메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 21, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 43-69

Research on cooperative learning and achievement: What we know, what we need to know

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 0029715015     PISSN: 0361476X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/ceps.1996.0004     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (946)

References (107)
  • 1
    • 0002170203 scopus 로고
    • Ability grouping research reviews: What do they say about grouping and the gifted?
    • ALLEN, S. D. (1991). Ability grouping research reviews: What do they say about grouping and the gifted? Educational Leadership, 48(6), 60-65.
    • (1991) Educational Leadership , vol.48 , Issue.6 , pp. 60-65
    • Allen, S.D.1
  • 2
    • 0000028117 scopus 로고
    • When two wrongs make a right: Promoting cognitive change by social conflict
    • AMES, G. J., & MURRAY, F. B. (1982). When two wrongs make a right: Promoting cognitive change by social conflict. Developmental Psychology, 18, 894-897.
    • (1982) Developmental Psychology , vol.18 , pp. 894-897
    • Ames, G.J.1    Murray, F.B.2
  • 6
    • 0002251955 scopus 로고
    • Cooperative problem solving: A link to inner speech
    • R. Hertz-Lazarowitz & N. Miller (Eds.). New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
    • BERSHON, B. L. (1992). Cooperative problem solving: A link to inner speech. In R. Hertz-Lazarowitz & N. Miller (Eds.), Interaction in cooperative groups (pp. 36-48). New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
    • (1992) Interaction in Cooperative Groups , pp. 36-48
    • Bershon, B.L.1
  • 7
    • 0002366528 scopus 로고
    • Groups of four: Solving the management problem
    • September
    • BURNS, M. (1981, September). Groups of four: Solving the management problem. Learning, pp. 46-51.
    • (1981) Learning , pp. 46-51
    • Burns, M.1
  • 9
    • 84970348460 scopus 로고
    • Reinforcement, reward, and intrinsic motivation: A meta-analysis
    • CAMERON, J., & PIERCE, W. D. (1994). Reinforcement, reward, and intrinsic motivation: A meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 64, 363-423.
    • (1994) Review of Educational Research , vol.64 , pp. 363-423
    • Cameron, J.1    Pierce, W.D.2
  • 10
    • 0011530263 scopus 로고
    • Effects of interdependent group contingencies on the achievement of elementary school children
    • CAVANAGH, B. R. (1984). Effects of interdependent group contingencies on the achievement of elementary school children. Dissertation Abstracts, 46, 1558.
    • (1984) Dissertation Abstracts , vol.46 , pp. 1558
    • Cavanagh, B.R.1
  • 11
    • 0001190419 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between Student Team Learning outcomes and achievement, causal attributions, and affect
    • CHAMBERS, B., & ABRAMI, P. C. (1991). The relationship between Student Team Learning outcomes and achievement, causal attributions, and affect. Journal of Educational Psychology, 83, 140-146.
    • (1991) Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.83 , pp. 140-146
    • Chambers, B.1    Abrami, P.C.2
  • 14
    • 84970331963 scopus 로고
    • Restructuring the classroom: Conditions for productive small groups
    • COHEN, E. G. (1994b). Restructuring the classroom: Conditions for productive small groups. Review of Educational Research, 64(1), 1-35.
    • (1994) Review of Educational Research , vol.64 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-35
    • Cohen, E.G.1
  • 17
    • 0002384568 scopus 로고
    • Cooperative learning strategies
    • C. E. Weinstein, E. T. Goetz, & P. A. Alexander, (Eds.). Orlando, FL: Academic Press
    • DANSEREAU, D. F. (1988). Cooperative learning strategies. In C. E. Weinstein, E. T. Goetz, & P. A. Alexander, (Eds.), Learning and study strategies: Issues in assessment, instruction, and evaluation (pp. 103-120). Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
    • (1988) Learning and Study Strategies: Issues in Assessment, Instruction, and Evaluation , pp. 103-120
    • Dansereau, D.F.1
  • 18
    • 0001630728 scopus 로고
    • Small-group learning and teaching in mathematics: A selective review of the research
    • R. E. Slavin, S. Sharan, S. Kagan, R. Hertz-Lazarowitz, C. Webb, & R. Schmuck (Eds.). New York: Plenum
    • DAVIDSON, N. (1985). Small-group learning and teaching in mathematics: A selective review of the research. In R. E. Slavin, S. Sharan, S. Kagan, R. Hertz-Lazarowitz, C. Webb, & R. Schmuck (Eds.). Learning to cooperating to learn (pp. 211-230). New York: Plenum.
    • (1985) Learning to Cooperating to Learn , pp. 211-230
    • Davidson, N.1
  • 20
  • 22
    • 0001327743 scopus 로고
    • Effects of reciprocal peer tutoring on mathematics and school adjustment: A component analysis
    • FANTUZZO, J. W., KING, J. A., & HELLER, L. R. (1992). Effects of reciprocal peer tutoring on mathematics and school adjustment: A component analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 84, 33-339.
    • (1992) Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.84 , pp. 33-339
    • Fantuzzo, J.W.1    King, J.A.2    Heller, L.R.3
  • 23
    • 38249016415 scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of reciprocal peer tutoring across elementary school settings
    • FANTUZZO, J. W., POLITE, K., & GRAYSON, N. (1990). An evaluation of reciprocal peer tutoring across elementary school settings. Journal of School Psychology, 28, 309-323.
    • (1990) Journal of School Psychology , vol.28 , pp. 309-323
    • Fantuzzo, J.W.1    Polite, K.2    Grayson, N.3
  • 24
    • 0001270846 scopus 로고
    • Effects of reciprocal peer tutoring on academic achievement and psychological adjustment: A component analysis
    • FANTUZZO, J. W., RIGGIO, R. E., CONNELLY, S., & DIMEFF, L. A. (1989). Effects of reciprocal peer tutoring on academic achievement and psychological adjustment: A component analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 81, 173-177.
    • (1989) Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.81 , pp. 173-177
    • Fantuzzo, J.W.1    Riggio, R.E.2    Connelly, S.3    Dimeff, L.A.4
  • 26
    • 0011528392 scopus 로고
    • Educational of gifted students: A civil rights issue?
    • GALLAGHER, J. J. (1995). Educational of gifted students: A civil rights issue? Phi Delta Kappan, 76(5), 408-410.
    • (1995) Phi Delta Kappan , vol.76 , Issue.5 , pp. 408-410
    • Gallagher, J.J.1
  • 30
    • 0016982503 scopus 로고
    • The use of group contingencies for behavioral control: A review
    • HAYES, L. (1976). The use of group contingencies for behavioral control: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 83, 628-648.
    • (1976) Psychological Bulletin , vol.83 , pp. 628-648
    • Hayes, L.1
  • 32
    • 0000950542 scopus 로고
    • What works in teaching composition: A meta-analysis of experimental treatment studies
    • HILLOCKS, G. (1984). What works in teaching composition: A meta-analysis of experimental treatment studies. American Journal of Education, 93, 133-170.
    • (1984) American Journal of Education , vol.93 , pp. 133-170
    • Hillocks, G.1
  • 34
    • 84970331523 scopus 로고
    • Conflict in the classroom: Controversy and learning
    • JOHNSON, D. W., & JOHNSON, R. T. (1979). Conflict in the classroom: Controversy and learning. Review of Educational Research, 49, 51-70.
    • (1979) Review of Educational Research , vol.49 , pp. 51-70
    • Johnson, D.W.1    Johnson, R.T.2
  • 36
    • 0000596902 scopus 로고
    • Positive interdependence: Key to effective cooperation
    • R. Hertz-Lazarowitz & N. Miller (Eds.). New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
    • JOHNSON, D. W., & JOHNSON, R. T. (1992). Positive interdependence: Key to effective cooperation. In R. Hertz-Lazarowitz & N. Miller (Eds.), Interaction in cooperative groups: The theoretical anatomy of group learning (pp. 174-199). New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
    • (1992) Interaction in Cooperative Groups: The Theoretical Anatomy of Group Learning , pp. 174-199
    • Johnson, D.W.1    Johnson, R.T.2
  • 38
    • 0002791587 scopus 로고
    • Effects of cooperative, competitive, and individualistic goal structures on achievement: A meta-analysis
    • JOHNSON, D. W., MARUYAMA, G., JOHNSON, R., NELSON, D., & SKON, L. (1981). Effects of cooperative, competitive, and individualistic goal structures on achievement: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 89, 47-62.
    • (1981) Psychological Bulletin , vol.89 , pp. 47-62
    • Johnson, D.W.1    Maruyama, G.2    Johnson, R.3    Nelson, D.4    Skon, L.5
  • 40
    • 85029962329 scopus 로고
    • March. Paper presented at the annual convention of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago
    • JOHNSON, L. C., & WAXMAN, H. C. (1985, March). Evaluating the effects of the "groups of four" program. Paper presented at the annual convention of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago.
    • (1985) Evaluating the Effects of the "Groups of Four" Program
    • Johnson, L.C.1    Waxman, H.C.2
  • 43
    • 0004266105 scopus 로고
    • San Juan Capistrano, CA: Kagan Cooperative Learning
    • KAGAN, S. (1992). Cooperative learning (8th ed.). San Juan Capistrano, CA: Kagan Cooperative Learning.
    • (1992) Cooperative Learning (8th Ed.)
    • Kagan, S.1
  • 46
    • 0001074741 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of change in the development of cognitive structures
    • KUHN, D. (1972). Mechanism of change in the development of cognitive structures. Child Development, 43, 833-844.
    • (1972) Child Development , vol.43 , pp. 833-844
    • Kuhn, D.1
  • 48
    • 0016552363 scopus 로고
    • Abrief review of classroom group-oriented contingencies
    • LITOW, L., & PUMROY, D. (1975). Abrief review of classroom group-oriented contingencies. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 8, 341-347.
    • (1975) Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis , vol.8 , pp. 341-347
    • Litow, L.1    Pumroy, D.2
  • 49
  • 50
    • 0011528675 scopus 로고
    • A plea for "more local" theories of cooperative learning
    • MANDL, H., & RENKL, A. (1993). A plea for "more local" theories of cooperative learning. Learning and Instruction, 3, 12-18.
    • (1993) Learning and Instruction , vol.3 , pp. 12-18
    • Mandl, H.1    Renkl, A.2
  • 51
    • 0011592728 scopus 로고
    • The what, why, and how of cooperative learning
    • May/June
    • MANNING, M. L., & LUCKING, R. (1991, May/June). The what, why, and how of cooperative learning. The Social Studies, pp. 120-124.
    • (1991) The Social Studies , pp. 120-124
    • Manning, M.L.1    Lucking, R.2
  • 52
    • 0011588834 scopus 로고
    • Cooperative learning and achievement in social studies: Jigsaw II
    • MATTINGLY, R. M., & VAN SICKLE, R. L. (1991). Cooperative learning and achievement in social studies: Jigsaw II. Social Education, 55(6), 392-395.
    • (1991) Social Education , vol.55 , Issue.6 , pp. 392-395
    • Mattingly, R.M.1    Van Sickle, R.L.2
  • 53
    • 38249015790 scopus 로고
    • The effects of two cooperative conditions on peer group discussions, reading comprehension, and metacognition
    • MELOTH, M. S., & DEERING, P. D. (1992). The effects of two cooperative conditions on peer group discussions, reading comprehension, and metacognition. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 17, 175-193.
    • (1992) Contemporary Educational Psychology , vol.17 , pp. 175-193
    • Meloth, M.S.1    Deering, P.D.2
  • 54
    • 21344491279 scopus 로고
    • Task talk and task awareness under different cooperative learning conditions
    • MELOTH, M. S., & DEERING, P. D. (1994). Task talk and task awareness under different cooperative learning conditions. American Educational Research Journal, 31(1), 138-166.
    • (1994) American Educational Research Journal , vol.31 , Issue.1 , pp. 138-166
    • Meloth, M.S.1    Deering, P.D.2
  • 57
    • 84984426468 scopus 로고
    • Sociocognitive conflict and structuration of individual and collective performances
    • MUGNY, B., & DOISE, W. (1978). Sociocognitive conflict and structuration of individual and collective performances. European Journal of Social Psychology, 8, 181-192.
    • (1978) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.8 , pp. 181-192
    • Mugny, B.1    Doise, W.2
  • 59
    • 85029960305 scopus 로고
    • April. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans
    • NEWBERN, D., DANSEREAU, D. F., PATTERSON, M. E., & WALLACE, D. S. (1994, April). Toward a science of cooperation. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans.
    • (1994) Toward a Science of Cooperation
    • Newbern, D.1    Dansereau, D.F.2    Patterson, M.E.3    Wallace, D.S.4
  • 61
    • 85029967913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of explicit incentives on scripted and unscripted cooperation
    • in press
    • O'DONNELL, A. M. (in press). The effects of explicit incentives on scripted and unscripted cooperation. Journal of Educational Psychology.
    • Journal of Educational Psychology
    • O'Donnell, A.M.1
  • 62
    • 0002646784 scopus 로고
    • Scripted cooperation in student dyads: A method for analyzing and enhancing academic learning and performance
    • R. Hertz-Lazarowitz & N. Miller (Eds.). New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
    • O'DONNELL, A. M., & DANSEREAU, D. F. (1992). Scripted cooperation in student dyads: A method for analyzing and enhancing academic learning and performance. In R. Hertz-Lazarowitz & N. Miller (Eds.), Interaction in cooperative groups: The theoretical anatomy of group learning (pp. 120-144). New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
    • (1992) Interaction in Cooperative Groups: The Theoretical Anatomy of Group Learning , pp. 120-144
    • O'Donnell, A.M.1    Dansereau, D.F.2
  • 63
    • 84987224822 scopus 로고
    • The relative effectiveness of cooperative and competitive interaction techniques in strengthening students' performance in science classes
    • OKEBUKOLA, P. A. (1985). The relative effectiveness of cooperative and competitive interaction techniques in strengthening students' performance in science classes. Science Education, 69, 501-509.
    • (1985) Science Education , vol.69 , pp. 501-509
    • Okebukola, P.A.1
  • 64
    • 84987168402 scopus 로고
    • The influence of preferred learning styles on cooperative learning in science
    • OKEBULOLA, P. A. (1986). The influence of preferred learning styles on cooperative learning in science. Science Education, 70, 509-517.
    • (1986) Science Education , vol.70 , pp. 509-517
    • Okebulola, P.A.1
  • 66
    • 84963428932 scopus 로고
    • Reciprocal teaching of comprehension monitoring activities
    • PALINCSAR, A. S., & BROWN, A. L. (1984). Reciprocal teaching of comprehension monitoring activities. Cognition and Instruction, 2, 117-175.
    • (1984) Cognition and Instruction , vol.2 , pp. 117-175
    • Palincsar, A.S.1    Brown, A.L.2
  • 72
    • 0002804702 scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of research on class size
    • ROBINSON, G. E. (1990). Synthesis of research on class size. Educational Leadership, 47(7), 80-90.
    • (1990) Educational Leadership , vol.47 , Issue.7 , pp. 80-90
    • Robinson, G.E.1
  • 73
    • 0003057568 scopus 로고
    • The use of scaffolds for teaching higher level cognitive strategies
    • ROSENSHINE, B., & MEISTER, C. (1992). The use of scaffolds for teaching higher level cognitive strategies. Educational Leadership, 49(7), 26-33.
    • (1992) Educational Leadership , vol.49 , Issue.7 , pp. 26-33
    • Rosenshine, B.1    Meister, C.2
  • 75
    • 0002661296 scopus 로고
    • A group-investigation method of cooperative learning in the classroom
    • S. Sharan, P. Hare, C. Webb, & R. Hertz-Lazarowitz (Eds.). Provo, UT: Brigham Young Univ. Press
    • SHARAN, S., & HERTZ-LAZAROWITZ, R. (1980). A group-investigation method of cooperative learning in the classroom. In S. Sharan, P. Hare, C. Webb, & R. Hertz-Lazarowitz (Eds.), Cooperation in education. Provo, UT: Brigham Young Univ. Press.
    • (1980) Cooperation in Education
    • Sharan, S.1    Hertz-Lazarowitz, R.2
  • 79
    • 84965737312 scopus 로고
    • Classroom reward structure: An analytic and practical review
    • SLAVIN, R. E. (1977). Classroom reward structure: An analytic and practical review. Review of Educational Research, 47, 633-650.
    • (1977) Review of Educational Research , vol.47 , pp. 633-650
    • Slavin, R.E.1
  • 81
    • 0000258197 scopus 로고
    • When does cooperative learning increase student achievement?
    • SLAVIN, R. E. (1983b). When does cooperative learning increase student achievement? Psychological Bulletin, 94, 429-445.
    • (1983) Psychological Bulletin , vol.94 , pp. 429-445
    • Slavin, R.E.1
  • 82
    • 0001647287 scopus 로고
    • Team-assisted individualization: Combining cooperative learning and individualized instruction in mathematics
    • R. E. Slavin, S. Sharan, S. Kagan, R. Hertz-Lazarowitz, C. Webb, & R. Schmuck (Eds.). New York: Plenum
    • SLAVIN, R. E. (1985). Team-Assisted Individualization: Combining cooperative learning and individualized instruction in mathematics. In R. E. Slavin, S. Sharan, S. Kagan, R. Hertz-Lazarowitz, C. Webb, & R. Schmuck (Eds.), Learning to cooperative, cooperating to learn (pp. 177-209). New York: Plenum.
    • (1985) Learning to Cooperative, Cooperating to Learn , pp. 177-209
    • Slavin, R.E.1
  • 83
    • 0003021544 scopus 로고
    • Cooperative learning: Where behavioral and humanistic approaches to classroom motivation meet
    • SLAVIN, R. E. (1987). Cooperative learning: Where behavioral and humanistic approaches to classroom motivation meet. Elementary School Journal, 88, 9-37.
    • (1987) Elementary School Journal , vol.88 , pp. 9-37
    • Slavin, R.E.1
  • 84
    • 0001928914 scopus 로고
    • Cooperative learning and achievement: Six theoretical perspectives
    • C. Ames and M. L. Maehr (Eds.). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press
    • SLAVIN, R. E. (1989). Cooperative learning and achievement: Six theoretical perspectives. In C. Ames and M. L. Maehr (Eds.), Advances in motivation and achievement. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
    • (1989) Advances in Motivation and Achievement
    • Slavin, R.E.1
  • 85
    • 0002549117 scopus 로고
    • Are cooperative learning and untracking harmful to the gifted?
    • SLAVIN, R. E. (1991). Are cooperative learning and untracking harmful to the gifted? Educational Leadership, 48(6), 68-71.
    • (1991) Educational Leadership , vol.48 , Issue.6 , pp. 68-71
    • Slavin, R.E.1
  • 86
    • 0001140599 scopus 로고
    • When and why does cooperative learning increase achievement? Theoretical and empirical perspectives
    • R. Hertz-Lazarowitz & N. Miller (Eds.). New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
    • SLAVIN, R. E. (1992). When and why does cooperative learning increase achievement? Theoretical and empirical perspectives. In R. Hertz-Lazarowitz & N. Miller (Eds.), Interaction in cooperative groups: The theoretical anatomy of group learning (pp. 145-173). New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
    • (1992) Interaction in Cooperative Groups: The Theoretical Anatomy of Group Learning , pp. 145-173
    • Slavin, R.E.1
  • 88
    • 0003413631 scopus 로고
    • Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University, Center for Social Organization of Schools
    • SLAVIN, R. E. (1994). Using student team learning (2nd ed.). Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University, Center for Social Organization of Schools.
    • (1994) Using Student Team Learning (2nd Ed.)
    • Slavin, R.E.1
  • 89
    • 85029971353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cooperative learning: Theory, research, and implications for active learning
    • in press D. Stern (Ed.). Paris: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
    • SLAVIN, R. E. (in press). Cooperative learning: Theory, research, and implications for active learning. In D. Stern (Ed.), Active learning. Paris: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.
    • Active Learning
    • Slavin, R.E.1
  • 91
    • 0001961692 scopus 로고
    • Cooperative learning as part of a comprehensive classroom program designed to promote prosocial development
    • S. Sharan (Ed.). New York: Praeger
    • SOLOMON, D., WATSON, M., SCRAPS, E., BATTISTICH, V., & SOLOMON, J. (1990). Cooperative learning as part of a comprehensive classroom program designed to promote prosocial development. In S. Sharan (Ed.) Cooperative learning: Theory and research. New York: Praeger.
    • (1990) Cooperative Learning: Theory and Research
    • Solomon, D.1    Watson, M.2    Scraps, E.3    Battistich, V.4    Solomon, J.5
  • 92
    • 0040232385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • in press. Paris: Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development
    • STERN, D. (Ed.). (in press). Active learning. Paris: Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development.
    • Active Learning
    • Stern, D.1
  • 93
    • 84937288498 scopus 로고
    • Effects of a cooperative learning approach in reading and writing on academically handicapped and nonhandicapped students
    • STEVENS, R. J., & SLAVIN, R. E. (1995a). Effects of a cooperative learning approach in reading and writing on academically handicapped and nonhandicapped students. The Elementary School Journal, 95(3), 241-262.
    • (1995) The Elementary School Journal , vol.95 , Issue.3 , pp. 241-262
    • Stevens, R.J.1    Slavin, R.E.2
  • 94
    • 84937297463 scopus 로고
    • The cooperative elementary school: Effects on students' achievement, attitudes, and social relations
    • STEVENS, R. J., & SLAVIN, R. E. (1995b). The cooperative elementary school: Effects on students' achievement, attitudes, and social relations. American Educational Research Journal, 32, 321-351.
    • (1995) American Educational Research Journal , vol.32 , pp. 321-351
    • Stevens, R.J.1    Slavin, R.E.2
  • 96
    • 0003129672 scopus 로고
    • The effects of cooperative learning and direct instruction in reading comprehension strategies on main idea identification
    • STEVENS, R. J., SLAVIN, R. E., & FARNISH, A. M. (1991). The effects of cooperative learning and direct instruction in reading comprehension strategies on main idea identification. Journal of Educational Psychology, 83, 8-16.
    • (1991) Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.83 , pp. 8-16
    • Stevens, R.J.1    Slavin, R.E.2    Farnish, A.M.3
  • 97
    • 0011592435 scopus 로고
    • The influence of cooperative learning strategies on teacher practices, student perceptions of the learning environment, and academic achievement
    • TALMAGE, H., PASCARELLA, E. T., & FORD, S. (1984). The influence of cooperative learning strategies on teacher practices, student perceptions of the learning environment, and academic achievement. American Educational Research Journal, 21, 163-179.
    • (1984) American Educational Research Journal , vol.21 , pp. 163-179
    • Talmage, H.1    Pascarella, E.T.2    Ford, S.3
  • 100
    • 0000260808 scopus 로고
    • Industrial social psychology
    • G. Lindzey and E. Aronson (Eds.). Reading, Ma: Addison-Wesley
    • VROOM, V. H. (1969). Industrial social psychology. In G. Lindzey and E. Aronson (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (2nd ed., Vol. 5). Reading, Ma: Addison-Wesley.
    • (1969) The Handbook of Social Psychology 2nd Ed. , vol.5
    • Vroom, V.H.1
  • 101
    • 0004115808 scopus 로고
    • M. Cole, V. John-Steiner, S. Scribner, & E. Souberman, Eds., Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
    • VYGOTSKY, L. S. (1978). Mind in society (M. Cole, V. John-Steiner, S. Scribner, & E. Souberman, Eds.), Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.
    • (1978) Mind in Society
    • Vygotsky, L.S.1
  • 104
    • 0002619138 scopus 로고
    • Testing a theoretical model of student interaction and learning in small groups
    • R. Hertz-Lazarowitz & N. Miller (Eds.). New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
    • WEBB, N. M. (1992). Testing a theoretical model of student interaction and learning in small groups. In R. Hertz-Lazarowitz & N. Miller (Eds.), Interaction in cooperative groups: The theoretical anatomy of group learning (pp. 102-119). New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
    • (1992) Interaction in Cooperative Groups: The Theoretical Anatomy of Group Learning , pp. 102-119
    • Webb, N.M.1
  • 105
    • 0015711211 scopus 로고
    • Effects of cooperative and competitive classroom environments on the attitudes and achievement of elementary school students engaged in social studies inquiry activities
    • WHEELER, R., & RYAN, F. L. (1973) Effects of cooperative and competitive classroom environments on the attitudes and achievement of elementary school students engaged in social studies inquiry activities. Journal of Educational Psychology, 65, 402-407.
    • (1973) Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.65 , pp. 402-407
    • Wheeler, R.1    Ryan, F.L.2
  • 106
    • 0001796592 scopus 로고
    • Students' thought processes
    • M. C. Wittrock (Ed.), New York: Macmillan
    • WITTROCK, M. C. (1986). Students' thought processes. In M. C. Wittrock (Ed.), Handbook of research on teaching (3rd ed.) New York: Macmillan.
    • (1986) Handbook of Research on Teaching (3rd Ed.)
    • Wittrock, M.C.1
  • 107
    • 84935616608 scopus 로고
    • The impact of group processing on achievement in cooperative learning
    • YAGER, S., JOHNSON, R. T., JOHNSON, D. W., & SNIDER, B. (1986). The impact of group processing on achievement in cooperative learning. Journal of Social Psychology, 126, 389-397.
    • (1986) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.126 , pp. 389-397
    • Yager, S.1    Johnson, R.T.2    Johnson, D.W.3    Snider, B.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.