On the law of the transverse matrix crack growth in brittle polymeric matrix composite laminates under static loadings

Journal of Composite Materials

Volumn 30, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 384-405

  Xu, Luo Yu ^a,b  

^a Jinan Branch   (China)

^b Florida Atlantic University   (United States)

Author keywords

Characteristic curve method; Composite laminates; Matrix crack growth

Indexed keywords

BRITTLENESS; CRACK INITIATION; CRACK PROPAGATION; DEFECTS; LAMINATED COMPOSITES; LOADS (FORCES); POLYMERS; PROBABILITY;

BRITTLE POLYMERIC MATRIX COMPOSITE LAMINATES; CHARACTERISTIC CURVE METHOD; LAW OF TRANSVERSE MATRIX CRACK GROWTH; MATRIX CRACK DENSITIES; STATIC LOADINGS;

NONMETALLIC MATRIX COMPOSITES;

EID: 0029756445     PISSN: 00219983     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/002199839603000305     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Hahn, H. T. and S. W. Tsai. 1974. "On the Behavior of Composite Laminates after Initial Failures," J. Composite Materials, 8(4):288-304.
2. Reifsnider, K. L. et al. 1979. "Defect-Property Relationships in Composite Materials," AFML-TR-76-81, Part 4, Air Force Materials Laboratory.
3. Garrett, K. W. and J. E. Bailey. 1977. "Multiple Transverse Fracture in 90° Cross-Ply Laminates of a Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polyester," J. of Materials Science, 12:157-168.
4. Kriz, R. D. and W. W. Stinchcomb. 1982. "Effects of Moisture, Residual Thermal Curing Stresses, and Mechanical Load on the Damage Development in Quasi-Isotropic Laminates," Damage in Composite Materials, ASTM STP 775, K. L. Reifsnider, ed., Philadelphia, pp. 63-80.
5. Highsmith, A. L. and K. L. Reifsnider. 1982. "Stiffness-Reduction Mechanisms in Composite Laminates," Damage in Composite Materials, ASTM STP 775, K. L. Reifsnider, ed., Philadelphia, pp. 103-117.
6. Flaggs, D. L. and M. H. Kural. 1982. "Experimental Determination of the In situ Transverse Lamina Strength in Graphite/Epoxy," J. Composite Materials, 16(2): 103-116.
7. Crossman, F. W. and A. S. D. Wang. 1982. "The Dependence of Transverse Cracking and Delamination on Ply Thickness in Graphite/Epoxy Laminates," Damage in Composite Materials, ASTM STP 775, K. L. Reifsnider, ed., Philadelphia, pp. 118-139.
8. Wang, A. S. D., P. C. Chou and S. C. Lei. 1984. "A Stochastic Model for the Growth of Matrix Cracks in Composite Laminates," J. Composite Materials, 18:239-254.
9. Fukunaga, H., T. W. Chou, P. W. R. Peters and K. Schulte. 1984. "Probabilistic Failure Strength Analyses of Graphite/Epoxy Crossply Laminates," J. Composite Materials, 18:339-356.
10. Wang, A. S. D. 1984. "Fracture Mechanics of Sublaminate Cracks in Composite Materials," Composite Technology Review, 6(2):45-62.
11. Hashin, Z. 1985. "Analysis of Cracked Laminate: a Variational Approach," Mechanics of Materials, 4:121-136.
12. Flaggs, D. L. 1985. "Prediction of Tensile Matrix Failure in Composite Laminates," J. Composite Materials, 19(1):29-50.
13. Talreja, R. 1985. "Transverse Cracking and Stiffness Reduction in Composite Laminates," J. Composite Materials, 19:355-375.
14. Kistner, M. D., J. M. Whitney and C. E. Browning. 1985. "First-Ply Failure of Graphite/Epoxy Laminates," Recent Advances in Composites in United States and Japan, ASTM STP864, J. R. Vinson and M. Taya, eds., Philadelphia, pp. 44-61.
15. s GFRP Laminate," Composite Sci. and Tech., 22(1):23-31.
16. Herakovich, C. T. and M. W. Hyer. 1986. "Damage-Induced Property Change in Composites Subjected to Cyclic Thermal Loading," Engr. Fracture Mech., 35(5/6):779-791.
17. Dvorak, G. J. and N. Laws. 1987. "Analysis of Progressive Matrix Cracking in Composite Laminates: 2. First Ply Failure," J. Composite Materials, 21(4):309-329.
18. Caslini, M., C. Zanotti and T. K. O'Brien. 1987. "Study of Matrix Cracking and Delamination in Glass/Epoxy Laminate," J. Composite Tech. and Research, 9:121-130.
19. Allen, D. H., S. E. Grove and C. E. Harris. 1987. "A Cumulative Damage Model for Continuous Fiber Composite Laminates with Matrix Cracking and Interply Delaminations," Composite Materials: Testing and Design (Eight Conf.), ASTM STP 972, J. D. Whitcomb, ed., Philadelphia, pp. 57-80.
20. Sun, C. T. and K. C. Jen. 1987. "On the Effect of Matrix Cracks on Laminate Strength," J. of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 6(7):208-222.
21. Peters, P. W. M. and T. W. Chou. 1987. "On the Cross-Ply Cracking in Glass and Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Laminates," Composites, 18:40-46.
22. Hahn, H. T., Y. M. Han and R. Y. Kim. 1988. "Resistance Curves for Ply Cracking in Composite Laminates," Proceedings of the 33rd International SAMPE Symposium, pp. 1101-1108.
23. Han, Y. M., H. T. Hahn and R. B. Croman. 1988. "A Simplified Analysis of Transverse Ply Cracking in Cross-Ply Laminates," Composite Sci. and Tech., 31(2):165-177.
24. Laws, N. and G. J. Dvorak. 1988. "Progressive Transverse Cracking in Composite Laminates," J. Composite Materials, 22(5):900-916.
25. Lim, S. G. and C. S. Hong. 1989. "Prediction of Transverse Cracking and Stiffness Reduction in Cross-Ply Laminated Composites," J. Composite Materials, 23:900-916.
26. Tan, S. C. and R. J. Nuismer. 1989. "A Theory for Progressive Matrix Cracking in Composite Laminates," J. Composite Materials, 23:1029-1047.
27. Nairn, J. A. 1989. "The Strain Energy Release Rate of Composite Microcracking: A Variational Approach," J. Composite Materials, 23:1106-1129.
28. Swanson, S. R. 1989. "On the Mechanics of Microcracking in Fibrous Composite Laminates under Combined Stress," J. of Engr. Materials and Tech., 111(2):145-149.
29. Lee, J. W. and I. M. Daniel. 1990. "Progressive Transverse Crack of Crossply Composite Laminates," J. of Composite Materials, 24(11):1225-1243.
30. L.-Frenot, M. C. and C. H. Gardin. 1991. "Formation and Growth of 90° Ply Fatigue Cracks in Carbon/Epoxy Laminates," Composite Sci. and Tech., 40:307-324.
31. Rebiere, J. L. and D. Gamby. 1992. "Analytical and Numerical Analyses of Transverse Cracking in a Cross-Ply Laminate-Influence of the Constraining Effect," Composite Structure, 20:91-101.
32. Xu, L. Y., C. H. Kou and B. X. Yang. 1991. "An Analogous Investigation on Transverse Cracking in Composite Laminate and Concrete Pavement," Proc. of ICCM 8, Honolulu, SAMPE, pp. 27-F-1-10.
33. Varna, J. and L. Berglund. 1991. "Multiple Transverse Cracking and Stiffness Reduction in Cross-Ply Laminates," J. Composites Tech. and Research, 13(2):99-106.
34. Varna, J. and L. A. Berglund. 1992. "A Model for Prediction of the Transverse Cracking Strain in Cross-Ply Laminates," J. Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 11:708-728.
35. Gudmundson, P. and S. Ostlund. 1992. "First Order Analysis of Stiffness Reduction Due to Matrix Cracking," J. Composite Materials, 26(7):1009-1030.
36. Talreja, R. and S. Yalvac et al. 1992. "Transverse Cracking and Stiffness Reduction in Cross Ply Laminates of Different Matrix Toughness," J.Composite Materials, 26(11):1644-1663.
37. Liu, S. and J. A. Nairn. 1992. "The Formation and Propagation of Matrix Microcracks in Cross-Ply Laminates during Static Loading," J. of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 11:158-178.
38. Shahid, I. and F. K. Chang. 1992. "Progressive Failure Analysis for Brittle-Matrix Laminated Composite Subjected to Tensile and Shear Loads," Proc. of the 2nd International Symposium on Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing, pp. 81-86.
39. s, Composite Laminates," Composites, 23(5):291-304.
40. Leaity, M. A., P. A. Smith and M. G. Bader. 1992. "The Behavior of Cross-Ply Hybrid Matrix Composite Laminates, Part 2: Modelling," Composites, 23(6):397-405.
41. Yuan, F. G. and M. C. Selek. 1993. "Transverse Cracking and Stiffness Reduction in Composite Laminates," J. Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 12:987-1015.
42. Renard, J., J. P. Favre and Th. leggy. 1993. "Influence of Transverse Cracking on Ply Behavior: Introduction of A Characteristic Damage Variable," Composite Sci. and Tech., 46:29-37.
43. Guild, F. J., P. A. Smith and S. L. Ogin. 1993. "Modelling of 90° Ply Cracking in Crossply Laminates, Including Three-Dimensional Effects," J. Composite Materials, 27(7):646-667.
44. Hine, P. J. et al. 1989. "Failure Mechanisms in Continuous Carbon-Fibre Reinforced PEEK Composites," Composite Sci. and Tech., 35:31-51.
45. Xu, L. Y. 1994. "Interaction between Matrix Cracking and Edge Delamination in Composite Laminates," Composites Sci. and Tech., 50(4):469-478.
46. Reifsnider, K. L. 1990. "Damage and Damage Mechanics," in Fatigue of Composite Materials, K. L. Reifsnider, ed., Amsterdam: Elsevier Sci. Publisher B. V., pp. 11-77.
47. Xu, L. Y. and C. H. Kou. 1994. "Effect of Interfacial Interleaf to the Interlaminar Fracture and Intralaminar Fracture in a New Bismaleimide Matrix Composites System," J. of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 13(6):509-540.
48. Xu, L. Y. 1995. "Influence of Stacking Sequence to the Transverse Matrix Cracking in Continuous Fiber Crossply Laminates," J. Composite Materials, 29(10):1337-1358.
49. Xu, L. Y. 1994. "Some Characteristics of the Microcrack Growth in Laminated Materials with Reinforced Brittle Matrices," Submitted for publication.
50. Griffith, A. A. 1920. "The Phenomena of Rupture and Flaw in Solid," Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, A-221:163.
51. Xu, L. Y. 1994. "Study on the Characteristic Curve of Stiffness Degradation Caused by Matrix Cracking in Multidirectional Composite Laminates," Submitted for publication.
52. Xu, L. Y. 1994. "Some Techniques to Establish the Characteristic Curve for Microcrack Growth in Laminated Materials," Submitted for publication.
53. Pryce, A. W. and P. A. Smith. 1992. "Behaviour of Unidirectional and Crossply Ceramic Matrix Composites under Quasi-Static Tensile Loading," J. Mater. Sci., 27:2695-2704.
54. Chou, P. C. and A. S. D. Waag. 1982, 1984. "Cumulative Damage Model for Advanced Composites, Phase 1,2," AFWAL-TR-82-4083,84-4004.
55. Xu, L. Y. and L. H. Song. 1995. "Study on the Characteristic Stress-Life Curve of Different Materials and Failure Modes," International J. of Fatigue, in press.