The argument from transfer

Bioethics

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 27-42

  Munthe, Christian ^a  

^a STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANALYTICAL APPROACH; ARTICLE; CHILD; ETHICAL THEORY; ETHICS; GENETICS AND REPRODUCTION; HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION; HUMAN; MORALITY; PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACH; POPULATION DYNAMICS; QUALITY OF LIFE; REPRODUCTION; RESOURCE ALLOCATION; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIOECONOMICS; VULNERABLE POPULATION;

ANALYTICAL APPROACH; GENETICS AND REPRODUCTION; PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACH;

CHILD; ETHICAL THEORY; ETHICS; HEALTH CARE RATIONING; HUMANS; MORAL OBLIGATIONS; POPULATION CONTROL; QUALITY OF LIFE; REPRODUCTION; RESOURCE ALLOCATION; SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; VULNERABLE POPULATIONS;

EID: 0029715634     PISSN: 02699702     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8519.1996.tb00101.x     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. One exception is the treatment of abortion in Christian Munthe, Livets slut i livets början. En studie i abortetik, Edsbruk, Sweden: Thales, 1992.
2. Parfit, D., Reasons and Persons, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984, chapter 17.
3. Cf, Parfit, Reasons and Persons, chapters 16, 18 & 19.
4. See, for example, Richard M. Hare, 'Possible People', Bioethics 2: 4, 1988, pp. 279-93 and Torbjörn Tännsjö, 'Who are the Beneficiaries?', Bioethics 6: 4, 1992, pp. 288-296.
5. See, for example, Richard M. Hare, 'Possible People', Bioethics 2: 4, 1988, pp. 279-93 and Torbjörn Tännsjö, 'Who are the Beneficiaries?', Bioethics 6: 4, 1992, pp. 288-296.
6. Richard M. Hare, 'Abortion and the Golden Rule', Philosophy & Public Affairs 4, 1975, p. 218.
7. Jonathan Glover, Causing Death and Saving Lives, Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1977, p. 70.
8. Peter Singer, Practical Ethics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979, p. 121.
9. Cf, Jonathan Glover, 'It Makes No Difference Whether or Not I Do It', in Singer (1986) (ed.), Applied Ethics, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986, and Parfit, Reasons and Persons, pp. 75 ff.
10. Cf, Jonathan Glover, 'It Makes No Difference Whether or Not I Do It', in Singer (1986) (ed.), Applied Ethics, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986, and Parfit, Reasons and Persons, pp. 75 ff.
11. Thomas Anderberg & Ingmar Persson (eds), Abortetik, Karlshamn, Sweden: Doxa, 198 7, p. 171. The quotation is translated from Swedish by myself.
12. Torbjörn Tännsjö has made this objection in conversation.
13. One supporter of WAU who probably would argue in this way is Fred Feldman, 'World Utilitarianism', in Lehrer, (ed), Analysis and Metaphysics, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1975.
14. Cf, Lars Bergström (1977) 'Utilitarianism and Future Mistakes', Theoria 43, 1977, p. 89.
15. This idea was first stated in Lars Bergström, The Alternatives and Consequences of Actions, Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1966.
16. Variations on this theme is found in Lars Bergström, 'On the Formulation and Application of Utilitarianism', Noûs 10, 1976, pp. 121-44; Eric Carlsson, Some Basic Problems of Consequentialism, Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 1994; Feldman, 'World Utilitarianism'; Holly S. Goldman, 'Doing the Best One Can', in Goldman & Kim (eds), Values and Morals, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1978; Frank Jackson & Robert Pargetter, 'Ought, Options and Actualism', The Philosophical Review XCV (1986), pp. 233-55; Wlodzimierz Rabinowicz, 'Utilitarianism and Conflicting Obligations', Theoria 44, 1978, pp. 19-24; and Howard Sobel, 'Utilitarianism and Past and Future Mistakes', Noûw 10, 1976, pp. 195-219.
17. Variations on this theme is found in Lars Bergström, 'On the Formulation and Application of Utilitarianism', Noûs 10, 1976, pp. 121-44; Eric Carlsson, Some Basic Problems of Consequentialism, Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 1994; Feldman, 'World Utilitarianism'; Holly S. Goldman, 'Doing the Best One Can', in Goldman & Kim (eds), Values and Morals, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1978; Frank Jackson & Robert Pargetter, 'Ought, Options and Actualism', The Philosophical Review XCV (1986), pp. 233-55; Wlodzimierz Rabinowicz, 'Utilitarianism and Conflicting Obligations', Theoria 44, 1978, pp. 19-24; and Howard Sobel, 'Utilitarianism and Past and Future Mistakes', Noûw 10, 1976, pp. 195-219.
18. Variations on this theme is found in Lars Bergström, 'On the Formulation and Application of Utilitarianism', Noûs 10, 1976, pp. 121-44; Eric Carlsson, Some Basic Problems of Consequentialism, Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 1994; Feldman, 'World Utilitarianism'; Holly S. Goldman, 'Doing the Best One Can', in Goldman & Kim (eds), Values and Morals, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1978; Frank Jackson & Robert Pargetter, 'Ought, Options and Actualism', The Philosophical Review XCV (1986), pp. 233-55; Wlodzimierz Rabinowicz, 'Utilitarianism and Conflicting Obligations', Theoria 44, 1978, pp. 19-24; and Howard Sobel, 'Utilitarianism and Past and Future Mistakes', Noûw 10, 1976, pp. 195-219.
19. Variations on this theme is found in Lars Bergström, 'On the Formulation and Application of Utilitarianism', Noûs 10, 1976, pp. 121-44; Eric Carlsson, Some Basic Problems of Consequentialism, Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 1994; Feldman, 'World Utilitarianism'; Holly S. Goldman, 'Doing the Best One Can', in Goldman & Kim (eds), Values and Morals, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1978; Frank Jackson & Robert Pargetter, 'Ought, Options and Actualism', The Philosophical Review XCV (1986), pp. 233-55; Wlodzimierz Rabinowicz, 'Utilitarianism and Conflicting Obligations', Theoria 44, 1978, pp. 19-24; and Howard Sobel, 'Utilitarianism and Past and Future Mistakes', Noûw 10, 1976, pp. 195-219.
20. Variations on this theme is found in Lars Bergström, 'On the Formulation and Application of Utilitarianism', Noûs 10, 1976, pp. 121-44; Eric Carlsson, Some Basic Problems of Consequentialism, Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 1994; Feldman, 'World Utilitarianism'; Holly S. Goldman, 'Doing the Best One Can', in Goldman & Kim (eds), Values and Morals, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1978; Frank Jackson & Robert Pargetter, 'Ought, Options and Actualism', The Philosophical Review XCV (1986), pp. 233-55; Wlodzimierz Rabinowicz, 'Utilitarianism and Conflicting Obligations', Theoria 44, 1978, pp. 19-24; and Howard Sobel, 'Utilitarianism and Past and Future Mistakes', Noûw 10, 1976, pp. 195-219.
21. Variations on this theme is found in Lars Bergström, 'On the Formulation and Application of Utilitarianism', Noûs 10, 1976, pp. 121-44; Eric Carlsson, Some Basic Problems of Consequentialism, Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 1994; Feldman, 'World Utilitarianism'; Holly S. Goldman, 'Doing the Best One Can', in Goldman & Kim (eds), Values and Morals, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1978; Frank Jackson & Robert Pargetter, 'Ought, Options and Actualism', The Philosophical Review XCV (1986), pp. 233-55; Wlodzimierz Rabinowicz, 'Utilitarianism and Conflicting Obligations', Theoria 44, 1978, pp. 19-24; and Howard Sobel, 'Utilitarianism and Past and Future Mistakes', Noûw 10, 1976, pp. 195-219.
22. Variations on this theme is found in Lars Bergström, 'On the Formulation and Application of Utilitarianism', Noûs 10, 1976, pp. 121-44; Eric Carlsson, Some Basic Problems of Consequentialism, Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 1994; Feldman, 'World Utilitarianism'; Holly S. Goldman, 'Doing the Best One Can', in Goldman & Kim (eds), Values and Morals, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1978; Frank Jackson & Robert Pargetter, 'Ought, Options and Actualism', The Philosophical Review XCV (1986), pp. 233-55; Wlodzimierz Rabinowicz, 'Utilitarianism and Conflicting Obligations', Theoria 44, 1978, pp. 19-24; and Howard Sobel, 'Utilitarianism and Past and Future Mistakes', Noûw 10, 1976, pp. 195-219.
23. Cf, Feldman, 'World Utilitarianism'.
24. Howard Sobel has made this suggestion in correspondence. Decision theoretical versions of the same idea are found in Howard Sobel, 'Expected Utilities and Rational Actions and Choices', Theoria 49, 1983, pp. 159-183; and Taking Chances: Essays on Rational Choice, Cambridge: Cambridge Uiversity Press, 1994.
25. Howard Sobel has made this suggestion in correspondence. Decision theoretical versions of the same idea are found in Howard Sobel, 'Expected Utilities and Rational Actions and Choices', Theoria 49, 1983, pp. 159-183; and Taking Chances: Essays on Rational Choice, Cambridge: Cambridge Uiversity Press, 1994.
26. This version, as well as the kind of dilemmas permitted by it, has been defended by Torbjörn Tännsjö in 'The Morality of Abstract Entities', Theoria 44, 1978, pp. 1-18; and 'Moral Conflict and Moral Realism', Journal of Philosophy 82, 1985, pp. 113-17.
27. This version, as well as the kind of dilemmas permitted by it, has been defended by Torbjörn Tännsjö in 'The Morality of Abstract Entities', Theoria 44, 1978, pp. 1-18; and 'Moral Conflict and Moral Realism', Journal of Philosophy 82, 1985, pp. 113-17.
28. Cf, Bergström 'Utilitarianism and Future Mistakes', p. 89.
29. Cf, Richard M. Hare, Moral Thinking: Its Levels, Methods and Point, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981, chapters 2 & 3.
30. For an elaboration of the distinction between criterions of lightness and decision procedures, see R.E. Bales, 'Act-Utilitarianism: Account of Right-making Characteristics or Decision-making Procedure?', American Philosophical Quarterly 8, 1971, pp. 257-65.
31. Cf, Feldman, 'World Utilitarianism'.
32. Cf, Bergström, 'Utilitarianism and Future Mistakes', pp. 99-100.
33. This line of thought is sometimes hinted at by Sobel in 'Utilitarianism and Past and Future Mistakes'.
34. This seems to be the core of Sobel's decision theoretical idea mentioned in note 16.
35. Cf, Munthe, Livets slut i livets början. En studie i abortetik.
36. Thomas Anderberg, Lars Bergström, Gunnar Björnsson, Björn Eriksson, Torbjörn Tännsjö and Jan Österberg have made several helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper. Acting as non-anonymous referees for Bioethics, Richard Hare and Howard Sobel have made suggestions which have enabled me to avoid a number of mistakes, as well as (hopefully) stating my opinions in a more clear way.