The use of thyroid hormone in cardiac surgery

Current Opinion in Cardiology

Volumn 11, Issue 6, 1996, Pages 603-609

  Dyke, Cornelius ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LIOTHYRONINE; THYROID HORMONE;

CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; HEART DISEASE; HEART HEMODYNAMICS; HEART SURGERY; HEART VENTRICLE CONTRACTILITY; HUMAN; HYPOTHYROIDISM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; THYROID HORMONE METABOLISM;

EID: 0029826541     PISSN: 02684705     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00001573-199611000-00008     Document Type: Review

References (51)

1. Graves RJ: Clinical lectures. Lond Med Surg J 1835, 7:516-519.
2. Polikar R, Burger AG, Scherrer U, Mood P: The thyroid and the heart. Circulation 1993, 87:1435-1441.
3. Klein I: Thyroid hormone and the cardiovascular system. Am J Med 1990, 88:631-637.
4. Dillman W: Biochemical basis of thyroid action in the heart. Am J Med 1990, 88:626-630.
5. Ojamaa D, Balkman C, Klein I: Acute effects of triiodothyronine on arterial smooth muscle cells. Ann Thorac Surg 1993, 56:S61-S67.
6. Williams GH, Braunwald E: Endocrine and nutritional disorders and heart disease. In Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. Edited by Braunwald E. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1988:1800-1809.
7. Salter DR, Dyke CM, Wechsler AS: Triiodothyronine and cardiovascular therapeutics: a review. J Cardiac Surg 1992, 7:363-374.
8. MacKerrow SD, Osborn LA, Levy H, et al.: Myxedema-associated cardiogenic shock treated with intravenous triiodothyronine. Ann Intern Med 1992, 177:1014-1015.
9. Vora J, O'Malley BP, Peterson R, et al.: Reversible abnormalities of myocardial relaxation in hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1987, 61:269-274.
10. Wartofsky L, Burman KD: Alterations in thyroid function in patients with systemic illness: the "euthyroid sick syndrome." Endocrinol Rev 1982, 3:163-217.
11. Slag MF, Morley JE, Elson MK: Hypothyroxinemia in critically ill patients as a predictor of high mortality. JAMA 1981, 245:43-45.
12. Bremner WF, Taylor KM, Baird S, et al.: Hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis function during cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1978, 75:392-399.
13. Coleman RW: Platelet and neutrophil activation in cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Thorac Surg 1990, 95:842-849.
14. Parrillo JE: Pathogenetic mechanisms in septic shock. N Engl J Med 1993, 328:1471-1477.
15. Robuschi G, Medici D, Fesani F, et al: Cardiopulmonary bypass: "a low T3 and T4 syndrome" with blunted thyrotropin response to thyrotropic-releasing hormone. Hormone Res 1986, 23:151-158.
16. Mainwaring RD, Lamberti JJ, Carter TL, Nelson JC: Reduction in triiodothyronine levels following modified fontan procedure. J Cardiac Surg 1994, 9:322-331.
17. Novitsky D, Cooper DK, Barton C: Triidothyronine as an inotropic agent after open heart surgery. J Thorac Cardiovas Surg 1989, 98:972-977.
18. Holland FW, Brown PS, Weintraub BD, Clark RE: Cardiopulmonary bypass and thyroid function: a "euthyroid sick syndrome." Ann Thorac Surg 1991, 52:46-50.
19. Gotzsche LSB-H, Weeke J: Changes in plasma free thyroid hormones during cardiopulmonary bypas do not indicate triiodothyronine substitution. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1992, 104:273-277.
20. Dyke CM, Yeh T Jr., Lehman JD, et al.: Triiodothyronine-enhanced left ventricular function after ischemic injury. Ann Thorac Surg 1991, 52:14-19.
21. Holland FW, Brown PS, Jr, Clark RE: Severe postischemic myocardial depression reversed by triiodothyronine. Ann Thorac Surg 1992, 54:301-305.
22. Dyke CM, Ding M, Abd-Elfattah AS, Loesser K, Dignan RJ, Wechsler AS, Salter DR: Effects of triidothyronine supplementation after myocardial ischemia. Ann Thorac Surg 1993, 56:215-222.
23. 3 supplementation.
24. Snow TR, Deal MT, Connelly TS, Yokoyama Y, Novitsky D: Acute inotropic response of rabbit papillary muscle to triidothyronine. Cardiology 1992, 80:112-117.
25. Walker JD, Crawford FA Jr., Muhherjee R, Zile MR, Spinale FG: Direct effects of acute administration of 3,5,3' trilodothyronine on myocyte function. Ann Thorac Surg 1994, 58:851-856.
26. Novitsky D, Human P, Cooper DKC: Effect of triiodothyronine on myocardial high energy phosphates and lactate after ischemic and cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1988, 96:600-607.
27. Sterling K: Direct thyroid hormone activation of mitochondria: the role of adenine nucleotidetranslocase. Endocrinology 1986, 119:292-295.
28. Davis PJ, Davis FB: Acute cellular actions of thyroid hormones and myocardial function. Ann Thorac Surg 1993, 56:S16-S23.
29. Ojamaa K, Samarel A, Kupfer J, et al.: Thyroid hormone effects on cardiac gene expression independent of cardiac growth and protein synthesis. Am J Physiol 1992, 263:E534-E540.
30. Kiss E, Jakab G, Kranias EG, et al.: Thyroid hormone-induced alterations in phospholamban protein expression: regulatory effects on sarcoplasmlc reticulum calcium transport and myocardial relaxation. Circ Res 1994, 75:245-251.
31. 3 supplementation after ischemia.
32. Wechsler AS, Kadletz M, Ding M, Abd-Elfattah AS, Dyke CM: Effects of triiodythyronine on stunned myocardium. J Cardiac Surg 1993, 8:338-341.
33. Walker JD, Crawford FA, Mukherjee R, Spinale FG: The direct effects of 3,5,3' triiodothyronine on myocyte contractile processes: insights into mechanisms of action. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1995, 110:1369-1380.
34. Skelton CL, Coleman HN, Wildenthal D, Braunwald E: Augmentation of myocardial oxygen consumption In hyperthyroid cats. Circ Res 1970, 70:301-309.
35. Calderone CA, Krukenkamp IB, Burns PG, Misare BD, Gaudette GR, Levitsky S: Ischemia-dependent efficacy of phosphodiesterase inhibition. Ann Thorac Surg 1994, 57:540-546.
36. Mylotte KM, Cody V, Davis PJ, Davis FB, Bias SD, Schoenl M: Milrinone and thyroid hormone stimulate myocardial membrane Ca ATPase activiy and share structural homologles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1985, 82:7974-7978.
37. Clark R: Cardiopulmonary bypass and thyroid metabolism. Ann Thorac Surg 1993, 56:S35-S42.
38. Becker RA, Vaughn GM, Ziegler MG, et al.: Hypermetabolic low triiodothyronine syndrome of burn injury. Crit Care Med 1982, 10:870-876.
39. Salter DR, Dyke CM: Cardiopulmonary dysfunction after brain death. In Anesthesia for Organ Transplantation. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott; 1992.
40. Novitsky D, Wicomb WN, Cooper DKC, Rose AG, Fraser RC, Barnard CN: Electrocardiographic, hemodynamic and endocrine changes occurring during experimental brain death in the chacma baboon. J Heart Transplant 1984, 4:63-69.
41. Novitsky D, Wicomb WN, Cooper DKC, et al.: Evidence of myocardial and renal functional recovery following hormonal treatment after brain death [abstract]. Transplant Proc 1986, 18:613.
42. Votapka TV, Canvasser DA, Pennington G, Koga M, Swartz MT: Effect of triiodothyronine on graft function in a model of heart transplantation. Ann Thorac Surg 1996, 62:78-82.
43. Novitsky D, Cooper DKC, Chaffin JS, Greer AK, De Bault LE, Zuhdi N: Improved cardiac allograft function following triiodothyronine therapy to both donor and recipient. Transplantation 1990, 49:311-316.
44. Jeevanandam V, Todd B, Regillo T, et al.: Reversal of donor myocardial dysfunction by triiodothyronine replacement therapy. J Heart Lung Transplant 1994, 13:681-687.
45. Novitsky D, Human PA, Cooper DKC: Inotropic effect of triiodothyronine following myocardial ischemia and cardiopulmonary bypass: an experimental study in pigs. Ann Thorac Surg 1988, 45:50-55.
46. Novitsky D, Cooper DKC, Swanepoel A: Inotropic effect of triiodothyronine following myocardial ischemia and cardiopulmonary bypass initial experience in patients undergoing open-heart surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 1989, 3:140-145.
47. Novitsky D, Matthews N, Shawley D, Cooper DKC, Zuhdi N: Triiodothyronine in the recovery of stunned myocardium in dogs. Ann Thorac Surg 1991, 51:10-17.
48. Klemperer JD, Klein I, Gomez M, Helm RE, Ojamaa K, Thomas SJ, Isom OW, Kreiger K: Thyroid hormone treatment after coronary artery bypass surgery. N Engl J Med 1995, 33:1522-1527. In this well-controlled clinical study of the effect of thyroid hormone supplementation on patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting a significant physiologic effect was demonstrated; however, no differences in clinical outcome were present between groups.
49. Klemperer JD, Klein IL, Ojamaa K, Helm RE, Gomez M, Isom OW, Krieger K: Triiodothyronine therapy lowers the incidence of atrial fibrillation after cardiac operations. Ann Thorac Surg 1996, 61:1323-1329.
50. Dudley SC, Baumgarten CM: Bursting of cardiac sodium channels after acute exposure to 3,5,3' triiodo-L-thyronine. Circ Res 1993, 73:301-313.
51. Creswell LL, Schuessler RB, Rosenbloom M, Cox JL: Hazards of postoperative atrial arrythmias. Ann Thorac Surg 1993, 56:539-549.