Garnets recording deep crustal earthquakes

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Volumn 139, Issue 1-2, 1996, Pages 223-238

  Austrheim, Håkon ^a   Erambert, Muriel ^a   Boundy, Theresa M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

Deformation; Earthquakes; Garnet group; Holsn y Island Norway; Lower crust; Pseudotachylyte

Indexed keywords

COSEISMIC FAULTING; DEFORMATION; EARTHQUAKE; ECLOGITE FACIES; GARNET; PSEUDOTACHYLYTE;

NORWAY, BERGEN ARCS;

EID: 0029731261     PISSN: 0012821X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0012-821x(95)00232-2     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. A. Beach, The interrelations of fluid transport, deformation, geochemistry and heat flow in early Proterozoic shear zones in the Lewisian complex, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A 280, 569-604, 1976.
2. D.C. Rubie, Mechanisms of reaction-enhanced deformability in minerals and rocks, in: Deformation Processes in Minerals, Ceramics and Rocks, D.J. Barber and P.G. Meredith, eds., pp. 262-295, Unwin Hyman, London, 1990.
3. C. Frolich, A break in the deep, Nature 368, 100-101, 1994.
4. H.W. Green, Solving the paradox of deep earthquakes, Sci. Am. 271, 3, 50-57, 1994.
5. H. Houston, Deep quakes shake up debate, Nature 372, 724-725, 1994.
6. D.A. Wiens, J.J. McGuire, P.J. Shore, M.G. Bevis, K. Draunidalo, G. Prasad and S.P. Helu, A deep earthquake after-shock sequence and implications for the rupture mechanism of deep earthquakes, Nature 372, 540-543, 1994.
7. S.H. Kirby, Localized polymorphic phase transformation in high-pressure faults and applications to the physical mechanism of deep earthquakes, J. Geophys. Res. 92(B13), 13,789-13,800, 1987.
8. H.W. Green, T.E. Young, D. Walker and C.H. Scholz, Anticrack-associated faulting at very high pressure in natural olivine, Nature 348, 720-722, 1994.
9. R.H. Sibson, Generation of pseudotachylyte by ancient seismic faulting, Geophys. J.R. Astron. Soc. 43, 775-794, 1975.
10. D. Comte and G. Suarez, An inverted double seismic zone in Chile: Evidence of phase transformation in the subducted slab, Science 263, 212-215, 1994.
11. H. Austrheim and T.M. Boundy, Pseudotachylytes generated during seismic faulting and eclogitization of the deep crust, Science 265, 82-83, 1994.
12. H. Austrheim, Eclogitization of the deep crust in continent collision zones, C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris Ser. II 319, 716-774, 1994.
13. L.S. Hollister, Contact metamorphism in the Kwoiek Area of British Columbia: an end member of the metamorphic process, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 80, 2465-2494, 1969.
14. T.J. Ahrens and G. Schubert, Gabbro-eclogite reaction rates and its geophysical significance, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 13, 2, 383-400, 1975.
15. H. Austrheim, Eclogitisation of lower crustal granulites by fluid migration through shear zones, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 81, 221-232, 1987.
16. T.M. Boundy, D.M. Fountain and H. Austrheim, Structural development and petrofabrics of eclogite facies shear zones, Bergen Arcs, western Norway: implications for deep crustal deformation processes, J. Metamorph. Geol. 10, 1-21, 1992.
17. D.M. Fountain, T.M. Boundy, H. Austrheim and P. Rey, Eclogite-facies shear zones - deep crustal reflectors? Tectonophysics 232, 411-424, 1994.
18. H. Austrheim, The granulite-eclogite facies transition: A comparison of experimental work and a natural occurrence in the Bergen Arcs, western Norway, in: 3rd Int. Eclogite Conference, M. Okrusch, ed., Lithos 25, 163-169, 1990.
19. M. Erambert and H. Austrheim, The effect of fluid and deformation on zoning and inclusion patterns in poly-metamorphic garnets, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 115, 204-214, 1993.
20. R. Kretz, Symbols for rock-forming minerals, Am. Mineral. 68, 277-279, 1983.
21. G.E. Lloyd, Atomic number and crystallographic contrast images with the SEM: a review of backscattered electron techniques, Mineral. Mag. 51, 3-19, 1987.
22. V.I. Feldman, The conditions of shock metamorphism, in: Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution: Boulder Colorado, B.O. Dressler, R.A.F. Grieve and V.L. Sharpton, eds., Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. 293, 121-132, 1994.
23. V. Stähle, Natural shock behavior of almandite in metamorphic rocks from the Ries crater, Germany, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 25, 71-81, 1975.
24. J.G. Spray, A physical basis for the frictional melting of some rock-forming minerals, Tectonophysics 204, 205-221, 1992.
25. H.R. Wenk, Are Pseudotachylites products of fracture or fusion?, Geology 6, 507-511, 1978.
26. J. Macaudiere, W.L. Brown and D. Ohnenstetter, Microcrystalline textures resulting from rapid crystallization in a pseudotachylyte melt in a meta-anorthosite, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 89, 39-51, 1985.
27. D.J. Ellis and D.H. Green, An experimental study of the effect of Ca upon garnet-clinopyroxene Fe-Mg exchange equilibria, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 71, 13-22, 1979.
28. W.A. Deer, R.A. Howie amd J. Zussman, Rock-forming Minerals. Vol 1A Orthosilicates. 2nd ed., Longman, New York, NY, 1982.
29. N. Hurukawa and M. Imoto, A non double-couple earthquake in a subducting oceanic crust of the Philippine Sea plate, J. Phys. Earth 41, 257-269, 1993.
30. J.R. Kayal, R. De and P. Chakraborty, Microearthquakes at the main boundary thrust in eastern Himalaya and the present-day tectonic model, Tectonophysics 218, 375-381, 1993.
31. R.H. Sibson, Fluid flow accompanying faulting: Field evidence and models, in: Earthquakes Prediction, D.W. Simpson and P.G. Richards, eds., Am. Geophys. Union Maurice Ewing Ser. 4, 593-603, 1981.
32. A.M. McCaig, Deep fluid circulation in fault zones, Geology 16, 867-870, 1988.