Protest and the scale politics of telecommunications

Political Geography

Volumn 15, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 419-441

  Adams, Paul C ^a  

^a NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPARATIVE STUDY; INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON; MEDIA ROLE; POLITICAL PROTEST; POLITICS OF SCALE; TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROLE;

PHILIPPINES; USA;

EID: 0029798454     PISSN: 09626298     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0962-6298(95)00088-7     Document Type: Article

References (136)

1. ADAMS, P. (1993) Theatrical Territoriality: a Geographical Enquiry into Protest Occupations and Mass Communication. Unpublished PhD Dissertation, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
2. ADAMS, P. (1995) A reconsideration of personal boundaries in space-time. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 85, 267-285.
3. AGNEW, J. (1995) The rhetoric of regionalism: the Northern League in Italian politics, 1983-94. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 20, 156-172.
4. ANDERSON, B. (1983) Imagined Communities. New York: Verso.
5. ANNIS, S. (1992) Evolving connectedness among environmental groups and grassroots organizations in protected areas of Central America. World Development 20, 587-595.
6. APPADURAI, A. (1990) Disjuncture and difference in the global cultural economy. Public Culture 2, 1-24.
7. ARILLO, C. (1986) Breakaway: The Inside Story of the Four-Day Revolution in the Philippines, February 22-25, 1986. Manila: Kyodo Printing Co.
8. BAGDIKIAN, B. (1990) The Media Monopoly. Boston. MA: Beacon Press.
9. BARNES, T. AND DUNCAN, J., EDS (1992) Writing Worlds: Discourse, Text and Metaphor in the Representation of Landscape. New York: Routledge.
10. BAUGHMAN, J. (1987) Henry R. Luce and the Rise of the American News Media. Boston, M.A: Twayne Publishers.
11. BENJAMIN, D. (1989) State of seige. Time, 29 May, 36-45.
12. BENNETT, L. JR (1968) What Manner of Man. Chicago, IL: Johnson Publishing Co.
13. BEREANO, P. (1990) Repressive tolerance in science policy. Science as Culture 9, 88-98.
14. BLOMLEY, N. (1994) Mobility, empowerment and the rights revolution. Political geography 13, 407-422.
15. BLOOM, J. (1987) Class, Race, and the Civil Rights Movement. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
16. BLUMBERG, R. L. (1984) Civil Rights: The 1960s Freedom Struggle, Social Movements Past and Present. Boston, MA: Twayne Publishers.
17. BLUMLER, J. G. (1970) Television and politics. In The Effects of Television (J. D. Halloran ed.). London: Panther Books.
18. BRINK, W. AND HARRIS, L. (1967) Black and White: A study of US Racial Attitudes Today. New York: Simon and Schuster.
19. BRISBANE, R. (1974) Black Activism: Racial Revolution in the United States 1954-1970. Valley Forge, PA: Judson Press.
20. BROWNHILL, S. AND HALFORD, S. (1990) Understanding women's involvement in local politics: how useful is a formal/informal dichotomy? Political Geography 9(4), 197.
21. CAI LING (1989) Eyewitness to Beijing massacre. E-mail message received by James B. Campbell, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 16 June.
22. CALHOUN, C. (1989) Tiananmen, television and the public sphere: internationalization of culture and the Beijing spring of 1989. Public Culture 2, 54-71.
23. CASTELLS, M. (1983) The City and the Grassroots. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
24. CASTELLS, M. (1989) The Informational City. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
25. CHONG, D. (1991) Collective Action and the Civil Rights Movement. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
26. CROSSAN, J. D. (1989) Jesus: A Revolutionary Biography. New York: Harper Collins.
27. CULLINANE, M. (1992) Lecture at the University of Wisconsin-Madison for a course offered by the Center for Southeast Asian Studies, 14 December.
28. DE CERTEAU, M. (1984) The Practice of Everyday Life. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
29. DONOVAN, R. AND SCHERER, R. (1992) Unsilent Revolution: Television News and American Public Life, 1948-1991. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
30. DORN, P. (1989) Hopeline: communication remains the key for UW's Chinese students. Wisconsin Week (the faculty/staff newspaper of the University of Wisconsin), 14 June, 1, 3.
31. EISENSTEIN, E. (1979) The Printing Press as an Agent of Change: Communication and Cultural Transformations in Early-Modern Europe, Vols 1 and 2. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
32. ELLIOTT, D. (1989) We have enthusiasm and daring. Newsweek, 8 May, 32.
33. ELLISON, R. (1947) The Invisible Man. New York: Random House.
34. FIRESTEIN, D. (1990) Beijing Spring. 1989: An Outsider's Inside Account. Austin, TX: Banner Press.
35. FISKE, J. AND HARTLEY, J. (1978) Reading Television. London and New York: Methuen.
36. GASTON, M. AND KENNEDY, M. (1987) Capital investment or community development? The struggle for land control by Boston's Black and Latino community. Antipode 19, 178-209.
37. GIDDENS, A. (1984) The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
38. GITLIN, T. (1972) Sixteen notes on television and the movement. In Literature in Revolution (G. A. White and C. Newman eds) pp. 335-366. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
39. GITLIN, T. (1980) The Whole World is Watching: Mass Media in the Making and Unmaking of the New Left. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
40. GITLIN, T. (1987) The Sixties, Years of Hope, Days of Rage. New York: Bantam Books.
41. GOULD, P. (1991) Dynamic structures of geographic space. In Collapsing Space and Time: Geographic Aspects of Communication and Information (S. Brunn and T. R. Leinbach eds) pp. 3-30. London: Harper Collins.
42. GOULD, P., JOHNSON, J. AND CHAPMAN, G. (1984) The Structure of Television. London: Pion Ltd.
43. GREGORY, D. (1978) Ideology, Science and Human Geography. London: Hutchinson.
44. HALL, S. (1973) Encoding and decoding in the television discourse. Mimeographed paper, Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, University of Birmingham, UK.
45. HALLIN, D. (1986a) Cartography, community, and the Cold War. In Reading the News (R. K. Manoff and M. Schudson eds) pp. 109-145. New York: Pantheon.
46. HALLIN, D. (1986b) We keep America on top of the world. In Watching Television (T. Gitlin ed.) pp. 9-41. New York: Pantheon.
47. HARVEY, D. (1989) The Condition of Postmodernity. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
48. HARVEY, D. (1993) From space to place and back again: Reflections on the condition of postmodernity. In Mapping the Futures: Local Cultures, Global Change (J. Bird, B. Curtis, T. Putnam, G. Robertson and L. Tickner eds) pp. 3-29. London and New York: Routledge.
49. HEPWORTH, M. (1990) Geography of the Information Economy. New York: Guilford Press.
50. HERMAN, E. AND CHOMSKY, N. (1988) Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media. New York: Pantheon Books.
51. HEROD, A. (1991) The production of scale in United States labour relations. Area 23, 82-88.
52. HERSHKOVITZ, L. (1993) Tiananmen Square and the politics of place. Political Geography 12, 395-420.
53. HOPKINS, J. (1994) A mapping of cinematic spaces: icons, ideology, and the power of (mis)representation. In Place, Power and Spectacle: A Geography of Film (S. Aitken and L. Zonn eds) pp. 47-65. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
54. JOAQUIN, N. (1986) Quartet of the Tiger Moon. Manila: Book Stop.
55. JONAS, A. E. G. (1994) Editorial: the scale politics of spatiality. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 12(3), 257-264.
56. KING, M. L. (1958) Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story. New York: Harper & Row.
57. KING, M. L. (1969) Letter from the Birmingham jail. In On Civil Disobedience(R. A. Goldwin ed.). Chicago, IL: Rand McNally.
58. KING, M. L. (1958) Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story. New York: Harper & Row.
59. KIRBY, A. (1988) Context, common sense and the reality of place: a critical reading of Meyrowitz. Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior 18, 239-250.
60. KIRBY, A. (1989) A sense of place. Criticial Studies in Mass Communication 6, 322-326.
61. KIRBY, A. (1993) Power/Resistance. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
62. KRIPPENDORFF, K. (1980) Content Analysis: An Introduction to its Methodology. Sage CommText Series, Vol. 5. Beverley Hills, CA and London: Sage Publications.
63. KWAN, M. (1990) Broken Portraits: Personal Encounters with Chinese Students. San Francisco, CA: China Books & Periodicals.
64. LAKE, R. (1994) Negotiating local autonomy. Political Geography 13, 423-442.
65. LANGDALE, J. (1989) The geography of international business telecommunications: the role of leased networks. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 19, 501-522.
66. LEFEBVRE, H. (1991) The Production of Space. Oxford: Blackwell.
67. LENTZ, R. (1990) Symbols, the News Magazines, and Martin Luther King. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.
68. LIPSKY, M. (1968) Protest as a political resource. American Political Science Review 62, 1144-1158.
69. LIPSKY, M. (1970) Protest in City Politics: Rent Strikes, Housing and the Power of the Poor. Chicago, IL: Rand McNally and Company.
70. LIU, M., TURNLEY, D. AND TURNLEY, P. (1989) Beijing Spring. New York: Stewart, Tabori & Chang.
71. LORD, B. B. (1990) Legacies: A Chinese mosaic. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
72. LUKE, T. (1989) Screens of Power. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
73. LUKE, T. (1994) Placing power/siting space: the politics of global and local in the New World Order. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 12, 613-628.
74. LULL, J. (1991) China Turned On: Television, Reform and Resistance. London and New York: Routledge.
75. MANNING, F. (1983) The Celebration of Society: Perspectives on Contemporary Cultural Performance. Bowling Green, OH: Bowling Green University Popular Press.
76. MANOFF, R. K. AND SCHUDSON, M. (1986) Reading the News. New York: Pantheon.
77. MARAMBA, A. (1987) On the Scene: The Philippine Press Coverage of the 1986 Revolution. Metro Manila: Solar Publishing Corporation.
78. MARK, S. (1991) Observing the observers at Tiananmen Square: Freedom, democracy and the news media in China's student movement. In Culture and Politics in China: An Anatomy of Tiananmen Square (P. Li, S. Mark and M. Li eds) pp. 259-284. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
79. MASSEY, D. (1994) Space, Place and Gender. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
80. MATTHEWS, D.R. AND PROTHRO, J.W. (1966) Negroes and the New Southern Politics. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World.
81. MCCOMBS, M. AND SHAW, D. (1972) The agenda setting function of mass media. Public Opinion Quarterly 36, 176-187.
82. MCCOMBS, M. AND SHAW, D. (1976) Structuring the 'Unseen Environment'. Journal of Communication (Spring), 18-22.
83. MCLUHAN, M. (1962) The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
84. MCLUHAN, M. AND FIORE, Q. (1967) The Medium is the Massage. New York: Bantam Books.
85. MEIER, A. AND RUDWICK, E. (1976) The origins of nonviolent direct action in Afro-American protest: a note on historical discontinuities. In Along the Color Line: Explorations in the Black Experience (A. Meier and E. Ridwick eds). Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
86. MEIER, A., BRACEY, J. AND RUDWICK, E. (1991) Black Protest in the Sixties. New York: Markus Wiener Publishing.
87. MITCHELL, D. (1995) The end of public space? People's Park, definitions of the public, and democracy. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 85(1), 108-133.
88. MOSCO, V. AND WASCO, J. (1988) The Political Economy of Information. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press.
89. MOSS, M. (1987) Telecommunications, world cities, and urban policy. Urban Studies 24, 534-546.
90. NEMENZO, F. (1986) Military intervention in Philippine politics. Diliman Review 34(5), 1, 16-25.
91. NEWSWEEK (1989) Technologies of freedom. A table with data from the University of Chicago and the Government of China. Newsweek, 19 June, 29.
92. NICOL, L. (1985) Communications technology: economic and spatial impacts. In High Technology, Space, and Society (M. Castells ed.) pp. 191-209. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications (Urban Affairs Annual Reviews, Vol. 28).
93. NICOL, L. (1985) Communications technology: economic and spatial impacts. In High Technology, Space, and Society (M. Castells ed.) pp. 191-209. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications (Urban Affairs Annual Reviews, Vol. 28).
94. OLSSON, G. (1993) Chiasm of thought and action. Environment and Planning. D: Society and Space 11, 279-294.
95. O'TUATHAIL, G. AND LUKE, T. (1994) Present at the (dis)integration: deterritorialization and reterritorialization in the new wor(l)d order. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 84, 381-398.
96. PARENTI, M. (1986) Inventing Reality: The Politics of the Mass Media. New York: St Martin's Press.
97. PEIRCE, C. S. (1955) Philosophical Writings of Peirce (J. Buchier ed.). New York: Dover.
98. PENLEY, C. AND ROSS, A., EDS (1991) Technoculture (Cultural Politics, Vol. 3). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
99. PRED, A. (1990) Lost Words and Lost Worlds: Modernity and the Language of Everyday Life in Late Nineteenth-Century Stockholm. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
100. REISS, J. (1989) The camera's red glare. Washington Journalism Review (September), 27-30.
101. RHEINGOLD, H. (1993) The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier. New York: Addison Wesley.
102. ROBERTS, G. (1991) The story of Snick: from 'freedom high' to Black Power. Reprinted in Black Protest in the Sixties (A. Meiers, J. Bracy and E. Rudwick eds). New York: Markus Wiener Publishing (originally published in New York Times Magazine, 25 September 1966).
103. ROBERTS, G. (1991) The story of Snick: from 'freedom high' to Black Power. Reprinted in Black Protest in the Sixties (A. Meiers, J. Bracy and E. Rudwick eds). New York: Markus Wiener Publishing (originally published in New York Times Magazine, 25 September 1966).
104. ROBERTS, S. (1989) The battle for democracy. US News and World Report, 22 May, 35-38.
105. ROSENGREN, K. E. ED (1981) Advances in Content Analysis. Sage Annual Reviews of Communication, Vol. 9. Beverley Hills, CA and London: Sage Publications.
106. ROSS, K. (1988) The Emergence of Social Space: Rimbaud and the Paris Commune. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
107. RUSH, J. (1986a) Bringing Marcos down. Part II: the opposition divided. In Universities Field Staff International (UFSI) Reports 1986/No.6 Asia. Indianapolis, IA: Universities Field Staff International.
108. RUSH, J. (1986b) Bringing Marcos down. Part III: suspending disbelief. In Universities Field Staff International (UDSI) Reports 1986/No.7 Asia. Indianapolis, IA: Universities Field Staff International.
109. RUSH, J. (1986c) Bringing Marcos down. Part IV: conclusion. In Universities Field Staff International (UFSI) Reports 1986/No.29 Asia. Indianapolis, IA: Universities Field Staff International.
110. SACK, R. D. (1986) Human Territoriality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
111. SAID, E. (1979) Orientalism. New York: Vintage.
112. SAMUELS, M. AND SAMUELS, C, (1989) Beijing and the power of place in modern China. In The Power of Place (J. Agnew and J. Duncan eds). Boston: Unwin Hyman.
113. SCHATTSCHNEIDER, E. E. (1960) The Semisovereign People: A Realist's View of Democracy in America. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
114. SCHELL, O. (1989) China's Spring. New York Review of Books, 29 June, 3-8.
115. SCOTT, J. C. (1990) Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
116. SHAPIRO, J. AND LIANG HENG (1986) Cold Winds, Warm Winds: Intellectual Life in China Today. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press.
117. SIMONS, L. (1987) Worth Dying For. New York: William Morrow and Company.
118. SMITH, A. (1980) The Geopolitics of Information. New York: Oxford University Press.
119. SMITH, N. (1992) Contours of a spatialized politics: homeless vehicles and the production of geographical scale. Social Text 33, 55-81.
120. SMITH, N. (1993) Homeless/global: scaling places. In Mapping the Futures: Local Cultures, Global Change (J. Bird, B. Curtis, T. Putnam, G. Robertson and L. Tickner eds). London and New York: Routledge.
121. SOJA, E. (1989) Postmodern Geographies: The Reassertion of Space in Criticial Social Theory. London and New York: Verso.
122. STAEHELI, L. (1994) Empowering political struggle: spaces and scales of resistance. Political Geography 13, 387-391.
123. STIEHM, J. (1972) Nonviolent Power: Active and Passive Resistance in America. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath and Company.
124. SULLIVAN, L. R. (1990) The emergence of civil society in China, Spring 1989. In The Chinese People's Movement: Perspectives on Spring 1989 (T. Saich ed.). Armonk, NY and London: M. E. Sharpe.
125. TAYLOR, P. (1995) Beyond containers: internationally, interstateness, interterritoriality. Progress in Human Geography 19(1), 1-15.
126. THRIFT, N. (1985) Flies and germs: a geography of knowledge. In Social Relations and Spatial Structures (D. Gregory and J. Urry eds). New York: St Martin's Press.
127. TOFFLER, A. (1970) Future Shock. New York: Bantam Books.
128. TOFFLER, A. (1980) The Third Wave. London: Pan.
129. TUAN, Y. F. (1982) Segmented Worlds and Self: Group Life and Individual Consciousness. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
130. WATTERS, P. (1991) Why the negro children march. Reprinted in Black Protest in the Sixties (A. Meiers, J. Bracey and E. Rudwick eds) pp. 96-106. New York: Markus Wiener Publishing (originally published in New York Times Magazine, 21 March 1965).
131. WATTERS, P. (1991) Why the negro children march. Reprinted in Black Protest in the Sixties (A. Meiers, J. Bracey and E. Rudwick eds) pp. 96-106. New York: Markus Wiener Publishing (originally published in New York Times Magazine, 21 March 1965).
132. WEBBER, M. (1964) The urban place and the nonplace urban realm. In Explorations into Urban Structure (M. Webber, J. Dyckman, J. Foley, A. Guttenberg, W. Wheaton and C. Wurster) pp. 79-153. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
133. WESTLEY, B. H. AND MACLEAN, M. (1957) A conceptual model for mass communication research. Journalism Quarterly 34, 31-38.
134. WOODWARD, C. V. (1974) The Strange Career of Jim Crow. New York: Oxford University Press.
135. WOLFE, M. (1970) Lunch at the Five and Ten. New York: Stein and Day.
136. ZINN, H. (1964) SNCC: The New Abolitionists. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.