Seismic anisotropy of the crystalline crust: What does it tell us?

Terra Nova

Volumn 8, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 16-21

  Rabbel, Wolfgang ^a   Mooney, Walter D ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KIEL   (Germany)

^b UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CRYSTALLINE CRUST; MINERAL ALIGNMENT; MINERAL COMPOSITION; SEISMIC ANISOTROPY;

GERMANY, BAVARIA, KTB SITE;

EID: 0029729905     PISSN: 09544879     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3121.1996.tb00721.x     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Ando M., Ishikawa Y. and Yamazaki F. (1983) Shear wave polarization anisotropy in the upper mantle beneath Honshu, Japan, J. geophys. Res., 88, 5850-5864.
2. Aster R.C., Shearer P.M. and Bergner J. (1990) Quantitative measurements of shear wave polarizations at the Anza seismic network, Southern California: Implications for shear wave splitting and earthquake prediction, J. geophys. Res., 95, B8, 12449-12437.
3. Babuska V. (1981) Anisotropy of Vp and Vs in rock forming minerals, J. Geophys., 50, 1-6.
4. Backus G.E. (1962) Long-wave elastic anisotropy produced by horizontal layering, J. geophys. Res., 67, 4427-1440.
5. Baumgärtner J., Rummel F. and Zhaotan C. (1987) Wireline hydraulic fracturing stress measurements in the Falkenberg Granite Massif, Geol. Jb., E39, 83-99.
6. Chastel Y.B., Dawson P.R., Wenk H.-R. and Bennett K. (1993) Anisotropic convection with implications for the upper mantle, J. geophys. Res., 98, B10, 17,757-17,771.
7. Christensen N.I. (1965) Compressional wave velocities in metamorphic rocks at pressures to 10 kbars, J. geophys. Res., 70, 6147-6164.
8. Christensen N.I. (1966) Shear wave velocities in metamorphic rocks at pressures to 10 kbars, J. geophys. Res., 71, 3549-3556.
9. Cliet C., Brodov L., Trikhonov A., Marin D. and Michon D. (1991) Anisotropy survey for reservoir definition, Geophys. J. Int., 107, 417-428.
10. Crampin S. (1987) Geological and industrial implications of extensive-dilatancy anisotropy, Nature, 328, 491-496.
11. Crampin S. (1989) Suggestions for a consistent terminology for seismic anisotropy, Geophys. Prospect., 37, 753-770.
12. Crampin S., Booth D.C., Evans R., Peacock S. and Fletcher J. (1990) Changes in shear-wave splitting at Auza near the time of the North Palm Springs Earth-quake, J. geophys. Res., 95, 11977-11212.
13. Crampin S. and Lovell J.H. (1991) A decade of shear wave splitting in the earth's crust, Geophys. J. Int., 107, 387-408.
14. Dürbaum H.-J., Reichert C. and Bram K. (eds) (1990) Integrated Seismics Oberpfalz, 1989, KTB-Report 90-6b.
15. Gebrande H. (1982) Elastic wave velocities and constants of elasticity of rocks and rock forming minerals. In: Physical properties of rocks, Landolt-Börnstein Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology V1b (ed. by G. Angenheister), pp. 1-99. Springer, Berlin.
16. Hake J.H. (1993) The role of layer-induced anisotropy in seismic exploration, Geol. Ultraiect. no. 96, Utrecht.
17. Hess H.H. (1964) Seismic anisotropy of the uppermost mantle under oceans, Nature, 203, 629-631.
18. Holbrook W.S., Gajewski D., Krammer A. and Prodehl C. (1988) An interpretation of wide-angle compressional and shearwave data in SW Germany: Poisson's ratio and petrological implications, J. geophys. Res., 93, B10, 12081-12106.
19. Holbrook W.S., Mooney W.D. and Christensen N.I. (1992) The seismic velocity structure of the deep continental crust. In: Continental Lower Crust (cd. by D.M. Fountain, R. Arculus, and R.W. Kay), pp. 1-13. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
20. Ji S. and Salisbury M.H. (1993) Shear wave velocities, anisotropy and splitting in high-grade mylonites, Tectonophysics, 221, 453-173.
21. Kern H., Schmidt R. and Popp T. (1991) The velocity and density structure of the 4000 m crustal segment at the KTB drilling site and their relationship to lithological and microstructural characteristics of the rocks: an experimental approach, Sci. Drill., 2, 130-145.
22. Kern H. and Wenk H.-R. (1990) Fabricrelated velocity anisotropy and shear wave splitting in rocks from the Santa Rosa mylonite zone, California, J. geophys. Res., 95, B7, 11212-11223.
23. Krey T. and Helbig K. (1956) A theorem concerning anisotropy of stratified media and its significance for reflection seismics, Geophys. Prospect., 4, 294-302.
24. Lüschen E., Nolte B. and Fuchs K. (1990) Shearwave evidence for an anisotropic lower crust beneath the Black Forest, SW Germany, Tectonophysics, 173, 483-493.
25. Lüschen E. (1994) Crustal 'bright spots' and anisotropy from multi-component P- and S-wave measurements in southern Germany, Tectonophysics, 232, 343-354.
26. Mastin L., Heinemann B., Krammer A., Fuchs K. and Zoback M.D. (1990) Stress orientation in the KTB pilot hole determined from stress induced wellbore breakouts, KTB-Report, 90-4, 239-256.
27. Mjelde R. (1992) Shear waves from three-component ocean bottom seismographs off Lofoten, Norway, indicative of anisotropy in the lower crust, Geophys. J. Int., 110, 283-296.
28. Popp T. (1994) Der Einfluss von Gesteinsmatrix, Mikrorissgefügen und intergranularen Fluiden auf die elastischen Wellengeschwindigkeiten und die elektrische Leitfähigkeit krustenrelevanter Gesteine unter FT-Bedingungen, PhD thesis, University of Kiel, Kiel.
29. Postma G.W. (1955) Wave propagation in a stratified medium, Geophysics, 20, 780-806.
30. Rabbel W. (1994) Seismic anisotropy at the Continental Deep Drilling Site (Germany), Tectonophysics, 232, 329-341.
31. Raitt R.W., Shor G.G., Francis T.J.G. and Morris G.B. (1969) Anisotropy of the Pacific upper mantle, J. geophys. Res., 74, 3095-3109.
32. Röhr C., Kohl J., Hacker W., Keyssner S., Müller H., Sigmund J., Stroh A. and Zulauf G. (1990) German Continental Deep Drilling Program (KTB)-geological survey of the pilot hole 'KTB Oberpfalz VB', KTB-Report, 90-8, B1-B55.
33. Siegesmund S., Vollbrecht A., Chlupac T., Nover G., Dürrast H., Müller J. and Weber K. (1993) Fabric-controlled anisotropy of petrophysical properties observed in KTB core samples, Sci. Drill., 4, 31-54.
34. Simon M. and Gebrande H. (1994) New seismic images of the earth's crust: Migration before stack, KTB-Report, 94-2, A87-A105.
35. Stroh A., Ansmann J., Heinschild H.-J., Homann K.D., Tapfer M., Wittenbecher M. and Zimmer M. (1990) Drill hole KTB Oberpfalz VB, Geoscientific Investigations in the KTB-Field-Laboratory, depth interval 0-4000.1 m/Geochemistry, Mineralogy, KTB-Report, 90-8, C1-C37.
36. Wyss M. (ed.) (1991) Evaluation of Proposed Earthquake Precursors. American Geophysical Union, Washington.
37. Zoback M.D., Apel R., Baumgärtner J., Brudy M., Emmermann R., Engeser B., Fuchs K., Kessels W., Rischmüller H., Rummel F. and Vemik L. (1993) Upper-crustal strength inferred from stress measurements to 6 km depth in the KTB borehole, Nature, 365, 633-635.