A bulged lin-4/lin-14 RNA duplex is sufficient for Caenorhabditis elegans lin-14 temporal gradient formation

Genes and Development

Volumn 10, Issue 23, 1996, Pages 3041-3050

  Ha, Ilho ^b   Wightman, Bruce ^a   Ruvkun, Gary ^b  

^a MUHLENBERG COLLEGE   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

3' UTR; bulged RNA; C. elegans; development; heterochronic; lin 14, lin 4; translation

Indexed keywords

DOUBLE STRANDED RNA; MESSENGER RNA; REGULATOR PROTEIN;

ARTICLE; CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS; CELL LINEAGE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEVELOPMENT; NONHUMAN; POINT MUTATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REPORTER GENE;

CAENORHABDITIS BRIGGSAE; CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS;

EID: 0029801668     PISSN: 08909369     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1101/gad.10.23.3041     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Ahringer, J. and J. Kimble 1991. Control of the sperm-oocyte switch in Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodites by the fem-3 3′ untranslated region. Nature 349: 346-348.
2. Ambros, V. 1989. A hierarchy of regulatory genes controls a larva-to-adult developmental switch in C. elegans. Cell 57: 49-59.
3. Ambros, V. and H. R. Horvitz. 1984. Heterochronic mutants of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Science 226: 409-416.
4. Arasu, P., B. Wightman, and G. Ruvkun. 1991. Temporal regulation of lin-14 by the antagonistic action of two other heterochronic genes, lin-4 and lin-28. Genes & Dev. 5: 1825-1833.
5. Ausubel, F.M., R. Brent, R.E. Kingston, D.D. Moore, J.A. Smith, J.G. Seidman, and K. Struhl. 1993. Current protocols in molecular biology. Wiley Interscience/Greene, New York, N.Y.
6. Chalfie, M., H.R. Horvitz, and J.E. Sulston. 1981. Mutations that lead to reiterations in the cell lineages of C. elegans. Cell 24: 59-69.
7. Chen, L. and A.D. Frankel. 1995. A peptide interation in the major groove of RNA resembles protein interactions in the minor groove of DNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 92: 5077-5081.
8. Curtis, D., J. Apfeld, and R. Lehmann. 1995. nanos is an evolutionarily conserved organizer of anterior-posterior polarity. Development 121: 1899-19140.
9. Datta, B. and A.M. Weiner. 1991. Genetic evidence for base pairing between U2 and U6 snRNA in mammalian nRNA splicing. Nature 352: 821-824.
10. Dingwall, C., I. Ernberg, M.J. Gait, S.M. Green, S. Heaphy, J. Karn, A.D. Lowe, M. Singh, and M.A. Skinner. 1990. HIV-1 tat protein stimulates transcription by binding to a U-rich bulge in the stem of the TAR RNA structure. EMBO J. 9:4145-1153.
11. Dubnau, J. and G. Struhl. 1996. RNA recognition and translational regulation by a homeodomain protein. Nature 379: 694-699.
12. Evans, T.C., S.L. Crittenden, V. Kodoyianni, and J. Kimble. 1994. Translational control of maternal g/p-1 mRNA establishes an asymmetry in the C. elegans embryo. Cell 77: 183-194.
13. Goodwin, E.B., P. Okkema, T. Evans, and J. Kimble. 1993. Translational regulation of tra-2 by its 3′ untranslated region controls sexual identity in C. elegans. Cell 75: 329-339.
14. Heschl, M.F. and D.L. Baillie 1990 Functional elements and domains inferred from sequence comparisons of a heat shock gene in two nematodes. J. Mol. Evol. 31: 3-9.
15. Hjalt, T.A. and E.G. Wagner. 1995. Bulged-out nucleotides in an antisense RNA are required for rapid target RNA binding in vitro and inhibition in vivo. Nucleic Acids Res. 23: 580-587.
16. Irish, V., R. Lehmann, and M. Akam. 1989. The Drosophila posterior group gene nanos functions by repressing hunchback activity. Nature 338: 646-648.
17. Jaeger, J.A., D.H. Turner, and M. Zuker. 1989. Improved predic- tions of secondary structures for RNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 86: 7706-7710.
18. Kim-Ha, J. and P.M. Macdonald. 1995. Translational regulation of oskar mRNA by bruno, an ovarian RNA-binding protein, is essential. Cell 81: 403-412.
19. Klausner, R.D., T.A. Rouault, and J.B. Harford. 1993. Regulating the fate of mRNA: The control of cellular iron metabolism. Cell 72: 19-28.
20. Lee, C., R. Feinbaum, and V. Ambros. 1993. The product of the heterochronic gene lin-4 is a small RNA with antisense complementarity to lin-14. Cell 75: 843-854.
21. MacDonald, P.M. 1990. bicoid mRNA localization signal: Phylogenetic conservation of function and RNA secondary structure. Development 110: 161-171.
22. Mellits, K.H., M. Kostura and M.B. Mathews 1990. Interaction of adenovirus VA RNA1 with the protein kinase DAI: Nonequivalence of binding and function. Cell 61: 843-852.
23. Mello, C., J.M. Kramer, D. Stinchcomb, and V. Ambros. 1991. Efficient gene transfer in C. elegans: Extrachromosomal maintenance and integration of transforming sequences. EMBO J. 10: 3959-3970.
24. Murata, Y. and R.P. Wharton. 1995. Binding of pumilio to maternal hunchback mRNA is required for posterior patterning in Drosophila embryos. Cell 80: 747-756.
25. Nüsslein-Volhard, C. 1991. Determination of the embryonic axes of Drosophila. Development (Suppl.) 1: 1-10.
26. Persson, C., E.G. Wagner, and K. Nordstrom. 1988. Control of replication of plasmid R1: Kinetics of in vitro interaction between the antisense RNA, CopA, and its target, CopT. EMBO J. 7: 3279-3288.
27. Predki, P.F., L.M. Nayak, M.B. Gottlieb, and L. Regan. 1995. Dissecting RNA-protein interactions: RNA-RNA recognition by Rop. Cell 80: 41-50.
28. Puglish, I.D., R. Tan, B.J. Calnan, A.D. Frankel, and J.R. Williams. 1992. Conformation of the TAR RNA-arginine complex by NMR spectroscopy. Science 257: 76-80.
29. Reich, C.I., R.W. VanHoy, G.L. Porter, and J.A. Wise. 1992. Mutations at the 3′ splice site can be suppressed by compensatory base changes in U1 snRNA in fission yeast. Cell 69: 1159-1169.
30. Rushlow, C., K. Han, J. Manley, and M. Levine. 1988. The graded distribution of dorsal morphogen is initiated by selective nuclear transport in Drosophila. Cell 59: 1165-1177.
31. Ruvkun, G. and J. Giusto. 1989. The Caenorhabditis elegans heterochronic gene lin-14 encodes a nuclear protein that forms a temporal developmental switch. Nature 338:313-319.
32. Scripture, J.B. and P.W. Huber. 1995. Analysis of the binding of Xenopus ribosomal protein L5 to oocyte 5S rRNA. The major determinants of recognition are located in helix III-loop C. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 27358-27365.
33. Serano, T.L. and R.S. Cohen. 1995. A small predicted stem-loop structure mediateds oocyte localization of Drosophila K10 mRNA. Development 121: 3809-3818.
34. Simon, J.A. and J.T. Lis. 1987. A germline transformation analysis reveals flexibility in the organization of heat shock consensus elements. Nucleic Acids Res. 15: 2971-2988.
35. Wagner, E.B.H. and R.W. Simons. 1994. Antisense RNA control in bacteria, phages, and plasmids. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 48: 713-742.
36. Wang, C. and R. Lehmann. 1991. Nanos is the localized posterior determinant in Drosophila. Cell 66: 637-647.
37. Weeks, K.M. and D.M. Crothers. 1993. Major groove accessibility of RNA. Science 261: 1574-1577.
38. Wharton, R. and G. Struhl. 1991. RNA regulatory elements mediate control of Drosophila body pattern by the posterior morphogen nanos. Cell 67: 955-967.
39. Wightman, B., T.R. Bürglin, J. Gatto, P. Arasu, and G. Ruvkun. 1991. Negative regulatory sequences in the lin-14 3′-untranslated region are necessary to generate a temporal switch during Caenoihabditis elegans development. Genes & Dev. 5: 1813-1824.
40. Wightman, B., I. Ha, and G. Ruvkun. 1993. Post-transcriptional regulation of the heterochronic gene lin-14 by lin-4 mediates temporal pattern formation in C. elegans. Cell 75: 855-862.
41. Wood, W.B. 1988. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.
42. Xue, D., M. Finney, G. Ruvkun, and M. Chalfie. 1992. Regulation of the mec-3 gene by the C. elegans homeoproteins UNC-86 and MEC-3. EMBO J. 11: 4969-4979.
43. Zucker-Aprison, E. and T. Blumenthal. 1989. Potential regulatory elements of nematode vitellogenin genes revealed by interspecies sequence comparison. J. Mol. Evol. 28: 487-496.