-
1
-
-
9544250579
-
Canadian climate normals
-
Environment Canada, Downsview, Ontario
-
Atmospheric Environment Service (1981) Canadian climate normals. Temperature and precipitations, 1951-1980. Environment Canada, Downsview, Ontario
-
(1981)
Temperature and Precipitations, 1951-1980
-
-
-
2
-
-
0013598845
-
Canadian climate normals
-
Environment Canada. Downsview, Ontario
-
Atmospheric Environment Service (1982) Canadian climate normals. Frost, 1951-1980. Environment Canada. Downsview, Ontario
-
(1982)
Frost, 1951-1980
-
-
-
3
-
-
0022854239
-
Does herbivory benefit plants? A review of the evidence
-
Belsky AJ (1986) Does herbivory benefit plants? A review of the evidence. Am Nat 127: 870-892
-
(1986)
Am Nat
, vol.127
, pp. 870-892
-
-
Belsky, A.J.1
-
4
-
-
0028178883
-
Shoot growth dynamics and photosynthetic response to increased nitrogen availability in the alpine willow Salix glauca
-
Bowman WD, Conant RT (1994) Shoot growth dynamics and photosynthetic response to increased nitrogen availability in the alpine willow Salix glauca. Oecologia 97: 93-99
-
(1994)
Oecologia
, vol.97
, pp. 93-99
-
-
Bowman, W.D.1
Conant, R.T.2
-
5
-
-
0002168773
-
Coping with herbivory: Photosynthetic capacity and resource allocation in two semiarid Agropyron bunchgrasses
-
Caldwell MM, Richards JH, Johnson DA, Nowak RS, Dzurec RS (1981) Coping with herbivory: photosynthetic capacity and resource allocation in two semiarid Agropyron bunchgrasses. Oecologia 50: 14-24
-
(1981)
Oecologia
, vol.50
, pp. 14-24
-
-
Caldwell, M.M.1
Richards, J.H.2
Johnson, D.A.3
Nowak, R.S.4
Dzurec, R.S.5
-
6
-
-
0024872696
-
Lack of compensatory growth under phosphorus deficiency in grazing-adapted grasses from the Serengeti Plains
-
Chapin FS and McNaughton SJ (1989) Lack of compensatory growth under phosphorus deficiency in grazing-adapted grasses from the Serengeti Plains. Oecologia 79: 551-557
-
(1989)
Oecologia
, vol.79
, pp. 551-557
-
-
Chapin, F.S.1
McNaughton, S.J.2
-
8
-
-
0022206257
-
Sexuality in willows and preference by bark-eating voles: Defence or not?
-
Danell K, Elmqvist T, Ericson L, Salomonson A (1985) Sexuality in willows and preference by bark-eating voles: defence or not? Oikos 44: 82-90
-
(1985)
Oikos
, vol.44
, pp. 82-90
-
-
Danell, K.1
Elmqvist, T.2
Ericson, L.3
Salomonson, A.4
-
9
-
-
0023471528
-
Are there general patterns in bark-eating by voles on different shoot types from woody plants?
-
Danell K, Elmqvist T, Ericson L, Salomonson A (1987) Are there general patterns in bark-eating by voles on different shoot types from woody plants? Oikos 50: 396-402
-
(1987)
Oikos
, vol.50
, pp. 396-402
-
-
Danell, K.1
Elmqvist, T.2
Ericson, L.3
Salomonson, A.4
-
10
-
-
0028175212
-
Impact of a bud-galling midge on bud populations of Salix exigua
-
DeClerck-Floate R, Price PW (1994) Impact of a bud-galling midge on bud populations of Salix exigua. Oikos 70: 253-260
-
(1994)
Oikos
, vol.70
, pp. 253-260
-
-
DeClerck-Floate, R.1
Price, P.W.2
-
12
-
-
0024223473
-
Latitudinal sex ratio variation in willows, Salix spp, and gradients in vole herbivory
-
Elmqvist T, Ericson L, Danell K, Salomonson A (1988) Latitudinal sex ratio variation in willows, Salix spp, and gradients in vole herbivory. Oikos 51: 259-266
-
(1988)
Oikos
, vol.51
, pp. 259-266
-
-
Elmqvist, T.1
Ericson, L.2
Danell, K.3
Salomonson, A.4
-
13
-
-
0027041972
-
Effects of simulated herbivory on growth and reproduction of two beach annuals, Cakile edentula and Corispermum hyssopifolium
-
Gedge KE, Maun MA (1992) Effects of simulated herbivory on growth and reproduction of two beach annuals, Cakile edentula and Corispermum hyssopifolium. Can J Bot: 70: 2467-2475
-
(1992)
Can J Bot
, vol.70
, pp. 2467-2475
-
-
Gedge, K.E.1
Maun, M.A.2
-
14
-
-
0029163951
-
Does nitrogen fertilization have an impact on the trade-off between willow growth and defensive secondary metabolism?
-
Hakulinen J, Julkunen-Tiitto R, Tahvanainen J (1995) Does nitrogen fertilization have an impact on the trade-off between willow growth and defensive secondary metabolism? Trees 9: 235-240
-
(1995)
Trees
, vol.9
, pp. 235-240
-
-
Hakulinen, J.1
Julkunen-Tiitto, R.2
Tahvanainen, J.3
-
15
-
-
0020895435
-
2 assimilation of primary and regrowth foliage of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) and red oak (Quercus rubra L.): Response to defoliation
-
2 assimilation of primary and regrowth foliage of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) and red oak (Quercus rubra L.): response to defoliation. Oecologia 57: 14-19
-
(1983)
Oecologia
, vol.57
, pp. 14-19
-
-
Heichel, G.H.1
Turner, N.C.2
-
16
-
-
0027063381
-
The dilemma of plants: To grow or defend
-
Herms DA, Mattson WJ (1992) The dilemma of plants: to grow or defend. Q Rev Biol 67: 283-335
-
(1992)
Q Rev Biol
, vol.67
, pp. 283-335
-
-
Herms, D.A.1
Mattson, W.J.2
-
17
-
-
0028974087
-
Compensatory growth of three grasses following simulated grazing in relation to soil nutrient availability
-
Hicks SL, Reader RJ (1995) Compensatory growth of three grasses following simulated grazing in relation to soil nutrient availability. Can J Bot 73: 141-145
-
(1995)
Can J Bot
, vol.73
, pp. 141-145
-
-
Hicks, S.L.1
Reader, R.J.2
-
18
-
-
0025205866
-
Increases in the net above-ground primary production of a salt-marsh forage grass: A test of the predictions of the herbivore-optimization model
-
Hik DS, Jefferies RL (1990) Increases in the net above-ground primary production of a salt-marsh forage grass: a test of the predictions of the herbivore-optimization model. J Ecol 78: 180-195
-
(1990)
J Ecol
, vol.78
, pp. 180-195
-
-
Hik, D.S.1
Jefferies, R.L.2
-
20
-
-
0027431581
-
Effects of simulated herbivory and intraspecific competition on the compensatory ability of birches
-
Hjälten J, Danell K, Ericson L (1993) Effects of simulated herbivory and intraspecific competition on the compensatory ability of birches. Ecology 74: 1136-1142
-
(1993)
Ecology
, vol.74
, pp. 1136-1142
-
-
Hjälten, J.1
Danell, K.2
Ericson, L.3
-
21
-
-
0028162661
-
Effects of simulated defoliation and debudding on needle and shoot growth in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris): Implications of plant source/sink relationships for plant-herbivore studies
-
Honkanen T, Haukioja E, Suomela J (1994) Effects of simulated defoliation and debudding on needle and shoot growth in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris): implications of plant source/sink relationships for plant-herbivore studies. Funct Ecol 8: 631-639
-
(1994)
Funct Ecol
, vol.8
, pp. 631-639
-
-
Honkanen, T.1
Haukioja, E.2
Suomela, J.3
-
22
-
-
0000152337
-
A chemotaxonomic survey of phenolics in leaves of northern Salicaceae species
-
Julkunen-Tiitto R (1986) A chemotaxonomic survey of phenolics in leaves of northern Salicaceae species. Phytochemistry 25: 663-667
-
(1986)
Phytochemistry
, vol.25
, pp. 663-667
-
-
Julkunen-Tiitto, R.1
-
23
-
-
0021536769
-
Leaf herbivores decrease fitness of a tropical plant
-
Marquis RJ (1984) Leaf herbivores decrease fitness of a tropical plant. Science 226: 537-539
-
(1984)
Science
, vol.226
, pp. 537-539
-
-
Marquis, R.J.1
-
24
-
-
0024879047
-
The continuum of plant responses to herbivory: The influence of plant association, nutrient availability, and timing
-
Maschinski J, Whitham TG (1989) The continuum of plant responses to herbivory: the influence of plant association, nutrient availability, and timing. Am Nat 134: 1-19
-
(1989)
Am Nat
, vol.134
, pp. 1-19
-
-
Maschinski, J.1
Whitham, T.G.2
-
25
-
-
0027100731
-
Plant-mediated interactions between two spatially separated insects
-
Masters GJ, Brown VK (1992) Plant-mediated interactions between two spatially separated insects. Funct Ecol 6: 175-179
-
(1992)
Funct Ecol
, vol.6
, pp. 175-179
-
-
Masters, G.J.1
Brown, V.K.2
-
26
-
-
0023557132
-
The role of drought stress in provoking outbreaks of phytophagous insects
-
Barbosa P, Schultz JC (eds) Academic Press, New York
-
Mattson WJ, Haack RA (1987) The role of drought stress in provoking outbreaks of phytophagous insects. In: Barbosa P, Schultz JC (eds) Insect outbreaks. Academic Press, New York, pp 365-407
-
(1987)
Insect Outbreaks
, pp. 365-407
-
-
Mattson, W.J.1
Haack, R.A.2
-
27
-
-
0021090115
-
Compensatory plant growth as a response to herbivory
-
McNaughton SJ (1983) Compensatory plant growth as a response to herbivory. Oikos 40: 329-336
-
(1983)
Oikos
, vol.40
, pp. 329-336
-
-
McNaughton, S.J.1
-
29
-
-
0026306880
-
The impact of root herbivory as a function of plant density and competition: Survival, growth and fecundity of Centaurea maculosa in field plots
-
Müller-Schärer H (1991) The impact of root herbivory as a function of plant density and competition: survival, growth and fecundity of Centaurea maculosa in field plots. J Appl Ecol 28: 759-776
-
(1991)
J Appl Ecol
, vol.28
, pp. 759-776
-
-
Müller-Schärer, H.1
-
30
-
-
0021548079
-
A test of compensatory photosynthesis in the field: Implications for herbivory tolerance
-
Nowak RS, Caldwell MM (1984) A test of compensatory photosynthesis in the field: implications for herbivory tolerance. Oecologia 61: 311-318
-
(1984)
Oecologia
, vol.61
, pp. 311-318
-
-
Nowak, R.S.1
Caldwell, M.M.2
-
31
-
-
0027011577
-
Effect of defoliation intensity on aboveground and belowground relative growth rates
-
Oesterheld M (1992) Effect of defoliation intensity on aboveground and belowground relative growth rates. Oecologia 92: 313-316
-
(1992)
Oecologia
, vol.92
, pp. 313-316
-
-
Oesterheld, M.1
-
32
-
-
0001046217
-
Distribution of birch (Betula spp.), willow (Salix spp.), and poplar (Populus spp.) secondary metabolites and their potential role as chemical defense against herbivores
-
Palo RT (1984) Distribution of birch (Betula spp.), willow (Salix spp.), and poplar (Populus spp.) secondary metabolites and their potential role as chemical defense against herbivores. J Chem Ecol 10: 499-520
-
(1984)
J Chem Ecol
, vol.10
, pp. 499-520
-
-
Palo, R.T.1
-
33
-
-
0026270632
-
The plant vigor hypothesis and herbivore attack
-
Price PW (1991) The plant vigor hypothesis and herbivore attack. Oikos 62: 244-251
-
(1991)
Oikos
, vol.62
, pp. 244-251
-
-
Price, P.W.1
-
34
-
-
0027089569
-
Size-dependent root herbivory on Cynoglossum officinale
-
Prins AH, Nell HW, Klinkhamer PGL (1992) Size-dependent root herbivory on Cynoglossum officinale. Oikos 65: 409-413
-
(1992)
Oikos
, vol.65
, pp. 409-413
-
-
Prins, A.H.1
Nell, H.W.2
Klinkhamer, P.G.L.3
-
35
-
-
0027063819
-
Host plant preference based on salicylate chemistry in a willow leaf beetle (Chrysomela aeneicollis)
-
Rank NE (1992) Host plant preference based on salicylate chemistry in a willow leaf beetle (Chrysomela aeneicollis). Oecologia 90: 95-101
-
(1992)
Oecologia
, vol.90
, pp. 95-101
-
-
Rank, N.E.1
-
36
-
-
0025948612
-
Responses to simulated leaf and root herbivory by a biennial, Tragopogon dubius
-
Reichman OJ, Smith SC (1991) Responses to simulated leaf and root herbivory by a biennial, Tragopogon dubius. Ecology 72: 116-124
-
(1991)
Ecology
, vol.72
, pp. 116-124
-
-
Reichman, O.J.1
Smith, S.C.2
-
37
-
-
0021570519
-
Root growth response to defoliation in two Agropyron bunchgrasses: Field observations with an improved root periscope
-
Richards JH (1984) Root growth response to defoliation in two Agropyron bunchgrasses: field observations with an improved root periscope. Oecologia 64: 21-25
-
(1984)
Oecologia
, vol.64
, pp. 21-25
-
-
Richards, J.H.1
-
38
-
-
9544243913
-
Impact of the bud galler, Euura mucronata, on its resources and on the architecture of the willow host, Salix cinerea
-
Roininen H (ed) University Joensuu Publications in Sciences, Joensuu, Finland, pp
-
Roininen H, Tahvanainen J (1991) Impact of the bud galler, Euura mucronata, on its resources and on the architecture of the willow host, Salix cinerea. In: Roininen H (ed) The ecology and evolution of the host plant relationships among willow-feeding sawflies. University Joensuu Publications in Sciences, Joensuu, Finland, pp
-
(1991)
The Ecology and Evolution of the Host Plant Relationships among Willow-feeding Sawflies
-
-
Roininen, H.1
Tahvanainen, J.2
-
39
-
-
0028175346
-
Terrestrial plant tolerance to herbivory
-
Rosenthal JP, Kotanen PM (1994) Terrestrial plant tolerance to herbivory. Trends Ecol Evol 9: 145-148
-
(1994)
Trends Ecol Evol
, vol.9
, pp. 145-148
-
-
Rosenthal, J.P.1
Kotanen, P.M.2
-
40
-
-
0000535491
-
Defoliation and regrowth in the graminaceous plant: The role of current assimilate
-
Ryle GJA, Powell CE (1975) Defoliation and regrowth in the graminaceous plant: the role of current assimilate. Ann Bot 39: 297-310
-
(1975)
Ann Bot
, vol.39
, pp. 297-310
-
-
Ryle, G.J.A.1
Powell, C.E.2
-
41
-
-
0028161436
-
Reactions of the mountain birch to bud removal: Effects of severity and timing, and implications for herbivores
-
Senn J, Haukioja E (1994) Reactions of the mountain birch to bud removal: effects of severity and timing, and implications for herbivores. Funct Ecol 8: 494-501
-
(1994)
Funct Ecol
, vol.8
, pp. 494-501
-
-
Senn, J.1
Haukioja, E.2
-
42
-
-
0027063169
-
Physiological and growth responses of Centaurea maculosa (Asteraceae) to root herbivory under varying levels of interspecific plant competition and soil nitrogen availability
-
Steinger T, Müller-Schärer H (1992) Physiological and growth responses of Centaurea maculosa (Asteraceae) to root herbivory under varying levels of interspecific plant competition and soil nitrogen availability. Oecologia 91: 141-149
-
(1992)
Oecologia
, vol.91
, pp. 141-149
-
-
Steinger, T.1
Müller-Schärer, H.2
-
43
-
-
0026055603
-
Direct, indirect, and cumulative effects of three native herbivores on a shared host plant
-
Strauss SY (1991) Direct, indirect, and cumulative effects of three native herbivores on a shared host plant. Ecology 72: 543-558
-
(1991)
Ecology
, vol.72
, pp. 543-558
-
-
Strauss, S.Y.1
-
44
-
-
0026003511
-
Interactions among the effects of herbivory, competition, and resource limitation on chaparral herbs
-
Swank SE, Oechel WC (1991) Interactions among the effects of herbivory, competition, and resource limitation on chaparral herbs. Ecology 72: 104-115
-
(1991)
Ecology
, vol.72
, pp. 104-115
-
-
Swank, S.E.1
Oechel, W.C.2
-
45
-
-
0022247525
-
Phenolic glycosides govern the food selection pattern of willow feeding leaf beetles
-
Tahvanainen J, Julkunen-Tiitto R, Kettunen J (1985) Phenolic glycosides govern the food selection pattern of willow feeding leaf beetles. Oecologia 67: 52-56
-
(1985)
Oecologia
, vol.67
, pp. 52-56
-
-
Tahvanainen, J.1
Julkunen-Tiitto, R.2
Kettunen, J.3
-
47
-
-
0026459517
-
Selection for overcompensatory plant responses to herbivory: A mechanism for the evolution of plant-herbivore mutualism
-
Vail SG (1992) Selection for overcompensatory plant responses to herbivory: a mechanism for the evolution of plant-herbivore mutualism. Am Nat 139: 1-8
-
(1992)
Am Nat
, vol.139
, pp. 1-8
-
-
Vail, S.G.1
-
48
-
-
0001018472
-
Compensatory photosynthetic responses of three african graminoids to different fertilisation, watering, and clipping regimes
-
Wallace LL, McNaughton SJ, Coughenour MB (1984) Compensatory photosynthetic responses of three african graminoids to different fertilisation, watering, and clipping regimes. Bot Gaz 145: 151-156
-
(1984)
Bot Gaz
, vol.145
, pp. 151-156
-
-
Wallace, L.L.1
McNaughton, S.J.2
Coughenour, M.B.3
-
49
-
-
0021546429
-
The abundance of invertebrate herbivores in relation to the availability of nitrogen in stressed food plants
-
White TCR (1984) The abundance of invertebrate herbivores in relation to the availability of nitrogen in stressed food plants. Oecologia 63: 90-105
-
(1984)
Oecologia
, vol.63
, pp. 90-105
-
-
White, T.C.R.1
-
50
-
-
0002633474
-
Burning and browsing effects on willow growth in interior Alaska
-
Wolff JO (1978) Burning and browsing effects on willow growth in interior Alaska. J Wildlife Manage 42: 135-140
-
(1978)
J Wildlife Manage
, vol.42
, pp. 135-140
-
-
Wolff, J.O.1
|