • 55
    • 0029894261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylmercury in astrocytes - What possible significance?
    • In press
    • Aschner, M. (1996) Methylmercury in astrocytes - what possible significance? NeuroToxicology In press
    • (1996) NeuroToxicology
    • Aschner, M.1
  • 56
    • 0021807207 scopus 로고
    • Metallothioneins: Proteins in search of function
    • Karin, M. (1985) Metallothioneins: proteins in search of function. Cell 41, 9-10
    • (1985) Cell , vol.41 , pp. 9-10
    • Karin, M.1
  • 57
    • 0028082396 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced metallothionein gene expression is associated with protection from cadmium-induced genotoxicity in cultured rat liver cells
    • Coogan T. P., Bare R. M., Bjornson E. J., and Waalkes M. P. (1994) Enhanced metallothionein gene expression is associated with protection from cadmium-induced genotoxicity in cultured rat liver cells. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 41, 233-245
    • (1994) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , vol.41 , pp. 233-245
    • Coogan, T.P.1    Bare, R.M.2    Bjornson, E.J.3    Waalkes, M.P.4
  • 59
    • 0029156314 scopus 로고
    • Metallothionein induction in neonatal rat primary astrocyte cultures protects against methylmercury cytotoxicity
    • Rising, L., Vitarella, D., Kimelberg, H. K., and Aschner, M. (1995) Metallothionein induction in neonatal rat primary astrocyte cultures protects against methylmercury cytotoxicity. J. Neurochem. 65, 1562-1568
    • (1995) J. Neurochem. , vol.65 , pp. 1562-1568
    • Rising, L.1    Vitarella, D.2    Kimelberg, H.K.3    Aschner, M.4
  • 60
    • 0028988105 scopus 로고
    • 2)-induced metallothionein (MT) expression in neonatal rat primary astrocytes cultures
    • 2)-induced metallothionein (MT) expression in neonatal rat primary astrocytes cultures. Brain Res. 678, 91-98
    • (1995) Brain Res. , vol.678 , pp. 91-98
    • Rising, L.1    Vitarella, D.2    Kimelberg, H.K.3    Aschner, M.4
  • 62
    • 0028819715 scopus 로고
    • Constitutive expression of metallothionein-III (MT-III), but not MT-I, inhibits growth when cells become zinc deficient
    • Palmiter, R. D. (1995) Constitutive expression of metallothionein-III (MT-III), but not MT-I, inhibits growth when cells become zinc deficient. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 135, 139-146
    • (1995) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.135 , pp. 139-146
    • Palmiter, R.D.1
  • 65
    • 74049145631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral zinc metabolism: Pathogenic potential in Alzheimer's disease
    • abstr.
    • Bush, A. I., Moir, R. D., and Tanzi, R. E. (1996) Cerebral zinc metabolism: pathogenic potential in Alzheimer's disease. Toxicologist, 30, 43 (abstr.)
    • (1996) Toxicologist , vol.30 , pp. 43
    • Bush, A.I.1    Moir, R.D.2    Tanzi, R.E.3
  • 66
    • 0028263925 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced neurotrophic activity in Alzheimer's disease cortex is not associated with down-regulation of metallothionein-III (GIF)
    • Erickson, J. C., Sewell, A. K., Jensen, L. T., Winge, D. R., and Palmiter, R. D. (1994) Enhanced neurotrophic activity in Alzheimer's disease cortex is not associated with down-regulation of metallothionein-III (GIF). Brain Res. 649, 297-304
    • (1994) Brain Res. , vol.649 , pp. 297-304
    • Erickson, J.C.1    Sewell, A.K.2    Jensen, L.T.3    Winge, D.R.4    Palmiter, R.D.5
  • 67
    • 0026760948 scopus 로고
    • A novel neuronal messenger molecule in brain: The free radical, nitric oxide
    • Dawson, T. M., Dawson, V. L., Snyder, S. H. (1993) A novel neuronal messenger molecule in brain: the free radical, nitric oxide. Ann. Neurol. 32, 297-311
    • (1993) Ann. Neurol. , vol.32 , pp. 297-311
    • Dawson, T.M.1    Dawson, V.L.2    Snyder, S.H.3
  • 68
    • 0024446419 scopus 로고
    • Antioxidants protect against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in a neuronal cell line
    • Miyamoto, M., Murphy, T. H., Schnaar, R. L., and Coyle, J. T. (1989) Antioxidants protect against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in a neuronal cell line. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. 250, 1132-1140
    • (1989) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. , vol.250 , pp. 1132-1140
    • Miyamoto, M.1    Murphy, T.H.2    Schnaar, R.L.3    Coyle, J.T.4
  • 69
    • 0026795635 scopus 로고
    • Protein oxidation and aging
    • Stadtman, E. R. (1992) Protein oxidation and aging. Science 257, 1220-1224
    • (1992) Science , vol.257 , pp. 1220-1224
    • Stadtman, E.R.1
  • 70
    • 0024523351 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of hydroxyl-radical-generated DMA degradation by metallothionein
    • Abel, J., de Ruiter, N. (1989) Inhibition of hydroxyl-radical-generated DMA degradation by metallothionein. Toxicol. Lett. 47, 191-196
    • (1989) Toxicol. Lett. , vol.47 , pp. 191-196
    • Abel, J.1    De Ruiter, N.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.