The climatology of the stratospheric 'thin air' model

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society

Volumn 122, Issue 529, 1996, Pages 219-252

  Kinnersley, Jonathan S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Atmospheric chemistry; Gravity waves; Planetary wave breaking; Stratosphere mesosphere model

Indexed keywords

CHEMICAL/DYNAMIC/RADIATIVE MODEL; CLIMATE MODEL; HEMISPHERIC ASYMMETRY;

EID: 0029753036     PISSN: 00359009     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1256/smsqj.52908     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Andrews, D. G., Holton, J. R. and Leow, C. B. 1987 Middle atmosphere dynamics. Academic Press
2. Bacmeister, J. T. 1993 Mountain wave drag in the stratosphere and mesosphere inferred from observed winds and a simple mountain wave parametrisation scheme. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 377-399
3. Barnett, J. J. and Corney, M. 1985a Middle atmosphere reference model derived from satellite data. Handbook for MAP, 16, 47-85. Available from SCOSTEP secretariat, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA 1985b Planetary waves, climatological distribution. Handbook for MAP, 16,86-137. Available from SCOSTEP Secretariat, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
4. Barnett, J. J. and Corney, M. 1985a Middle atmosphere reference model derived from satellite data. Handbook for MAP, 16, 47-85. Available from SCOSTEP secretariat, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA 1985b Planetary waves, climatological distribution. Handbook for MAP, 16,86-137. Available from SCOSTEP Secretariat, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
5. Barnett, J. J., Corney, M. and Labitzke, K. 1985 Annual and semi-annual cycles based on the middle atmosphere reference model. Handbook for MAP, 16, 175-180. Available from SCOSTEP Secretariat, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
6. Belmont A. D. 1985 Comparison of time-periodic variations in temperature and wind from meteorological rockets and satellites. Handbook for MAP, 16, 164-174. Available from SCOSTEP Secretariat, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
7. Butchart, N., Clough, S. A., Palmer, T. N. and Trevelyan, P. J. 1982 Simulations of an observed stratospheric warming with quasi-geostrophic refractive index as a model diagnostic. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 108, 475-502
8. Chao, W. C. and Schoeberl, M. R. 1984 On the linear approximation of gravity wave saturation in the mesosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1893-1898
9. 2O in the stratosphere related to the equatorial semi-annual ocillation. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 22 543-22 557
10. Delisi, D. P. and Dunkerton, T. J. 1988 Seasonal variation of the semiannual oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 2772-2787
11. DeMore, W. B., Sander, S. P., Golden, D. M., Hampson, R. F., Kurylo, M. J., Howard, C. J., Ravishankara, A. R., Kolb, C. E. and Molina, M. J. 1992 Chemical kinetics and photochemical data for use in stratospheric modelling. In Evaluation Number 10, JPL Publ., 92-20
12. Dunkerton, T. J. 1983 Laterally-propagating Rossby waves in the easterly acceleration phase of the quasi-biennial oscillation. Atmos. Ocean., 21, 555-68
13. Eckermann, S.D. 1992 Ray-tracing simulation of the global propagation of inertia gravity waves through the zonally averaged middle atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 15 849-15 866
14. Fels, S. B. 1982 A parametrisation of scale-dependent radiative damping rates in the middle atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 39, 1141-1152
15. Garcia, R. R. 1991 Parametrisation of planetary wave breaking in the middle atmosphere J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1405-1419
16. Garcia, R. R. and Solomon, S. 1985 The effect of breaking gravity waves on the dynamics and chemical composition of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 90, 3850-3868
17. Garcia, R. R., Stordal, F., Solomon, S. and Kiehl, J. 1992 A New Numerical Model of the Middle Atmosphere 1. Dynamics and Transport of Tropospheric Source Gases. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 12 967-12 991
18. Gardner, C. S., Hostetler, C. A. and Franke, S. J. 1993 Gravity wave models for the horizontal wave number spectra of atmospheric velocity and density fluctuations. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 1035-1049
19. Geller, M. A., Wu, M. F. and Gelman, M. E. 1983 Troposphere-stratosphere (surface-55 km) monthly winter general circulation statistics for the northern hemisphere - four year averages. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1726-1744
20. Hamilton, K. and Mahlman, J. D. 1988 General circulation model simulation of the semiannual oscillation of the tropical middle atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3212-3235
21. Harwood, R. S. and Pyle, J. A. 1975 A two-dimensional mean circulation model for the atmosphere below 80 km. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 101, 723-747
22. Haynes, P. H. 1985 Nonlinear instability of a Rossby-wave critical layer. J. Fluid Mech., 161, 493-511 1989 The effect of barotropic instability on the nonlinear evolution of a Rossby-wave critical layer. J. Fluid Mech., 207, 231-266
23. Haynes, P. H. 1985 Nonlinear instability of a Rossby-wave critical layer. J. Fluid Mech., 161, 493-511 1989 The effect of barotropic instability on the nonlinear evolution of a Rossby-wave critical layer. J. Fluid Mech., 207, 231-266
24. Hirota, I. 1978 Equatorial waves in the upper stratosphere and mesosphere in relation to the semiannual oscillation of the zonal wind. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 714-722
25. Hitchman, M. H. and Brasseur, G. 1988 Rossby wave activity in a two-dimensional model: Closure for wave driving and meridional eddy diffusivity. J. Geophys. Res. 93, D8, 9405-9417
26. Hitchman, M. H. and Leovy, C. B. 1988 Estimation of the Kelvin wave contribution to the semiannual oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1462-1475
27. 2O by the Nimbus 7 SAMS: A comparison with in-situ data and two-dimensional numerical model calculations. J. Geophys. Res., 89, 5263-5279
28. Juckes, M. N. and McIntyre, M. E. 1987 A high-resolution one-layer model of breaking planetary waves in the stratosphere. Nature, 328, 590-596
29. Kinnersley, J. S. 1995 A realistic three-component planetary wave model, with a wave breaking parametrisation. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 121, 853-881
30. Kinnersley, J. S. and Harwood, R. S. 1993 An isentropic two-dimensional model with an interactive parametrisation of dynamical and chemical planetary-wave fluxes. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 119, 1167-1193
31. Lieberman, R. S., Burrage, M. D., Gell, D. A., Hays, P. B., Marshall, A. R., Ortland, D. A., Skinner, W. R. and Wu, D. L. 1993 Zonal mean winds in the equatorial mesosphere and lower thermosphere observed by the high resolution doppler imager. Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 2849-2852
32. Lindzen, R. S. 1981 Turbulence and stress owing to gravity wave and tidal breakdown. J. Geophys. Res., 86, 9707-9714
33. Marks, C. J. 1989 Some features of the climatology of the middle atmosphere revealed by Nimbus 5 and 6. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2485-2508
34. Maruyama, Y., Tsuda, T. and Fukao, S. 1994 Seasonal variation of gravity wave activity in the lower atmosphere observed with the MU radar. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 23 057-23 069
35. Matsuno, T. 1970 Vertical propogation of stationary planetary waves in the winter northern hemisphere J. Atmos. Sci., 24, 871-883
36. Newell, R. E., Kidson, J. W., Vincent, D. G. and Boer, G. J. 1972 The General Circulation of the Tropical Atmosphere. MIT Press
37. Pyle, J. A. and Rogers, C. F. 1980 Stratospheric transport by stationary planetary waves - the importance of chemical processes. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 106, 421-446
38. Rind, D., Suozzo, R., Balachandran, N. K., Lacis, A. and Russel, G. 1988 The GISS global climate-middle atmosphere model. Part I: Model structure and climatology. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 329-368
39. Schoeberl, M. R., Lait, L. R., Newman, P. A. and Rosenfield, J. E. 1992 The Structure of the Polar Vortex. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 7859-7882
40. Schoeberl, M. R. and Lindzen, R. S. 1984 A Numerical simulation of barotropic instability. Part 1: Wave-mean flow interaction. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1368-1379
41. Schoeberl, M. R., Luo, M. Z. and Rosenfield, J. E. 1995 An analysis of the Antarctic halogen occultation experiment trace eas observations. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 5159-5172
42. Schoeberl, M. R. and Smith, A. K. 1986 The integrated enstrophy budget of the winter stratosphere diagnosed from LIMS data. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1074-1086
43. Schoeberl, M. R., Strobel, D. F. and Apruzese, J. P. 1983 A Numerical Model of Gravity Wave Breaking and Stress in the Mesosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 88, 5249-5259.
44. 2O measurements 1. Polar winter stratospheric meteorology and tracer morphology. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 10 305-10 318
45. Waugh, D. W., Plumb, R. A., Atkinson, R. J., Schoeberl, M. R., Lait, L. R., Newman, P. A., Loewenstein, M., Toohey, D. W., Avallone, L. M., Webster, C. R. and May, R. D. 1994 Transport out of the lower stratospheric Arctic vortex by Rossby wave breaking J. Geophys. Res., 99, D1, 1071-1088
46. World Meteorological Organization 1988 'International ozone trends panel report'. World Meteorological Organization. Geneva