Potential of ethyl acetate in the determination of extractable organic halogens (EOX) from contaminated soil, sediment, and sewage sludge

Chemosphere

Volumn 32, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 815-826

  Reemtsma, T ^a   Jekel, M ^a  

^a TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN   (Germany)

Author keywords

EOM; EOX; PCB; Sediment; Sewage farm; Sewage sludge; Soil

Indexed keywords

ACETIC ACID ETHYL ESTER; HEXANE; ORGANOHALOGEN DERIVATIVE; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL; TOLUENE;

ARTICLE; EXTRACTION; SEDIMENT; SLUDGE; SOIL POLLUTION; WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT; WATER POLLUTION;

EXTRACTION; PCB; PESTICIDE; SEWAGE SLUDGE;

EID: 0029669061     PISSN: 00456535     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0045-6535(95)00369-X     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Asplund G., Grimvall A. and Jonsson S. (1994) Determination of the total and leachable amounts of organohalogens in soil. Chemosphere 28, 1467-1475.
2. Beck A.J., Johnston A.E. and Jones K.C. (1993) Movement of nonionic organic chemicals in agricultural soils. Critic. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol. 23, 219-248.
3. DIN 38414 T17 (1989) Determination of the organically bound halogens amenable to stripping and extraction. In: Fachgruppe Wasserchemie in der GDCh (ed.), German standard methods for the analysis of water, waste water and sludge. Beuth Verlag, Berlin.
4. Drescher-Kaden U., Brüggemann R., Matthies M. and Matthes B. (1990) Organische Stoffe in Klärschlamm: Vorkommen, Bedeutung und Vorschriften. Ecomed, 314p.
5. Ernst W. (1988) Bewertung schwer abbauharer Belastungsstoffe im Ästuarbereich. gwf, Wasser-Abwasser 129, 212-215.
6. Friege H. (1986) Summarische Bestimmung halogenorganischer Verbindungen in belasteten Böden. Gewässerschutz, Wasser, Abwasser 88, 68-83.
7. Gether J., Lunde G. and Steinnes E. (1979) Determination of the total amount of organically bound chlorine, bromine and iodine in environmental samples by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Anal. Chim. Acta 108, 137-147.
8. Kawai S., Fukushima M., Kitano M. and Morishita H. (1985) Degradation of organophosphoric acid triesters by bacteria in the river water of Osaka City. In: Annu. Rep. Osaka City Inst. Public Health Environ Sci. pp. 175-183.
9. Lieu V.T. and Woo V.H. (1990) Determination of extractable organic halides in soils and oily wastes by pyrolysis/microcoulometric titration. In: Friedman D. (ed.), Waste Testing and Quality Assurance, ASTM STP 1062. Am. Soc. Testing Mater., Philadelphia, pp. 298-306.
10. Martin J.T. and Takahashi Y. (1988) Total, extractable, and teachable organic halides in soil and sediments. In: Lichtenberg J.J., Winter J.A., Weber C.I. and Fradkin L. (eds.), Chemical and biological characterization of Sludges, Sediments, Dredge Spoils, and Drilling Muds. ASTM STP 976. Am. Soc. Testing Mater., Philadelphia, pp. 176-183.
11. Martinsen K., Kringstad A. and Carlberg G.E. (1988) Methods for the determination of sum parameters and characterization of organochlorine compounds in spent bleach liquors from pulp mills and water, sediment and biological samples from receiving water. Wat. Sci. Technol. 20, 13-24.
12. Martinsen K., Kvernheim A. L. and Carlberg G.E. (1994) Distribution of organohalogen in sediments outside pulp mills using sum parameters. Sci. Total Environ. 144, 47-57.
13. Morton M. and Pollak J.K. (1987) Determination by combustion of the total organochlorine content of tissues, soil, water, waste streams and oil sludges. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 38, 109-116.
14. Müller G. and W. Schmitz (1985) Halogenorganische Verbindungen in aquatischen Sedimenten: anthropogen und biogen. Chem. Z. 109, 415-417.
15. Nolte C., Gunkel G. and Jekel M. (1993) Kongenerspezifische PCB- Analyse von Sedimentproben und Migrations-Phänomene. In: Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Limnologie 1993, pp. 64-68.
16. Riggin R.M., Lucas S.V., Lathouse J., Jungclaus G.A. and Wensky A.K. (1984) Development and evaluation of methods for total organic halide and purgeable organic halide in wastewater. US EPA 600/4-84-008.
17. Senesi N. (1993) Organic pollutant migration in soils as affected by soil organic matter. Molecular and mechanistic aspects. In: Petruzzelli D. and Helfferich F.G. (eds.), Migration and Fate of Pollutants in Soils and Sediments. NATO ASI Series G32. Springer, Berlin, pp. 47-74.
18. Steinwandter H. (1994) A new micro method for the extraction of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) from sewage sludge. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 347, 436-440.
19. Wegman R.C.C. and Greve P.A. (1977) The microcoulometric determination of extractable organic halogen in surface water: application to surface waters of the Netherlands. Sci. Total Environ. 7, 235-245.