Chlamydial infection in a population of Ethiopian women attending obstetric, gynaecological and mother and child health clinics

Central African Journal of Medicine

Volumn 42, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 1-14

  Duncan, M E ^a,e   Jamil, Y ^b   Tibaux, G ^c   Pelzer, A ^c   Mehari, L ^d   Darougar, S ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE   (Belgium)

^d ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY   (Ethiopia)

^e Addis Ababa University ^*  (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBODY; BACTERIUM ANTIBODY; IMMUNOLOGIC FACTOR;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICA; AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; ARTICLE; BIOLOGY; BLOOD; CHLAMYDIA; CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS; CHLAMYDIASIS; CHLAMYDOPHILA PNEUMONIAE; CLINICAL RESEARCH; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; DISEASES; EASTERN AFRICA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ETHIOPIA; FEMALE; HEALTH CENTER; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; IMMUNITY; IMMUNOLOGY; INFECTIONS; MEASUREMENT; METHODOLOGY; MICROBIOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE; PHYSIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; REPRODUCTIVE TRACT INFECTIONS; RESEARCH REPORT; RISK FACTOR; SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE;

AFRICA; AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; ANTIBODIES; BIOLOGY; CHLAMYDIA; CLINICAL RESEARCH; DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; DISEASES; EASTERN AFRICA; ETHIOPIA; IMMUNITY; IMMUNOLOGIC FACTORS; INFECTIONS; MEASUREMENT; PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE; PHYSIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; REPRODUCTIVE TRACT INFECTIONS; RESEARCH METHODOLOGY; RESEARCH REPORT; RISK FACTORS; SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANTIBODIES, BACTERIAL; CHLAMYDIA INFECTIONS; CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS; CHLAMYDOPHILA PNEUMONIAE; ETHIOPIA; FEMALE; HUMANS; MATERNAL-CHILD HEALTH CENTERS; MIDDLE AGED; POPULATION SURVEILLANCE; PREVALENCE; SEROEPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES;

EID: 0029683849     PISSN: 00089176     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Harnish JP, Berger RE, Alexander ER, Manda G, Holmes KK. Aetiology of acute epididymitis. Lancet 1977;i:819-21.
2. Mardh P-A, Ripa KT, Svensson L, Westrom L. Chlamydia trachomatis infection infection in patients with acute salpingitis. N Engl J Med 1977;1377-9.
3. Darougar S, Forsey T. Osoba A O, Dines RJ, Adelusi B, Coker GO. Chlamydial genital infection in Ibadan, Nigeria. Br J Vener Dis 1982;58:366-9.
4. Forsey T. Darougar S, Dines RJ, Wright DJM, Friedmann PS. Chlamydial genital infection in Addis Ababa. Br J Vener Dis 1982;58:370-3.
5. Cerulli L, Cedrone C, Culasso F, Martelli M, Tria M. Epidemiologicl study on trachoma in two regions of Ethiopia. Int Track Pathol Ocul Trop Subtrop 1981; 147-55.
6. Duncan ME, Tibaux G, Pelzer A, Reimann K, Peutherer JF, Simmonds P, et al. First coitus before menarche and risk of sexually transmitted disease. Lancer, 1990;335: 338-40.
7. Plorde DS. Sexually transmitted diseases in Ethiopia. Br J Vener Dis 1981;57:357-62.
8. Treharne J D, Darougar S, Jones B R. Modification of the micro-immuno fluorescence test to provide a routine sero diagnostic test for chlamydial infection. J Clin Pathol 1977;30:510-7.
9. Finger E. Gonorrhoea. New York: William Wood and Co. 1884:278.
10. Harrison LW. 1920. A manual of veneral diseases for students. London: Henry Frowle and Hodder and Stoughton Ltd, 1920.
11. Luys G. A textbook on gonorrhoea and its complications. London: Baillière, Tindal and Cox, 1913:263.
12. Duncan ME, Reimann K, Tibaux G, Pelzer A, Mehari L, Lind I. Seroepidemiological study of gonorrhoea in Ethiopia women. 1. Prevalence and clinical significance. Genitourin Med 1991; 67:485-92.
13. Young H, Henrichsen C, Robertson DHH. Treponema pallidum haemagglutination test as a screening procedure for the diagnosis of syphilis. Br J Vener Dis, 1974;50:341-6.
14. Peutherer J F, Mackay P, Ross R, Stahl S, Murray K. Use of hepatitis B antigen produced in Escherichia coli in an assay for anti-HBc. Med Lab Sci 1981;38:355-8.
15. Forsey T, Darougar S. Indirect micro-fluorescence test for detective type-specific antibodies to Herpes simplex virus. J Clin Pathol 1980;33:171-6.
16. Reimann K, Odum L, Larsen SO, Lind I. Indirect haemagglutination test using gonococcal pilus antigen: how useful to diagnose gonorrhoea? Genitourin Med 1987; 63:250-5.
17. Museyi K, Van Dyck E, Vervoot T, Taylor D, Hoge C, Piot P. Use of an enzyme immunoassay to detect serum IgG antibodies to Haemophilus ducreyi. J Infect Dis 1988; 157(5):1039-43.
18. VanDyck E, Piot P. Performance of a modified enzyme immunoassay for the detection of serum antibody to Haemophilus ducreyi. International Society for Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research, 8th meeting, Denmark: Copenhagen 1989.
19. Perine PL, Duncan ME, Krause DW, Awoke S, Zaidi AA. Pelvic infammatory disease and puerperal sepsis in Ethiopia. I. Etiology. Am J Obstet Gynaecol 1980;138:1059-63.
20. Duncan ME, Perine PL, Krause DW, Awoke S, Zaidi AA. Pelvic infammatory disease and pu- eperal sepsis in Ethiopia II: Treatment. Am J Obstet Gynaecol 1980;138:1059-63.
21. Vetter KM, Barnes RC, Oberle MW, Rosero-Bixby L, Schachter J. Seroepidemiology of chlamydiain Costa Rica. Genitourin Med 1990;66:182-8.
22. Treharne JD, Ripa KT, Mardh PA, Svensson L, Westrom L, Darougar S. Antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis in acute salpingitis. Br J Vener Dis 1979;55:26-9.
23. Mason PR, Gwanzura L, Latif AS, Marowa E. Genital infections in women attending a genitourinary clinic in Harare, Zimbabwe. Genitourin Med 1990;66:178-81.
24. Barnes RC, Roddy RE, Stamm WE. Serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis causing repeated genital infection. In: Chlamydial infections. D Oriel, G Ridway, J Schachter, D Taylor-Robinson, M Ward, editors. Cambridge: University Press, 1986;503-6.
25. Duncan ME, Reimann K, Tibaux G, Pelzer A, Mehari L, Lind A. Seroepidemiological study of gonorrhoea in Ethiopian women. 2. Socioeconomic picture. Genitourin Med 1991;67:493-7.
26. Duncan ME, Mehari L, Tibaux G, Pelzer A. Social aspects of obstetrics and gynaecology. In: The Ecology of Health and Disease in Ethiopia. H Kloos, Zein Ahmed Zein, editors. Chapter 21. Boulder, San Francisco: Westview Press 1993:307-18.
27. Duncan ME, Jamil Y, Tibaux G, Pelzer A, Mehari L, Darougar S. Seroepidemiological and sociological studies of genital chlamydial infection in Ethiopian women. Genitourin Med 1992;68:221-7.
28. Martin DH, Pastorek JG, Faro S. Risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a high risk population of pregnant women. In: Chlamydial infections. D Oriel, G Ridway, J Schachter, D Taylor-Robinson, M Ward, editors. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1986:503- 6.
29. Christoferson WM, Parker JE. Relation of cervical cancer to early marriage and childbearing. New Engl Med 1965;273:235-9.
30. Barron BA, Richart RM. An epidemiologic study of cervical neoplastic disease. Cancer 1971;27:978-86.
31. Duncan ME. The significance of early coitus in the aetiology of cervical cancer. Proceedings of the 10th Meeting of the International Working Party for the early diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma of the cervix in developing countries, 17-23 rd September 1989.Nairobi, Kenya. (World Health Organization, in press).
32. Barron SL. Sexual activity in girls under 16 years of age. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1986;93:787-93.
33. Omer E-FE, Forsey T, Darougar S, Ali MH, El-Naeem HA. Seroepidemiological survey of chlamydial genital infections in Khartoum, Sudan. Genitourin Med 1985;61:261-3.
34. Ismail SO, Ahmed HJA, Jama MA, Orner K, Omer FM, Brundin M, et al. Syphilis, gonorrhoea and genital chlamydial infection in a Somali village. Genitourin Med 1990;66:70-5.
35. Thelin I, Wennstrom AM, Mardh PA. Contact tracing in patients with genital chlamydial infection. Br J Vener Dis 1980;56:259-62.
36. Ghadirian DF, Robson HG. Chlamydial trachomatis genital infections. Br J Vener Dis 1979;55:415-8.
37. McConnarck WM, Alpert S, McComb DE, Nicholas RL, Semine DZ, Zinner SH. Fifteen month follow up study of women infected with Chlamydia trachomatis. N Engl J Med 1979;300:123-5.
38. Willcox RR. Importance of "feedback" in gonorrhoea control. Br J Vener Dis 1965;41:287-91.
39. Verhagen AR, Gemert W. Social and epidemiological determinants of gonorrhoea in an East African country. Br J Vener Dis 1972;48:277-86.
40. Hare MJ, Thin rn. Chlamydial infection of the lower genital tract of women. Br Med Bull 1983; 39:138-44.
41. Martin DH, Pastorek JG, Faro S. Risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a high risk population of pregnant women. In: Chlamydial infections. D Oriel, G Ridgway, J Schachter, D Taylor-Robinson, M Ward, editors. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986:503-6.
42. Collier LH, Khalaf S. Mutual enhancement of Herpes simplex, and chlamydial infections of the female guinea pig genitital trac. In: Chlamydial infections. D Oriel, G Ridgway, J Schachter, D Taylor-Robinson, M Ward, editors. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1986:388-91.
43. Mardh PA. An overview of infectious agents of salpingitis. their biology, and recent advances in methods of detection. Am J Obstet Gynaecol 1980;138(7)Part 2:933-51.
44. Landers DV, Sweet RL, Schachter J. The efficacy of combination therapy for the erradication of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. In: Chlamydial infections. D Oriel, G Ridgway, J Schachter, D Taylor-Robinson, M Ward, editors. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1986:532-5.
45. Westrom L, Mardh PA. Chlamydial salpingitis. Br Med Bull 1983;39:145-50.
46. Ballard RC, Fehler HG, Piot P. Chlamydial infections of the eye and genital tract in developing countries. In: Chlamydial infections. D Oriel G Ridgway, J Schachter, D Taylor-Robinson, M Ward, editors. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1986:479-86.