Sexual abuse of children: Prevalence, effects, and treatment

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Volumn 789, Issue , 1996, Pages 45-66

  Cosentino, Clare E ^a,b   Collins, Michelle ^a  

^a New York Presbyterian Hospital Columbia University Medical Center   (United States)

^b NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; BEHAVIOR DISORDER; CHILD; CHILD ABUSE; CHILDHOOD; CONFERENCE PAPER; HUMAN; PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY; PREVALENCE; PSYCHIATRY; RISK FACTOR; SEX DIFFERENCE; SEXUAL ABUSE;

EID: 0029740161     PISSN: 00778923     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb55636.x     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (119)

1. FINKELHOR, D. 1984. Childhood Sexual Abuse. The Free Press. New York.
2. RUSSELL, D. E. H. 1986. The Secret Trauma. Basic Books. New York.
3. WYATT, G. 1985. The sexual abuse of Afro-American and White women in childhood. Child Abuse Negl. 9: 507-519.
4. FREUD, S. 1896. The Aetiology of Hysteria. In The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud. J. Strachey, Ed. and Trans. 3: 189-221. Hogarth Press. London. 1961.
5. KRULL, M. 1986. Freud and His Father. W. W. Norton & Co. New York.
6. LERMAN, H. 1988. The psychoanalytic legacy: From whence we came. In Handbook of Sexual Abuse of Children. L. E. A. Walker, Ed.: 37-57. Springer. New York.
7. MASSON, J. M. 1984. The Assault on Truth: Freud's Supression of the Seduction Theory. Farrar, Straus & Giroux. New York.
8. MILLER, A. 1984. Thou Shalt Not Be Aware: Society's Betrayal of the Child. Farrar, Straus & Giroux. New York.
9. BERNSTEIN, A. 1990. The impact of incest trauma on ego development. In Adult Analysis and Childhood Sexual Abuse. H. B. Levine, Ed.: 65-91. The Analytic Press. Hillsdale, NJ.
10. LEVINE, H. B. 1990. Adult Analysis and Childhood Sexual Abuse. The Analytic Press. Hillsdale, NJ.
11. SHENGOLD, L. 1989. Soul Murder: The Effects of Childhood Abuse and Deprivation. Yale University Press. New Haven, CT.
12. FERENCZI, S. 1933. Confusion of tongues between adults and the child. Int. J. Psychoanal. 30: 225-230.
13. BENDER, L. & A. BLAU. 1937. The reaction of children to sexual relations with adults. Am. J. Orthopsychiatry 7: 500-518.
14. LUKIANOWICZ, N. 1972. Incest. Br. J. Psychiatry 120: 201-212.
15. YORAKOGLU, A. & J. P. KEMPE. 1966. Children not severely damaged by incest with a parent. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 5: 111-124.
16. HAMILTON, G. V. 1929. A research in marriage. Albert and Charles Boni. New York.
17. LANDIS, C., A. T. LANDIS, M. N. BOLLES, H. F. METZGER, M. W. PIHS, D. A. D'ESOPO, H. C. MOLOY, S. J. KLEEGMAN & R. L. DICKENSON. 1940. Sex in Development. Paul B. Hoebert. New York.
18. KINSEY, A. C., W. B. POMEROY, C. E. MARTIN & P. H. GEBHARD. 1953. Sexual Behavior in the Human Male. W. B. Saunders. Philadelphia, PA.
19. FINKELHOR, D. 1986. Sourcebook on Child Sexual Abuse. Sage Publication. Beverly Hills, CA.
20. FINKELHOR, D. 1979. Sexually Victimized Children. Free Press. New York.
21. HERMAN, J. L. 1981. Father-Daughter Incest. Harvard University Press. Cambridge, MA.
22. MILLER, A. 1984. Thou Shall Not Be Aware. Farrar, Straus & Giroux. New York.
23. RUSH, F. 1980. The Best Kept Secret. Prentice-Hall. New York.
24. RUSSELL, D. E. H. 1983. Incidence and prevalence of intrafamilial and extrafamilial child sexual abuse. Child Abuse Negl. 7: 133-146.
25. SANFORD, L. T. 1976. The Silent Children. McGraw Hill. New York.
26. KEMPE, C. H., F. N. SILVERMAN, B. F. STEELE, W. DROEGEMULEER & H. K. SILVER. 1962. The battered child syndrome. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 181: 17-24.
27. NATIONAL CENTER ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT. 1992. Child Maltreatment 1992. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Washington, D.C.
28. NATIONAL CENTER ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT. 1981. Study Findings: National Study of Incidence and Severity of Child Abuse and Neglect. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Washington, D.C.
29. PETERS, S. D., G. E. WYATT & D. FINKELHOR. 1986. Prevalence. In Sourcebook on Child Sexual Abuse. D. Finkelhor, Ed.: 10-15. Sage Publication. Beverly Hills, CA.
30. FINKELHOR, D., G. T. HOTALING, I. A. LEWIS & C. SMITH. 1990. Sexual abuse in a national survey of adult men and women: Prevalence, characteristics and risk factors. Child Abuse Negl. 14: 19-28.
31. LAUMANN, E. D., J. H. GAGNON, R. T. MICHAEL & S. MICHAELS. 1994. The Social Organization of Sexuality. The University of Chicago Press.
32. BADGLEY, R., H. ALLARD, N. MCCORMICK, P. PROUDFOOT, D. FORTIN, D. OGILVIE, Q. RAE-GRANT, P. GELINAS, L. PEPIN & S. SUTHERLAND. 1984. Sexual Offenses against Children (Vol. 1.) Canadian Government Publishing Center. Ottawa, Canada.
33. RONSTROM, A. June, 1985. Sexual abuse of children in Sweden. Radda Baren, Box 27320, Stockholm, Sweden. Unpublished manuscript.
34. DRAIJER, N. 1990. Seksuelc traumatisering in de jeugd. Uitgererij, Sua Amsterdam, Amsterdam.
35. BAGLEY, C. & R. RAMSAY. 1986. Disrupted childhood and vulnerability to sexual assault: Long-term sequels with implications for counseling. Social Work and Human Sexuality 4: 33-48.
36. FINKELHOR, D. 1993. Epidemiological factors in the clinical identification of child sexual abuse. Child Abuse Negl. 17: 20-24.
37. ELLERSTEIN, N. S. & J. W. CANAVAN. 1980. Sexual abuse of boys. Am. J. Dis. Child. 134: 355-257.
38. WATKINS, B. & A. BENTOVIM. 1992. The sexual abuse of male children and adolescents: A review of current research. J. Child. Psychol. Psychiatry 33: 197-248.
39. FINKELHOR, D. 1984. Child Sexual Abuse: New Theory and Research. Free Press. New York.
40. BRIERE, J. & J. CONTE. 1993. Self-reported amnesia for abuse in adults molested as children. J. Traumatic Stress 6: 21-31.
41. DAVIES, J. M. & M. G. FRAWLEY. 1994. Treating the Adult Survivor of Childhood Sexual Abuse. Basic Books. New York.
42. FINKELHOR, D. High-risk children. In Sourcebook on Child Sexual Abuse. D. Finkelhor, Ed.: 60-88. Sage Publications. Beverly Hills, CA.
43. ROGERS, C. N. & T. TERRY. 1984. Clinical interactions with boy victims of sexual abuse. In Victims of Sexual Aggression: Treatment of Children, Women, and Men. I. R. Stuart & J. G. Greer, Eds. Van Nostrand Reinhold. New York.
44. BEITCHMEN, J. H., J. K. ZUCKER, I. E. HOOD, A. D. GRANVILLE & D. AKMAN. 1991. A review of the short-term effects of child sexual abuse. Child Abuse Negl. 15: 537-566.
45. BROWNE, A. & D. FINKELHOR. 1986. Impact of child sexual abuse: A review of the research. Psychol. Bull. 99: 66-77.
46. KENDALL-TACKET, K. A., L. M. WILLIAMS & D. FINKELHOR. 1993. Impact of sexual abuse in children: A review and synthesis of recent empirical findings. Psychol. Bull. 113: 164-180.
47. COSENTINO, C., H. F. L. MEYER-BAHLBURG, J. L. ALPERT, S. L. WEINBERG & R. GAINES. 1995. Sexual behavior problems and psychopathology symptoms in sexually abused girls. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 34:
48. EINBENDER, A. J. & W. M. FRIEDRICH. 1989. Psychological functioning and behavior of sexually abused girls. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 57: 155-157.
49. FRIEDRICH, W. N., A. J. URQUIZA & R. BEILKE. 1986. Behavioral problems in sexually abused young children. J. Pediatr. Psychol. 11: 57-67.
50. FRIEDRICH, W. N., R. L. BEILKE & A. J. URGUIZA. 1988. Behavioral comparisons of children from sexually abusive and distressed families. J. Interpersonal Violence 2: 391-102.
51. GALE, J., R. L. THOMPSON, T. MORAN & W. H. SACK. 1988. Sexual abuse in young children: Its clinical presentation and characteristic patterns. Child Abuse Negl. 12: 163-170.
52. KOLKO, D. J., J. T. MOSES & S. R. WELDY. 1988. Behavioral/emotional indications of sexual abuse in child psychiatric inpatients: A controlled comparison with physical abuse. Child Abuse Negl. 12: 529-541.
53. YATES, A. 1982. Children eroticized by incest. Am. J. Psychiatry 139: 482-485.
54. YATES, A. 1987. Psychological damage associated with extreme eroticism in young children. Psychiatr. Ann. 17: 257-261.
55. YATES, A. 1991. Differentiating hypererotic states in the evaluation of sexual abuse. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 30: 791-795.
56. AIOSA-KARPAS, C. J., R. KARPAS, D. PELCOVITZ & S. KAPLAN. 1982. Gender identification and sex-role attribution in sexually abused adolescent females. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 30: 266-271.
57. COSENTINO, C. E., H. F. L. MEYER-BAHLBURG, J. L. ALPERT & R. GAINES. 1993. Cross-gender behavior and gender conflict in sexually abused girls. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 32: 940-947.
58. SANSONNETT-HAYDEN, H., G. HAKEY, C. MARRIAGE & S. FINE. 1987. Sexual abuse and psychopathology in hospitalized adolescents. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 26: 753-757.
59. ZUCKER, K. J. & M. KUKSIS. 1990. Gender dysphoria and sexual abuse: A case report. Child Abuse Negl. 14: 281-283.
60. DEOLINGER, E., S. U. MCLEER, M. S. ATKINS, D. RALPHE & E. FOA. 1989. Post-traumatic stress in sexually abused and non-abused children. Child Abuse Negl. 13: 403-408.
61. KISER, L. J., B. J. ACKERMAN & E. BROWN. 1988. Post-traumatic stress disorder in young children: A reaction to purported sexual abuse. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 27: 645-649.
62. MCLEER, S. V., E. DEBLINGER, M. S. ATKINS, E. G. FOA & D. L. RALPHE. 1988. Post-traumatic stress disorder in sexually abused children. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 27: 650-654.
63. TERR, L. C. 1991. Childhood traumas: An outline and overview. Am. J. Psychiatry 148: 10-20.
64. KLUFT, R. 1985. Childhood Antecedents of Multiple Personality Disorder. American Psychiatric Press. Washington, D.C.
65. PUTNAM, F. W. 1984. The psychophysiologic investigation of multiple personality disorder. Psychiatr. Clin. North Am. 7: 31-41.
66. ANDERSON, S. C., C. M. BACH & S. GRIFFITH. 1981. Psychosocial sequelae in victims of sexual assault and intrafamilial sexual abuse. Paper presented at the Third International Conference on Child Abuse and Neglect. Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
67. GOLDSTON, D. R., D. C. TURNQUIST & J. F. KRUTSON. 1989. Presenting problems of sexually abused children receiving psychiatric service. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 98: 314-317.
68. SGROI, S. 1982. Handbook of Clinical Intervention in Child Sexual Abuse. Lexington Books. Lexington, MA.
69. COHEN, J. A. & A. P. MANNARINO. 1988. Psychological symptoms in sexually abused girls. Child Abuse Negl. 13: 403-408.
70. GOMEZ-SCHWARTZ. B., J. M. HOROWITZ & M. D. JAUZIER. 1985. Severity of emotional distress among sexually abused preschool, school-age, and adolescent children. Hosp. Community Psychiatry 36: 503-508.
71. FRIEDRICH, W. M. & W. J. LUECKE. 1988. Young school-age sexually aggressive children. Prof. Psychol. Res. Pract. 19: 155-164.
72. GREEN, A. H. 1993. Child sexual abuse: immediate and long-term effects and intervention. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 32: 890-902.
73. FRIEDRICH, W. N. 1993. Sexual victimization and sexual behavior in children: A recent review of the literature. Child Abuse Negl. 17: 59-66.
74. WYATT, G. E. & M. R. MICHEY. 1988. The support by parents and others as it mediates the effects of child sexual abuse. In Lasting Effects of Child Sexual Abuse. G. E. Wyatt & G. J. Powell, Eds.: 211-226. Sage Publications. Beverly Hills, CA.
75. CONTE, J. R., L. BERLINGER & J. SCHUERMAN. 1986. The impact of sexual abuse on children: Final report. No. MH37133. National Institute of Mental Health. Rockville, MD.
76. SUMMIT, R. C. 1993. The child sexual abuse accommodation syndrome. Child Abuse Negl. 7: 177-193.
77. JOHNSON, T. C. 1989. Female child perpetrators: children who molest other children. Child Abuse. Negl. 13: 571-585.
78. BROOKS, B. Sexually abused children and adolescent identity development. A. J. Psychother. 39: 401-410.
79. O'DONOHUE, W. T. & A. N. ELLIOTT. 1992. Treatment of the sexually abused child: A review. J. Clin. Child Psychology 21(3): 218-228.
80. BERLINER, L. 1989. Another option for victims: Civil damage suits. J. Interpersonal Violence 4: 107-109.
81. FRIEDRICH, W. N. 1990. Psychotherapy of Sexually Abused Children and Their Families. W. W. Norton & Co. New York.
82. HAZZARD, A., H. E. KING & C. WEBB. 1986. Group therapy with sexually abused girls. Am. J. Psychother. 40(2): 213-223.
83. REICHERT, E. 1994. Play and animal-assisted therapy: A group-treatment model for sexually abused girls ages 9-13. Family Therapy 21(1): 55-62.
84. WOLF, V. 1993. Group therapy of young latency age sexually abused girls. Special Issue: Group treatment after child and adolescent sexual abuse. J. Child Adolescent Group Therapy 3(1): 25-39.
85. HACK, T. F., T. A. OSACHUK & R. V. DELUCA. 1994. Group treatment for sexually abused preadolescent boys. Families in Society 75(4): 217-228.
86. FRIEDRICH, W. N., J. W. LUECKE, R. L. BEILKE & V. PLACE. 1992. Psychotherapy outcome of sexually abused boys: An agency study. J. Interpersonal Violence 7(3): 396-409.
87. PESCOSOLIDO, F. J. 1993. Clinical considerations related to victimization dynamics and post-traumatic stress in the group treatment of sexually abused boys. Special Issue: Group treatment after child and adolescent sexual abuse. J. Child Adolescent Group Therapy 3(1): 49-73.
88. SCHACT, A. J., D. KERLINSKY & C. CARLSON. 1990. Group therapy with sexually abused boys: Leadership, projective identification, and countertransference issues. Int. J. Group Psychotherapy 40(4): 401-417.
89. FURNISS, T. H. 1987. An integrated treatment approach to child sexual abuse in the family. Children Society 1(2): 123-135.
90. DAMON, L., J. TODD & K. MACFARLANE. 1987. Treatment issues with sexually abused young children. Child Welfare 66(2): 125-137.
91. RUST, J. O. & P. A. TROUPE. 1991. Relationships of treatment of child sexual abuse with school achievement and self-concept. J. Early Adolescence 11(4): 420-429.
92. FURNISS, T. H. 1990. Group therapy for boys. In Working with Sexually Abused Boys: An Introduction for Practitioners. A. Hollows & H. Armstrong, Eds. TAGOSAC. London.
93. JOHNSON, T. C. & C. BERRY. 1989. Children who molest: A treatment program. J. Interpersonal Violence 4: 185-203.
94. PEAKE, A. 1990. Planning groupwork for boys. In Working with Sexually Abused Boys: An introduction for practitioners. A. Hollows & H. Armstrong, Eds. TAGOSAC. London.
95. DEBLINGER, E., S. V. MCLEER & D. HENRY. 1990. Cognitive behavioral treatment for sexually abused children suffering from post-traumatic stress: Preliminary findings. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 29: 747-752.
96. CIOTTONE, R. & J. MADONNA. 1993. Crucial issues in the treatment of a sexually abused latency-aged boy. Issues Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing 16(1): 31-40.
97. JONES, D. P. 1986. Individual psychotherapy for the sexually abused child. Child Abuse Neglect 10(3): 377-385.
98. MCELRY, L. P. 1989. Psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy with sexually abused children. J. Mental Health Counseling 11(3): 244-258.
99. FRIEDRICH, W. N., W. J. LUECKE, R. L. BEILKE & V. PLACE. 1992. Psychotherapy outcome of sexually abused boys. J. Interpersonal Violence 7(3): 396-409.
100. GREEN, A. 1991. Child sexual abuse and incest. In Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: A Comparative Textbook. M. Lewis, Ed. 1019-1025. Williams & Wilkins. Baltimore, MD.
101. PORTER, F. S., L. C. BLICK & S. M. SGROI. 1982. Treatment of the sexually abused child. In Handbook of Clinical Intervention in Child Sexual Abuse. S. Sgroi, Ed.: 109-145. Lexington Books. Lexington, MA.
102. FINKELHOR, D. & A. BROWNE. 1985. The traumatic impact of child sexual abuse: A conceptualization. Am. J. Orthopsychiatry 55: 530-541.
103. GREEN, A. 1994. Victims of child abuse. Rev. Psychiatry. 13: 589-609.
104. JAMES, B. 1989. Treating Traumatized Children. Lexington Books. Lexington, MA.
105. LAMB, S. 1986. Treating sexually abused children: Issues, blame and responsibility. Am. J. Orthopsychiatry 56: 303-307.
106. HARTER, S. 1977. A cognitive-developmental approach to children's expression of conflicting feelings and a technique to facilitate such expression in play therapy. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 45: 417-432.
107. DONOVAN, D. M. & D. MCINTYRE. 1990. Healing the Hurt Child. W. W. Norton & Company. New York.
108. VAN DER KOLK, B. & M. GREENBERG. 1987. The psycholobiology of the trauma response: hyperarousal, constriction, and addiction to traumatic reexposure. In Psychological Trauma. B. Van der Kolk, Ed. American Psychiatric Press. Washington, D. C.
109. BOAT, B. 1991. Caregivers as surrogate therapists in treatment of a ritualistically abused child. In Case Book of Sexual Abuse Treatment. W. N. Friedrich, Ed.: 1-26. W. W. Norton & Co. New York.
110. MARVASTI, J. A. 1988. Play therapy with sexually abused children. In Vulnerable Population. S. M. Sgroi, Ed. 2: 1-41. Lexington Books. Lexington, MA.
111. GIL, E. & T. C. JOHNSON. 1993. Sexualized Children. Launch Press. Rockville, MD.
112. HOIER, T. S. & C. SHAWCHUCK. 1987. The natural history and treatment of behavioral problems in sexually abused children: A case study. Paper presented at the Rivendell Conference. Memphis, TN.
113. PESCOSOLIDO, F. J. 1988. Sexual abuse of boys by males: Theoretical and treatment implications. In Vulnerable Populations. S. M. Sgroi, Ed. 2: 85-104. Lexington Books. Lexington, MA.
114. WAGNER, W. G., D. KILCREASE-FLEMING, W. E. FOWLER & R. KAZELSKIS. 1993. Brief-term counseling with sexually abused girls: The impact of sex of counselor on clients' therapeutic involvement, self-concept, and depression. J. Counseling Psychol. 40(4): 490-500.
115. CONTE, J. R. & J. R. SCHUERMAN. 1987. Factors associated with an increased impact of child sexual abuse. Child Abuse Negl. 11: 201-211.
116. MANNARINO, A. P. & J. COHEN. 1987. Psychological symptoms of sexually abused children. Paper presented at the Third National Family Violence Research Conference. Durham, NH.
117. O'DONOHUE, W. & A. N. ELLIOTT. 1991. A model for the clinical assessment of the sexually abused child. Behav. Assessment 13: 325-339.
118. GELINAS, D. J. 1983. The persisting negative effects of incest. Psychiatry 46: 312-332.
119. FINKELHOR, D. & L. BERLINGER. 1995. Research on the treatment of sexually abused children: A review of recommendations. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 34: 1408-1423.