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see also Table 1, CLN2Δ376-514, and (12)
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F Cross, Mol. Cell. Biol. 8, 4675 (1988), R Nash. G Tokiwa, S Anand, K Erickson, A B. Futcher, EMBO J. 7, 4335 (1988); J. A Hadwiger, C Wittenberg, M A de Barros Lopes, H E Richardson, S. I Reed, Proc Natl. Acad. Sci U S A. 86, 6255 (1989), see also Table 1, CLN2Δ376-514, and (12).
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13344277621
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note
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396 mutated to Ala is indicated by S396A.
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M. Goebl et al, Science 241, 1331 (1988)
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A Amon, M. Tyers, B. Futcher, K. Nasmyth, Cell 74, 993 (1993), D. Stuart and C. Wittenberg, Genes Dev 9, 2780 (1995).
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13344269277
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note
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Final concentrations of phosphatase inhibitors were 10 mM sodium pyrophosphate, 5 mM EDTA, 5 mM EGTA, and 0.1 mM orthovanadate
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28
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13344278280
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note
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Tagging of CLN2 was done by appending to the 3′ end of the CLN2 open reading frame a DNA fragment encoding three copies of the HA epitope (20); D. Stuart, unpublished results]. The vanous tagged CLN2 constructs were created by replacing wildtype CLN2 3′ ends with the HA-tagged form or by replacing wild-type HA-tagged CLN2 sequences with fragments containing the mutated site or sites
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29
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0024295392
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35S label (ICN) [C. Wittenberg and S. I. Reed, Cell 54, 1061 (1988)], and immunoprecipitations were done essentially as described [M. Hochstrasser and A. Varshavsky, ibid 61, 697 (1990)] with affinity-punfied polyclonal antiserum to Cln2.
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(1988)
Cell
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Wittenberg, C.1
Reed, S.I.2
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30
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0025331090
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35S label (ICN) [C. Wittenberg and S. I. Reed, Cell 54, 1061 (1988)], and immunoprecipitations were done essentially as described [M. Hochstrasser and A. Varshavsky, ibid 61, 697 (1990)] with affinity-punfied polyclonal antiserum to Cln2.
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(1990)
Cell
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Hochstrasser, M.1
Varshavsky, A.2
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0026099833
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32P]orthophosphate (1 mCi/ml), diluted with 4 volumes, and incubated for 1 to 2 hours. Sedimented cells were washed once with ice-cold water, and cell lysis and immunoprecipitation were done as described (20) with the following modifications Lysis buffer contained protease inhibitors [0 4 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) and 1 μg/ml each of leupeptin, pepstatin A, and aprotinin] and a phosphatase inhibitor mixture (21) instead of NaF and EDTA. Before immunoprecipitation with monoclonal antibodies to HA, we denatured proteins by adjusting the extract to 1% SDS and 15 mM dithiothreitol and boiling for 2 min. After centrifugation (15 min at 15,000g), extracts were diluted with 9 volumes of immunoprecipitation (IP) buffer (50 mM trisHCl, pH 7 5, 1% Triton X-100, and 250 mM NaCI, plus protease and phosphatase inhibitors as above) Immune complexes on protein A-Sepharose beads were washed three times with IP buffer, incubated for 30 min on ice in IP buffer containing 200 μg/ml of ribonuclease A, washed once with TBS (100 mM tris-HCl, pH 7 5, and 0 9% NaCl), and boiled in 2x sample buffer.
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Wilson, I.A.1
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13344294681
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note
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Immune complex protein kinase assays were done essentially as described (13). Immune complexes were prepared as described (20) with the following modifications. Lysis buffer contained protease inhibitors (0.4 mM PMSF and 1 μg/ml each of leupeptin, pepsiatin A, and aprotinin) and a phosphatase inhibitor mixture (21) instead of NaF and EDTA For in vitro phosphorylation of Cln2, histone H1 and unlabeled adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were omitted from the assay
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37
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13344261003
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note
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Cell size distributions were analyzed with a Coulter Counter Channelyzer. Mean cell size was determined with a Microsoft Excel-based computer program (S Lanker and C Wittenberg, unpublished results).
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39
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13344268572
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note
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4T3S, thus creating the same deletion within the cyclin box as in Cln2Δxs (9).
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40
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13344284245
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note
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3 construct, M Guaderrama for expert technical assistance, L. Hengst, C. McGowan, P. Russell, and D. Stuart for helpful discussions and critical reading of the manuscript, and S Reed for his encouragement at a critical juncture. Supported by U.S. Public Health Services grant GM43487 to C W. S.L acknowledges Swiss National Science Foundation and Human Frontier Science Program fellowships. M.H.V. was supported by the Fundación Ramón Areces, Madrid, Spain
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