Genetic and Environmental Structure of the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire: Three or Four Temperament Dimensions?

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Volumn 70, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 127-140

  Stallings, Michael C ^a   Hewitt, John K ^a   Cloninger, C Robert ^b   Heath, Andrew C ^b   Eaves, Lindon J ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^c VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGED; ARTICLE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; ENVIRONMENT; FEMALE; GENETICS; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PERSONALITY; PERSONALITY TEST; PHENOTYPE; QUESTIONNAIRE; TEMPERAMENT; TWINS;

AGED; ENVIRONMENT; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PERSONALITY; PERSONALITY INVENTORY; PHENOTYPE; QUESTIONNAIRES; TEMPERAMENT; TWINS;

EID: 0029687642     PISSN: 00223514     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.70.1.127     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Brown, S. L., Svrakic, D. M., Przybeck, T. R., & Cloninger, C. R. (1992). The relationship of personality to mood and anxiety states: A dimensional approach. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 26, 197-211.
2. Cloninger, C. R. (1986). A unified biosocial theory of personality and its role in the development of anxiety states. Psychiatric Developments, 3, 167-226.
3. Cloninger, C. R. (1987a). A systematic method for clinical description and classification of personality variants. Archives of General Psychiatry, 44, 573-588.
4. Cloninger, C. R. (1987b). Neurogenetic adaptive mechanisms in alcoholism. Science, 236, 410-416.
5. Cloninger, C. R. (1987c). The Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, Version IV. St. Louis, MO: Washington University School of Medicine.
6. Cloninger, C. R., Przybeck, T. R., & Svrakic, D. M. (1991). The Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire: U.S. normative data. Psychological Reports, 69, 1047-1057.
7. Cloninger, C. R., Sigvardsson, S., & Bohman, M. (1988). Childhood personality predicts alcohol abuse in young adults. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 12, 494-505.
8. Cloninger, C. R., Svrakic, D. M., & Przybeck, T. R. (1993). A psychobiological model of temperament and character. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50, 975-990.
9. Costa, P. T., Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (1985). Comparison of EPI and Psychoticism scales with measures of the five-factor model of personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 6, 587-597.
10. Costa, P. T., Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (1988). Personality in adulthood: A six-year longitudinal study of self-reports and spouse ratings on the NEO Personality Inventory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 853-863.
11. Costa, P. T., Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Four ways five factors are basic. Personality and Individual Differences, 13, 653-665.
12. Digman, J. M. (1989). Five robust trait dimensions: Development, stability, and utility. Journal of Personality, 57, 195-214.
13. Digman, J. M. (1990). Personality structure: Emergence of the five-factor model. Annual Review of Psychology, 41, 417-440.
14. Digman, J. M., & Inouye, J. (1986). Further specification of the five robust factors of personality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 116-123.
15. Eaves, L. J., Eysenck, H. J., & Martin, N. G. (1989). Genes, culture and personality: An empirical approach. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
16. Eysenck, H. J. (1981). A model for personality. New York: Springer-Verlag.
17. Eysenck, H. J. (1990). Genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences: The three major dimensions of personality. Journal of Personality, 58, 245-261.
18. Eysenck, H. J. (1991). Dimensions of personality: 16, 5, or 3? Criteria for a taxonomic paradigm. Personality and Individual Differences, 12, 773-790.
19. Eysenck, H. J. (1992). Four ways five factors are not basic. Personality and Individual Differences, 13, 667-673.
20. Eysenck, H. J., & Eysenck, S. B. G. (1964). Eysenck Personality Inventory. San Diego, CA: Educational and Industrial Testing Service.
21. Eysenck, H. J., & Eysenck, S. B. G. (1975). Manual of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. London: Hodder & Stoughton.
22. Eysenck, S. B. G., Eysenck, H. J., & Barrett, P. (1985). A revised version of the psychoticism scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 6, 21-29.
23. Falconer, D. S. (1989). Introduction to quantitative genetics (3rd ed.). New York: Wiley.
24. Fiske, D. W. (1949). Consistency of the factorial structures of personality ratings from different sources. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 44, 329-344.
25. Goldberg, L. R. (1981). Language and individual differences: The search for universals in personality lexicons. In L. Wheeler (Ed.), Review of personality and social psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 141-165). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
26. Goldberg, L. R. (1990). An alternative "description of personality": The Big-Five factor structure. Personality and Individual Differences, 59, 1216-1229.
27. Goldberg, L. R. (1992). The development of markers for the Big-Five factor structure. Psychological Assessment, 4, 26-42.
28. Gray, J. A. (1970). The psychophysiological basis of introversion-extraversion. Behavior Research and Therapy, 8, 249-266.
29. Gray, J. A. (1981). A critique of Eysenck's theory of personality. In H. J. Eysenck (Ed.), A model for personality (pp. 246-276). New York: Springer-Verlag.
30. Gray, J. A. (1983). Anxiety, personality and the brain. In A. Gale & J. A. Edwards (Eds.), Physiological correlates of human behavior. Vol. III: Individual differences and psychopathology (pp. 31-43). New York: Academic Press.
31. Gray, J. A., Leibowitz, M. R., & Gelder, M. G. (1988). Discussions arising from: Cloninger, C. R. A unified biosocial theory of personality and its role in the development of anxiety states. Psychiatric Developments, 4, 377-394.
32. Heath, A. C., Madden, P. A., Cloninger, C. R., & Martin, N. G. (in press). Genetic and environmental structure of personality. In C. R. Cloninger (Ed.), Personality and psychopathology. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
33. Heath, A. C., & Martin, N. G. (1990). Psychoticism as a dimension of personality: A multivariate genetic test of Eysenck and Eysenck's psychoticism construct. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 111-121.
34. Heath, A. C., Neale, M. C., Hewitt, J. K., Eaves, L. J., & Fulker, D. W. (1989). Testing structural equation models for twin data using LISREL. Behavior Genetics, 19, 9-36.
35. Hesselbrock, M. N., & Hesselbrock, V. M. (1992). Relationship of family history, antisocial personality disorder and personality traits in young men at risk for alcoholism. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 53, 619-625.
36. Joffe, R. T., Bagby, R. M., Levitt, A. J., Regan, J. J., & Parker, J. D. (1993). The Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire in major depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 959-960.
37. John, O. P., Angleitner, A., & Ostendorf, F. (1988). The lexical approach to personality: A historical review of trait taxonomic research. European Journal of Personality, 2, 171-203.
38. Kleifield, E. I., Sunday, S., Hurt, S., & Halmi, K. A. (1993). Psychometric validation of the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire: Application to subgroups of eating disorders. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 34, 249-253.
39. McCourt, W. F., Gurrera, R. J., & Cutter, H. S. (1993). Sensation seeking and novelty seeking. Are they the same? Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 181, 309-312.
40. Meyer, J. M., Heath, A. C., & Eaves, L. J. (1992). Using multidimensional scaling on data from pairs of relatives to explore the dimensionality of categorical multifactorial traits. Genetic Epidemiology, 9, 87-107.
41. Neale, M. C. (1993). MX: Statistical modelling software. Richmond: Medical College of Virginia.
42. Neale, M. C., & Cardon, L. R. (1992). Methodology for genetic studies of twins and families. Boston: Kluwer Academic.
43. Neale, M. C., Eaves, L. J., Kendler, K. S., & Hewitt, J. K. (1989). Bias in correlations from selected samples of relatives: The effects of soft selection. Behavior Genetics, 19, 163-169.
44. Norman, W. T. (1963). Toward an adequate taxonomy of personality attributes: Replicated factor structure in peer nomination personality ratings, Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 66, 574-583.
45. Pfohl, B., Black, D., Noyes, R., Jr., Kelley, M., & Blum, N. (1990). A test of the tridimensional personality theory: Association with diagnosis and platelet imipramine binding in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 28, 41-46.
46. Pomerleau, C. S., Pomerleau, O. F., Flessland, K. A., & Basson, S. M. (1992). Relationship of Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire scores and smoking variables in female and male smokers. Journal of Substance Abuse, 4, 143-154.
47. Prescott, C. A., Hewitt, J. K., Heath, A. C., Truett, K. R., Neale, M. C., & Eaves, L. J. (1994). Environmental and genetic influences on alcohol use in a volunteer sample of older twins. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 55, 18-33.
48. SAS. (1990). SAS statistics user's guide, Version 6 (4th ed.). Cary, NC: SAS Institute.
49. Schalling, D., & Edman, G. (1986). The Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP): An inventory for assessing temperament dimensions associated with vulnerability for psychosocial deviance. Unpublished manuscript.
50. Tellegen, A. (1982). Brief manual for the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire. Unpublished manuscript, University of Minnesota.
51. Tellegen, A. (1985). Structures of mood and personality and their relevance to assessing anxiety, with an emphasis on self-report. In A. H. Tuma & J. Maser (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders (pp. 681-706). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
52. Waller, N. G., Lilienfeld, S. O., Tellegen, A., & Lykken, D. T. (1991). The Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire: Structural validity and comparison with the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 26, 1-23.
53. Whipple, S. C., & Noble, E. P. (1991). Personality characteristics of alcoholic fathers and their sons. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 52, 331-337.