Cognitive enhancement: New strategies for stimulating cholinergic, glutamatergic, and nitric oxide systems

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Volumn 786, Issue , 1996, Pages 348-361

  Ingram, Donald K ^a   Shimada, Atsuyoshi ^a,c   Spangler, Edward L ^a   Ikari, Hiroyuki ^b   Hengemihle, John ^a   Kuo, Hui ^a   Greig, Nigel ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING   (United States)

^b NAGOYA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

^c Columbia University ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; GLUTAMIC ACID; GLYCINE; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR; NEUROTRANSMITTER; NITRIC OXIDE; POLYAMINE;

ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; CELL REGENERATION; CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM; COGNITION; CONFERENCE PAPER; CONTROLLED STUDY; HUMAN; LEARNING; LONG TERM POTENTIATION; MALE; MAZE TEST; NERVE CELL DEGENERATION; NONHUMAN; RAT; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0029783797     PISSN: 00778923     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb39076.x     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING. 1995. Progress Report on Alzheimer's Disease. U.S. Government Printing Office NIH Publication #95-3994. Washington, DC.
2. PATEL, S. V. 1995. Pharmacotherapy of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease: a review. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. 8: 81-95.
3. ROSES, A. D. 1995. Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer's disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 4725-4727.
4. GAMES, D., D. ADAMS, R. ALLESANDRINI, R. BARBOUR, P. BERTHELETTE, C. BLACKWELL et al. 1995. Alzheimer-type neuropathology in transgenic mice overexpressing V71F β-amyloid precursor protein. Nature 373: 523-527.
5. POMPONI, M., E. GIACOBINI & M. BRUFANI. 1990. Present state and future development of the therapy of Alzheimer disease. Aging 2: 125-153.
6. CROOK, T., R. T. BARTUS, S. FERRIS, P. WHTTEHOUSE, G. COHEN & S. GERSHON. 1986. Age-associated memory impairment: proposed diagnostic criteria and measures of clinical change - Report of a National Institute of Mental Health Work Group. Dev. Neuropsychiatry 2: 261-276.
7. CROOK, T. & G. J. LARRABEE. 1988. Age-associated memory impairment: diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies. Psychopharmacol. Bul. 24: 509-514.
8. INGRAM, D. K. 1985. Analysis of age-related impairments in learning and memory in rodent models. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 444: 313-331.
9. INGRAM, D. K. 1988. Complex maze learning in rodents as a model of age-related memory impairment. Neurobiol. Aging 9: 475-485.
10. INGRAM, D. K., E. L. SPANGLER, S. IIJIMA, H. IKARI, H. KUO, N. H. GREIG & E. D. LONDON. 1994. Rodent models of memory dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease and normal aging: moving beyond the cholinergic hypothesis. Life Sci. 55: 2037-2049.
11. ALTMAN, H. J., S. O. OGREN, R. F. BERMAN & H. J. NORMILE. 1989. The effects of p-chloroamphetamine, a depletor of brain serotonin, on the performance of rats in two types of positively reinforced complex spatial discrimination tasks. Behav. Neural Biol. 52: 131-144.
12. BARNES, C. A. 1991. Memory changes with age: neurobiological correlates. In Learning and Memory: a Biological View. J. L. Martinez & R. P. Kesner, Eds. 259-298. Academic Press. San Diego, CA.
13. BARTUS, R. T., R. L. DEAN, B. BEER & A. S. LIPPA. 1982. The cholinergic hypothesis of geriatric memory dysfunction. Science 217: 408-412.
14. COLLERTON, D. 1986. Cholinergic function and intellectual decline in Alzheimer's disease. Neuroscience 19: 1-28.
15. HAGAN, J. J. 1994. The status of the cholinergic hypothesis of dementia. In Anti-Dementia Agents. D. Nicholson, Ed. 86-138. Academic Press. San Diego, CA.
16. CASSIDY, F., B. S. ORLEK & M. S. HADLEY. 1994. Chemical approaches to the enhancement of cholinergic function for the treatment of senile dementia. In Anti-Dementia Agents. D. Nicholson, Ed. 34-83. Academic Press. San Diego, CA.
17. GREIG, N. H., X-F. PEI, T. T. SONCRANT, D. K. INGRAM & A. BROSSI. 1995. Phenserine and ring C hetero-analogues: drug candidates for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Med. Res. Rev. 15: 3-31.
18. THOMSEN, T. & H. KEWITZ. 1990. Selective inhibition of human acetylcholinesterase by galanthamine in vitro and in vivo. Life Sci. 46: 1553-1558.
19. IIJIMA, S., N. H. GREIG, P. GAROFALO, E. L. SPANGLER, B. HELLER, A. BROSSI & D. K. INGRAM. 1993. Phenserine: a physostigmine derivative that is a long-acting inhibitor of cholinesterase and demonstrates a wide dose range for attenuating a scopolamine-induced learning impairment of rats in a 14-unit T-maze. Psychopharmacology 112: 415-420.
20. IKARI, H., E. L. SPANGLER, N. H. GREIG, X-F. PEI, A. BROSSI, D. SPEER, N. PATEL & D. K. INGRAM. 1995. Maze learning in aged rats is enhanced by phenserine, a novel anticholinesterase. Neuroreport 6: 481-484.
21. GREIG, N. H., D. K. INGRAM, X-F. PEI, H. W. HOLLOWAY, A. BROSSI & T. T. SONCRANT. 1995. Phenserine, a new drug for Alzheimer's disease: favorable toxicity profile. Soc. Neurosci. Abst. 21: 1976.
22. EAGGER, S. A., R. LEVY & B. J. SAHAKIAN. 1991. Tacrine in Alzheimer's disease. Lancet 337: 989-992.
23. HAROUTUNIAN, V., N. H. GREIG, R. GLUCK, E. FIBER, K. L. DAVIS & W. C. WALLACE. 1995. Selective attenuation of lesion-induced increases in secreted B-APP by acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Soc. Neurosci. Abst. 21: 502.
24. GREENAMYRE, J. T. & A. B. YOUNG. 1989. Excitatory amino acids and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol. Aging 10: 593-602.
25. NEARY, D., J. S. SNOWDEN, D. M. MANN, D. M. BOWEN, N. R. SIMS, B. NORTHEN, P. O. YATES & A. N. DAVISON. 1986. Alzheimer's disease: a correlative study. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 49: 229-237.
26. MULLER, W. E., K. SCHEUER & S. STOLL. 1994. Glutamatergic treatment strategies for age-related memory disorders. Life Sci. 55: 2147-2153.
27. JOHNSON, J. W. & P. ASCHER. 1987. Glycine potentiates the NMDA response in cultured mouse brain neurons. Nature 325: 529-531.
28. WILLIAMS, K., C. ROMANO, M. A. DICHTER & P. B. MOLINOFF. 1991. Modulation of the NMDA receptor by polyamines. Life Sci. 48: 469-498.
29. MORRIS, R. G. M., S. DAVIS & S. P. BUTCHER. 1989. The role of NMDA receptors in learning and memory. In The NMDA receptor. J. C. Watkins & G. L. Collingbridge, Eds. 137-151. IRL Press. Oxford.
30. CHOI, D. W. & S. M. ROTHMAN. 1990. The role of glutamate neurotoxicity in hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 13: 171-182.
31. STONE, T. W. 1994. Excitatory amino acids and dementia. In Anti-Dementia Agents. D. Nicholson, Ed. 229-249. Academic Press. San Diego, CA.
32. SCRIABINE, A., T. SCHUURMAN & J. TRABER. 1989. Pharmacological basis for the use of nimodipine in central nervous system disorders. FASEB J. 3: 1799-1806.
33. INORAM, D. K., J. A. JOSEPH, E. L. SPANGLER, D. ROBERTS, J. HENGEMIHLE & R. J. FANELLI. 1994. Chronic nimodipine treatment in aged rats: analysis of motor and cognitive effects and muscarinic-induced striatal dopamine release. Neurobiol. Aging 15: 55-61.
34. SPANGLER, E. L., P. GAROFALO, E. L. BRESNAHAN, N. J. MUTH, B. HELLER & D. K. INGRAM. 1991. NMDA receptor channel antagonism by dizocilpine (MK-801) impairs performance of rats in aversively-motivated complex maze tasks. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 40: 949-958.
35. INGRAM, D. K., P. GAROFALO, E. L. SPANGLER, C. R. MANTIONE, I. ODANO & E. D. LONDON. 1992. Reduced density of NMDA receptors and increased sensitivity to dizocilpine-induced learning impairment in aged rats. Brain Res. 580: 273-280.
36. INGRAM, D. K., A. SHIMADA, A. MUKHIN & E. D. LONDON. 1995. Evaluating the glutamate hypothesis of geriatric memory impairment: focus on hippocampal NMDA receptors. Perspect. Brain Aging Res. In press.
37. 3H]CGS 19755: effects of aging and chronic nimodipine, Neurobiol. Aging. In press.
38. SHIMADA, A., A. MUKHIN, D. K. INGRAM & E. D. LONDON. 1995. N-methyl-D-asparate receptor binding in brains of rats of different aging. Neurobiol. Aging. In press.
39. PALMER, A. M. 1991. Excitatory amino acid neurons and receptors in Alzheimer's disease. In Neurobiology of the NMDA Receptor: from Chemistry to Clinic. A. P. Kozikowski & G. Barrionuevo, Eds. 203-237. VCH Publishers. New York, NY.
40. MYHRER, T. 1993. Animal models of Alzheimer's disease: glutamatergic denervation as an alternative approach to cholinergic denervation. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 17: 195-202.
41. STEELE, J. E., A. M. PALMER, G. C. STRATMANN & D. M. BOWEN. 1989. The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex in Alzheimer's disease: reduced regulation by glycine but not zinc. Brian Res. 500: 369-373.
42. HERTTNG, R. L. 1991. Milacemide and other drugs active at glutamate NMDA receptors as potential treatment for dementia. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 640: 237-240.
43. PALMER, A. M. & M. A. BURNS. 1994. Preservation of redox, polyamine, and glycine modulatory domains of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in Alzheimer's disease. J. Neurochem. 62: 187-196.
44. SCHWARTZ, B. L., R. L. HASHTROUDI, H. HERTING, H. ANDERSON & S. I. DEUTSCH. 1991. Glycine prodrug facilitates memory retrieval in humans. Neurology 41: 1341-1343.
45. FINKELSTEIN, J. E., J. M. HENGEMIHLE, D. K. INGRAM & H. L. PETRI. 1994. Milacemide treatment in mice enhances acquisition of a Morris-type water maze task. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 49: 707-710.
46. HANDELMANN, G. E., M. E. NEVINS, L. L. MUELLER, S. M. ARONOLD & A. A. CORDI. 1989. Milacemide, a glycine prodrug, enhances performance of learning tasks in normal and amnestic rodents. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 34: 823-828.
47. QUARTERMAIN, D., T. NUYGEN, J. SHEU & R. L. HERTING. 1991. Milacemide enhances memory storage and alleviates spontaneous forgetting in mice. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 39: 31-35.
48. BAXTER, M. G., T. H. LANTHORN, K. M. FRICK, S. GOLDKI et al. 1994. D-cycloserine, a novel cognitive enhancer, improves spatial memory in aged rats. Neurobiol. Aging 15: 207-213.
49. FLOOD, J. F., J. E. MORLEY & T. H. LANTHORN. 1992. Effect on memory processing by D-cycloserine, an agonist of the NMDA/glycine receptor. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 221: 249-254.
50. MONAHAN, J. B., G. E. HANDELMANN, W. F. HOOD & A. A. CORDI. 1989. D-cycloserine, a positive modulator of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor enhances performance of learning tasks in rats. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 34: 649-653.
51. CHESSELL, I. P., A. W. PROCTOR, P. T. FRANCIS & D. M. BOWEN. 1991. D-cycloserine, a putative cognitive enhancer, facilitates activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-inophore complex in Alzheimer brain. Brain Res. 565: 345-348.
52. SHIMADA, A., E. L. SPANGLER, E. D. LONDON & D. K. INGRAM. 1994. Spermidine potentiates dizocilpine-induced impairment of learning performance by rats in a 14-unit T-maze. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 263: 293-300.
53. SHIMADA, A., E. D. LONDON, A. MUKHIN, E. L. SPANGLER & D. K. INGRAM. 1994. Polyamine modulation of NMDA receptors as a strategy for cognitive enhancement in aged rats. Soc. Neurosci. Abst. In press.
54. PALMER, A. M. & S. GERSHON. 1990. Is the neuronal basis of Alzheimer's disease cholinergic or glutamatergic? FASEB J. 4: 2745-2752.
55. FISHKIN, R. J., E. S. INCE, W. A. CARLEZON & R. W. DUNN. 1993. D-cycloserine attenuates scopolamine-induced learning and memory deficits in rats. Behav. Neural Biol. 59: 150-157.
56. ROTH, G. S., J. A. JOSEPH & R. P. MASON. 1995. Membrane alterations as causes of impaired signal transduction in Alzheimer's disease and aging. Trends Neurosci. 18: 203-206.
57. BREDT, D. S., P. M. HWANG & S. H. SNYDER. 1990. Localization of nitric oxide synthase indicating neural role for nitric oxide. Nature 347: 768-770.
58. GARTHWAITE, J. 1991. Glutamate, nitric oxide and cell-cell signalling in the nervous system. Trends Neurosci. 14: 60-67.
59. KOESLING, D., P. HUMBERT & G. SCHULTZ. 1995. The NO receptor: characterization and regulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase. In Nitric Oxide in the Nervous System. S. Vincent, Ed. 43-50. Academic Press. San Diego, CA.
60. BOHME, G. A., C. BON, J-M. STUTZMANN, A. DOBLE & J. C. BLANCHARD. 1991. Possible involvement of nitric oxide in long-term potentiation. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 199: 379-381.
61. CHAPMAN, P. F., C. M. ATKINS, M. T. ALLEN, J. E. HALEY & J. E. STEINMETZ. 1992. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis impairs two different forms of learning. Neuroreport 3: 567-570.
62. MADISON, D. V. & E. M. SCHUMAN. 1991. A requirement for the intercellular messenger nitric oxide in long-term potentiation. Science 254: 1503-1506.
63. HALEY, J. E., G. L. WILCOX & P. F. CHAPMAN. 1992. The role of nitric oxide in hippocampal long-term potentiation. Neuron 8: 211-216.
64. BANNERMAN, D. M., P. F. CHAPMAN, P. A. T. KELLY, S. P. BUTCHER & R. G. M. MORRIS. 1994. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase does not impair spatial learning. J. Neurosci. 14: 7404-7414.
65. O'DELL, T. J., P. L. HUANG, T. M. DAWSON, J. L. DINERMAN et al. 1994. Endothelial NOS and the blockade of LTP by NOS inhibitors. Science 265: 542-546.
66. HUANG, Z., P. L. HUANG, N. PANAHIAN, T. DALKARA et al. 1994. Effects of cerebral ischemia in mice deficient in neuronal nitric oxide synthase. 265: 1883-1885.
67. YAMAMOTO, S., E. V. GOLANOV, S. B. BERGER & D. J. REIS. 1992. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis increases focal ischemic infarction in rat. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 12: 717-726.
68. ZHANG, F., J. G. WHITE & C. IADECOLA. 1994. Nitric oxide donors increase blood flow and reduce brain damage in focal ischemia: Evidence that nitric oxide is beneficial in early stages of cerebral ischemia. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 14: 217-226.
69. INGRAM, D. K., E. SPANGLER, D. ROBERTS, S. IIJIMA & E. D. LONDON. 1992. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition by N w-nitro-L-arginine impairs learning of rats in a 14-unit T-maze. Neurosci. Abst. 18: 1220.
70. RAND, M. J. & C. G. LI. 1995. Nitric oxide in the autonomic and enteric nervous system. In Nitric Oxide in the Nervous System. S. Vincent, Ed. 227-279. Academic Press. San Diego, CA.
71. VARNER, P. D. & J. S. BECKMAN. 1995. Nitric oxide toxicity in neuronal injury and degeneration. In Nitric Oxide in the Nervous System. S. Vincent, Ed. 43-50. Academic Press. San Diego, CA.
72. MOORE, P. K., P. WALLACE, Z. GAFFEN, S. L. HART & R. C. BABBEDGE. 1993. Characterization of the novel nitric oxide synthase inhibitor 7-nitro indazole and related indazoles: antinociceptive and cardiovascular effects. Br. J. Pharmacol. 110: 219-224.
73. MAYER, B. 1995. Biochemistry and molecular pharmacology of nitric oxide synthases. In Nitric Oxide in the Nervous System. S. Vincent, Ed. 21-42. Academic Press. San Diego, CA.
74. VINCENT, S. R. 1995. Localization of the nitric oxide neurons in the central nervous system. In Nitric Oxide in the Nervous System. S. Vincent, Ed. 83-102. Academic Press. San Diego, CA.
75. HYMAN, B. T., K. MARZLOFF, J. J. WENNIGER, T. M. DAWSON, D. S. BREDT & S. H. SNYDER. 1992. Relative sparing of nitric oxide synthase-containing neurons in the hippocampal formation in Alzheimer's disease. Ann. Neurol. 32: 818-820.
76. REBECK, G. W., W. K. MARZLOFF & B. T. HYMAN. 1993. The pattern of NADPH-diaphorase staining, a marker of nitric oxide synthase activity, is altered in the perforant pathway terminal zone in Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci. Lett. 152: 165-168.
77. FERRANTE, R. J., N. W. KOWALL, M. F. BEAL, E. P. RICHARDSON, E. D. BIRD & J. B. MARTIN. 1985. Selective sparing of a class of striatal neurons in Huntington's disease. Science 230: 561-563.
78. DAWSON, V. L., T. M. DAWSON, E. D. LONDON, D. S. BREDT & S. H. SNYDER. 1991. Nitric oxide mediates glutamate neurotoxicity in primary cortical cultures. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 6368-6371.
79. KAWAMATA, T., S. NAKAMURA, I. AKIGUCHI, J. KIMURA, M. KAMEYAMA, H. KIMURA & T. TAKEDA. 1992. Effect of aging on NADPH-diaphorase neurons in laterodorsal tegmental nucleus and striatum of mice. Neurobiol. Aging 11: 185-192.
80. KUO, H., J. HENGEMIHLE & D. K. INGRAM. 1995. Effect of aging on NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry in the rat hippocampus and striatum. Soc. Neurosci. Abst. 21: 471.