A Carboniferous insect gall: Insight into early ecologic history of the Holometabola

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Volumn 93, Issue 16, 1996, Pages 8470-8474

  Labandeira, C C ^a,b   Phillips, T L ^c  

^a DEPARTMENT OF PALEOBIOLOGY   (United States)

^b Bldg 142   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

herbivory; Marattiales; Pennsylvanian; plant insect interaction; Psaronius

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; EVOLUTION; INSECT; LIFE CYCLE; NONHUMAN; PLANT; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

CARBONIFEROUS; ENDOPTERYGOTA; FILICOPHYTA; INSECTA; MARATTIALES; MICROCHRYSA; TRACHEOPHYTA;

EID: 0029738319     PISSN: 00278424     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.16.8470     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Hennig, W. (1981) Insect Phylogeny (Wiley, New York).
2. Tillyard, R. J. (1926) Am. J. Sci. 11, 133-164.
3. Lameere, M. (1908) Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belgique 52, 127-147.
4. Malyshev, S. I. (1968) Genesis of the Hymenoptera and the Phases of their Evolution (Methuen. London).
5. Labandeira, C. C. (1991) Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. Prog. 23, A405.
6. Ananthakrishnan, T. N., ed. (1984) Biology of Call Insects (Oxford/IBH, New Delhi).
7. Larew, H. G. (1992) in Biology of Insect-Induced Galls, eds. Shorthouse, J. D. & Rohfritsch, O. (Oxford Univ. Press, New York), pp. 50-59.
8. Potonié, R. (1893) Abh. König. Preuss. Geol. Landes 9, 1-299.
9. Livingstone, D. (1978) J. Ind. Acad. Wood Sci. 9, 39-45.
10. Phillips, T. L., Peppers, R. A. & DiMichele, W. A. (1985) Int. J. Coal Geol. 5, 43-109.
11. Harland, W. B., Armstrong, R. L., Cox, A. V., Craig, L. E., Smith, A. G. & Smith, D. G. (1990) A Geologic Time Scale 1989 (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge), pp. 42-46.
12. Rowley, D. B., Raymond, A., Parrish, J. T., Lottes, A. L., Scotese, C. L. & Ziegler, A. M. (1985) Int. J. Coal Geol. 5, 17-42.
13. Lesnikowska, A. D. (1990) Palaios 5, 76-80.
14. Labandeira, C. C. & Beall, B. S. (1990) in Arthropod Paleobiology, ed. Mikulic, D. G. (Univ. of Tennessee Press, Knoxville), pp. 214-256.
15. Phillips, T. L., Avcin, M. J. & Berggren, D. (1976) III. State Geol. Surv. Educ. Ser. 11, 1-40.
16. Morgan, J. (1959) III. Biol. Monogr. 27, 1-108.
17. Stidd, B. M. (1971) Palaeontographica 134B, 87-123.
18. Eckstein, K. (1939) Forstarchiv 15, 268-271.
19. Nagasawa, S. (1957) Botyu-Kagaku Kyoto Univ. Inst. Ins. Control 22, 176-182.
20. Sardesai, J. B. (1969) Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 62, 662.
21. Meyer, J. & Maresquelle, H. J. (1983) Anatomie des Galles (Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin).
22. Fernandes, G. W. (1987) Rev. Bras. Entomol. 31, 379-398.
23. Westphal, E. (1977) Marcellia 39, 193-375.
24. Kühnelt, W. (1976) in Soil Biology with Special Reference to the Animal Kingdom, eds. Kühnelt, W., Walker, N., Butcher, J. W. & Laughlin, C. (Faber, London), pp. 126-216.
25. Gangwere, S. K. (1962) Eos 38, 247-262.
26. Labandeira, C. C. (1996) Contrib. Biol. Geol. Milwaukee Publ. Mus. 88, 1-71.
27. Storey, H. H. & Nichols, R. F. W. (1937) Proc. R. Entomol. Soc. London 12A, 149-150.
28. Cymorek, S. (1968) Rec. 18th Annu. Conv. Br. Wood Preserv. Assoc. 18, 161-170.
29. Hay, C. J. (1968) Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 61, 255-258.
30. Holmes, N. D. (1954) Can. Entomol. 86, 159-167.
31. Starzyk, J. R. (1977) Z. Angew. Entomol. 83, 269-281.
32. Headrick, D. H. & Goeden, R. D. (1989) Proc. Entomol. Soc Wash. 91, 594-603.
33. Smith, E. L. (1970) Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 63, 36-51.
34. Newstead, R. & Cummings, B. F. (1913) Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 11, 306-308.
35. Roskam, J. C. (1992) in Biology of Insect-Induced Galls, eds. Shorthouse, J. D. & Rohfritsch, O. (Oxford Univ. Press, New York), pp. 34-49.
36. Mamaev, B. M. (1975) Evolution of Gall Forming Insects - Gall Midges (The British Library, Boston Spa).
37. Willmann, R. (1989) Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges. 544, 1-153.
38. Courtney, G.W. (1991) Syst. Entomol. 16, 137-172.
39. Scoble, M. J. (1992) The Lepidoptera: Form, Function and Diversity (Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford), pp. 171, 192-195.
40. Shear, W. A. & Kukalová-Peck, J. (1990) Can. J. Zool. 68, 1807-1834.
41. Gepp, J. (1984) Proc. First Int. Symp. Neuropterol., 183-239.
42. Gauld, I. D. & Bolton, B., eds. (1988) The Hymenoptera (Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford), pp. 87-97.
43. Kristensen, N. M. (1989) in The Hierarchy of Life, eds. Fernholm, B., Bremer, K. & Jörnwall, H. (Elsevier, Amsterdam), pp. 295-306.
44. Kristensen, N. M. (1991) in The Insects of Australia: A Textbook for Student's and Research Workers, eds. Naumann, I. D., Carne, P. B., Lawrence, J. F., Nielsen, E. S., Spradbery, J. P., Taylor, R. W., Whitten, M. J. & Littlejohn, M. J. (Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, NY), Vol. 1., pp. 125-140.
45. Kukalová-Peck, J. (1991) in The Insects of Australia: A Textbook for Student's and Research Workers, eds. Naumann, I. D., Carne, P. B., Lawrence, J. F., Nielsen, E. S., Spradbery, J. P., Taylor, R. W., Whitten, M. J. & Littlejohn, M. J. (Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, NY), Vol. 1., pp. 141-179.
46. Carpenter, F. M. (1992) in Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, eds. Kaesler, R. L., Brosius, E., Keim, J. & Priesner, J. (Geol. Soc. of Am., Boulder, CO/Univ. of Kansas Press, Lawrence), Part 4, Vois. 3/4, pp. xxi, 1-655.
47. Togashi, I. (1989) Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 91, 406-413.
48. Shaw, M. R. & Bailey, M. (1991) Entomologist 110, 103-109.
49. Tillyard, R. J. (1918) Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 43, 265-319, 626-657.
50. Crampton, G. C. (1931) Entomologist 64, 154-158, 171-174.
51. Chen, S. H. (1946) Trans. R. Entomol. Soc. London 97, 381-404.
52. Lawrence, J. E. & Newton, A. F., Jr. (1982) Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 13, 261-290.
53. Berlese, A. (1913) Redia 9, 121-137.
54. Ghilarov, M. S. (1957) Zool. Zh. 36, 1683-1697 (in Russian).
55. Toms, R. B. (1984) J. Entomol. Soc. South Afr. 47, 169-276.
56. Martynov, A. V. (1925) Z. Morphol. Ökol Tiere 4, 465-501.
57. Sharov, A. G. (1966) Basic Arthropodan Stock with Special Reference to Insects (Pergamon, London).
58. Panganiban, G., Nagy, L. & Carroll, S. B. (1994) Curr. Biol. 4, 671-675.
59. Svacha, P. (1994) Dev. Biol. 154, 101-117.
60. Karny, H. H. (1926) in The Zoocecidia of the Netherlands East Indies, eds. van Leeuwen-Reijnvaan, J. & van Leeuwen, W. M. (Drukkerij de Unie, Jakarta), pp. 37-47.
61. Zwölfer, H. (1978) Sonderb. Naturwis. Ver. Hamburg 2, 7-50.
62. Strong, D. R., Lawton, J. H. & Southwood, T. R. E. (1984) Insects on Plants: Community Patterns and Mechanisms (Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, MA), pp. 31-45.
63. Labandeira, C. C. & Phillips, T. L. (1996) Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 89, 157-183.
64. Labancleira, C. C., Phillips, T. L. & Norton, R. A. (1996) Palaios 11, in press.
65. Cox, B. (1974) Nature (London) 249, 615-616.
66. DiMichele, W. A. & Hook, R. W. (1992) in Terrestrial Ecosystems through Time: Evolutionary Paleoecology of Terrestrial Plants and Animals, eds. Behrensmeyer, A. K., Damuth, J. D., DiMichele, W. A., Potts, R., Sues, H.-D. & Wing, S. L. (Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago), pp. 206-325.
67. Hughes, N. F. (1994) The Enigma of Angiosperm Origins (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge), pp. 45-46.
68. Labandeira, C. C. (1996) Paleontol. Soc. Spec. Publ. 8, 227 (abstr.).