Access to ports in international law

International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 1-22

  De La Fayette, Louise ^a  

^a Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCESS; HARBOURS; INTERNATIONAL LAW;

EID: 0029753741     PISSN: 09273522     EISSN: 15718085     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/157180896X00357     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Case Concerning Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v United States), Merits, Judgment of 27 June 1986, paras. 212-213.
2. Convention sur le Regime international des ports maritimes, Geneve, 9 decembre 1923, Societe des nations - Recueil des traites, 1926-1927, No. 1379.
3. The agreements concluded by the United States with 12 other countries regarding access of the nuclear powered merchant vessel NS Savannah are cited in: D. C. Piper, "Special Agreements Relating to the Entry of the NS Savannah into Foreign Ports", in D. R. Deener and N. C. Durham (eds.) Lege Pactorum: Essays in Honour of Robert Renbert Wilson (1970), pp. 233-245.
4. The German agreements with Liberia for the use of Liberian ports by the NS Otto Hahn are cited in K. Hakapaa, Marine Pollution in International Law (Material Obligations and Jurisdiction) (Helsinki, Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia, 1981), p. 165.
5. Canada Shipping Act, RS, C. S-9.
6. Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act, RS, c.2 (1st Supp.).
7. George Kasoulides, Port State Control and Jurisdiction - Evolution of the Port State Control Regime (Dordrecht/Boston/London, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1993), p. 22, n. 125.
8. Council Directive concerning requirements for certain tankers entering or leaving Community Ports, 79/16/EEC, OJ No L33, 08.02.79, p. 33; amended by 3/79, No L1034 (OJ No L315, 11.12.79, p. 16).
9. (1985) 89 Revue generate de droit international public (RGDIP) 169.
10. Annuaire franpaise de droit international (1980), p. 863.
11. G. Gidel, Le Droit international public de la mer, t.II, Les eaux interieures (Paris, 1934), p. 46.
12. A. Ch. Kiss, Repertoire francais de droit international public, t.4, p. 41.
13. (1981) 85 RGDIP 894;
14. (1985) 89 RGDIP 1026.
15. (1975) 79 RGDIP 488.
16. Cited in A. V. Lowe, "The Right of Entry into Maritime Ports in International Law" 21 (1977) 14 San Diego Law Review 597-622, at 612.
17. Cited in ibid., n. 19, p. 618.
18. (1973) 77 RGDIP 854.
19. See Kasoulides, op. cit., n. 7, p. 21.
20. See Tullio Treves, "La pêche en haute mer et l'avenir de la Convention des nations unies sur le droit de la mer", Annuaire franpais de droit international (1992), pp. 887, 897.
21. Economic Co-operation in Merchant Shipping, Treatment of foreign merchant vessels in ports, UN Doc. TD/BC.4/136, of 9 September 1975.
22. Résolution de La Haye, Article 3, Institut de Droit International, Annuaire, Session de La Haye, 1898, cited in Gidel, Annuaire franpais de droit international, op. cit., n. 11, p. 40.
23. Resolutions de Stockholm, art. 3, Institut de Droit International, Annuaire, 1928, p. 736.
24. Gidel, Annuaire franpais de droit international, op. cit., n. 11, pp. 41-42.
25. Resolutions d'Amsterdam, art. II, Institut de Droit International, Annuaire, 1957, t. II, p. 474.
26. Rene-Jean Dupuy et Daniel Vignes, Traite du Nouveau Droit de La Mer (Paris/Bruxelles, Economica/Bruylant, 1985), p. 780.
27. Librairie générale de droit et de jurisprudence (Paris, 3rd ed., 1987), p. 970.
28. Collection Themis (Paris, Presses Universitaire de France, 1976), p. 312.
29. M. S. McDougal and W. T. Burke, The Public Order of the Oceans (New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 1962), p. 93.
30. D. P. O'Connell, in I. A. Shearer (ed.), The International Law of the Sea (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1984), Vol. 2, p. 848.
31. Ian Brownlie, The Principles of Public International Law (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1973), p. 122.
32. L. N. Hydeman and W. H. Berman, International Control of Nuclear Maritime Activities (Ann Arbor, University of Michigan, 1960), pp. 130-142.
33. H. W. Briggs, The Law of Nations (New York, Appleton Century Crofts, 1952), p. 348.
34. R. R. Churchill and A. V. Lowe, The Law of the Sea (Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1988), p. 52.
35. Encyclopedia of Public International Law, published under the auspices of the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law under the direction of Rudolf Bernhardt (Amsterdam/New York/Oxford, North Holland Publishing Company), Vol. 11, p. 264.
36. Rene-Jean Dupuy and Daniel Vignes, A Handbook of the New Law of the Sea (Dordrecht/ London/Boston, Hague Academy of International Law, Martinus Nijhoff, 1991), vol. 2, p. 940. This not a translated text of the French version. It is revised and updated.
37. See also list of authors cited in Kasoulides, A Handbook of the New Law of the Sea, op. cit., n. 9, pp. 4-5, n. 25.
38. V. D. Degan, "Internal Waters", (1986) 17 Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 3.
39. (1953) Droit international public 431.
40. International Law of the Sea (London, Longmans, 6th ed., 1967), passim.
41. (1898) 5 RGDIP at 264-284, 309-47.
42. North Sea Continental Shelf Cases (Federal Republic of Germany I Denmark; Federal Republic of Germany I Netherlands), Judgment, 20 February 1969, ICJ Rep [1969] 3, paras. 60-81.
43. In a telephone communication, the UN Treaty Section stated that the most recent action in relation to the 1923 Convention was the accession by Slovakia in May 1993. Vanuatu acceded in 1991 and Croatia succeeded in 1992. ICJ Rep, Op. cit., n. 28, para. 77.
44. ICJ Rep [1969], para. 72.
45. This would mean that the Convention is not applicable to St. Pierre and Miquelon. ICJ Rep, Op. cit., n. 53, p. 212.
46. Transcript of the Sessions of the Tribunal, Aramco Tribunal, pp. 333-353
47. cited in Lowe, Aramco Tribunal, op. cit., n. 19, p. 599.
48. Traite de Droit international public (Geneve, Librarie de L'Universite, Georg & Cie SA, 1953), p.419.
49. J. H. Ralston, The Law and Procedure of International Tribunals (1926), pp. 305-306.
50. Institut de Droit International, Annuaire (1954), p. 190.
51. At the plenary session of the meeting of the Institut de Droit International, 30 March 1910, cited by Gidel, Annuaire, op. cit., n. 11, p. 41
52. who reports that these views were hotly disputed by Westlake, Holland and Pillet. Cited in Gidel, Annuaire, op. cit., n. 11, p. 41.
53. Vattel, The Law of Nations or the Principles of Natural Law (1758), p. 41
54. in Classics of International Law (trans. 1916).
55. Cited in I. A. McNair, International Law Opinions (1956), pp. 338-343.
56. Panel Report L/6268, 20 November 1987, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, Basic Instruments and Supplementary Documents (BISD) 35S, p. 98. See also: United States -Prohibition of Imports of Tuna and Tuna Products from Canada (L/5198), 22 March 1988, BISD 29S, p. 91; United States - Restrictions on Imports of Tuna, Report of the Panel (unpublished), GATT Doc. DS21/R, 3 September 1991; United States - Restrictions on Imports of Tuna, Report of the Panel (unpublished), GATT Doc. DS29/R, June 1994.