Development of a marine protected area: Mafia Island, Tanzania

Ambio

Volumn 25, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 50-57

  Horrill, J Christopher ^a,b,c,e   Darwall, William R T ^a,d,e   Ngoile, Magnus ^c,f  

^a IUCN Tanga Coast Conserv Devmt P ^*

^b UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF DAR ES SALAAM   (Tanzania)

^d UNIVERSITY OF UTAH   (United States)

^e Soc for Environmental Exploration   (United Kingdom)

^f UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COASTAL CONSERVATION; COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT; MANAGEMENT APPROACH; MANAGEMENT PLAN; MANAGEMENT STRATEGY; MARINE ENVIRONMENT; MARINE PARKS; MARINE PROTECTED AREA; MULTI-USER ONCEPT; PROTECTED AREA;

TANZANIA, MAFIA ISLAND;

EID: 0029667859     PISSN: 00447447     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Salvat, B. 1978. Trouble in paradise part 1: Assault on coral reefs and lagoons. Parks 3, 1-4.
2. UNEP/IUCN. 1988. Coral Reefs of the World. Volume 2: Indian Ocean, Red Sea and Gulf. UNEP Regional Seas Directories and Bibliographies. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK/UNEP, Nairobi, Kenya.
3. UNESCO. 1986. Human induced damage to coral reefs: Results of a regional UNESCO (COMAR) workshop held in Jakarta, Indonesia, May 1985. Brown, B.E. (ed.). UNESCO Reports in Marine Science No. 40.
4. Burbridge, P.R. 1988. Coastal and marine resource management in the strait of Malacca. Ambio 17, 170-177.
5. Gomez, E.D. 1988. Overview of environmental problems in the East Asian Seas region. Ambio 17, 166-169.
6. McManus, J.W. 1988. Coral reefs of the ASEAN region: Status and management. Ambio 17, 189-193.
7. UNEP, 1990. State of the marine environment in the Eastern Africa region. UNEP. Regional Seas Reports and Studies No. 113.
8. Bryceson, I. 1981. A review of some problems of tropical marine conservation with particular reference to the Tanzanian coast. Biol. Conserv. 20, 163-171.
9. UNEP, 1989. Coastal and marine environmental problems of the United Republic of Tanzania. UNEP Regional Seas Reports and Studies No. 106.
10. Census Statistics 1988. Government Records. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
11. Ngoile, M.A.K. 1990. Marine pollution in Tanzania: Sources, dispersion and effects. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on the Ecology and Bioproductivity of the Marine Coastal Waters of Eastern Africa. Mainoya. J.R. (ed.). Report of the Faculty of Science, UDSM, Tanzania, p. 133-143.
12. Subramania, S. 1981. Prawn Fisheries of Tanzania. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Dares Salaam, Tanzania.
13. Bryceson, I. 1978. Tanzanian coral reefs at risk. New Scientist 80, 115.
14. Salm, R. V. 1983. Coral reefs of the Western Indian Ocean: a threatened heritage. Ambio 12, 349-353.
15. Kudoja, W.M. 1985. The Tanzanian coral reefs at risk. Proc. 5th Int. Coral Reef Congress, Tahiti 2, 209.
16. Horrill, J.C. 1992a. Status and issues of the marine resources of the Fumba peninsular. Zanzibar Environmental Study Series No. 11. Commission of Lands and Environment, Zanzibar.
17. Alcala, A.C. and Gomez, E.D. 1987. Dynamiting coral reefs for fish: A resource-destructive fishing method. In: Human Impacts on Coral Reefs: Facts and Recommendations. Salvat, B. (ed.). Antenne Museum E.P.H.E. French Polynesia, p. 51-60.
18. Horrill, J.C. 1992b. To formulate a practical management strategy for the conservation of Mafia's coral reefs. In: Proc. Workshop. on Biodiversity in Africa. Nat. Mus. Kenya.
19. Musyoki, B.M. 1992. Marine parks and reserves for Kenya. In: The Proposed Mafia Island Marine Park Tanzania, Part II: Proceedings of the Planning Workshop Mafia Island October 20-24,1991. Report of the Ministry of Tourism. Natural Resources and Environment, pp. 74-79.
20. Ogden, J.C. and Gladfelter, E.H. 1974. (eds). Coral reefs, seagrass beds and mangroves: their interaction in the coastal waters of the Carribean. UNESCO Rep. Mar. Sci. No. 23. UNESCO Montevideo, 133 pp.
21. Odum, H.T. and Odum, E.P. 1955. Trophic structure and productivity of a windward coral reef community in Einwetok Atoll. Ecol. Monogr. 25, 1-291.
22. Lundin, C.G. and Lindén, O. 1993. Coastal ecosystems: Attempts to manage a threatened resource. Ambio 22, 468-473.
23. Kenchington, R.A. 1990. Managing Marine Environments. Taylor and Francis, New York Inc.
24. Ngoile, M.A.K. (ed.). 1989. The Development of a Marine National Park, Mafia Island, Tanzania. University of Dar es Salaam, Institute of Marine Sciences, Zanzibar.
25. Salm, R.V. and Clarke, J.R. 1984. Marine and Coastal Protected Areas: A Guide for Planners and Managers. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
26. UNESCO. 1987. Coral Reef Managment Handbook, 2nd. ed. Kenchington, R.A. and Hudson, B.E.T. (eds). UNESCO ROSTEA, Jakarta.
27. Talbot, F.H. 1965. A description of the coral structure of Tutia Reef (Tanganyika Territory, East Africa) and its fish fauna. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 145, 431-470.
28. Ray, G.C. 1968. Marine Parks for Tanzania. Washington Conservation Foundation.
29. GBRMPA, 1978. Workshop on reef fish assessment and monitoring. GBRMPA. Workshop Series No.2.
30. Richmond, M. and Gaudian, G. 1990. Frontier Tanzania Mafia Island Marine Survey: Interim Report Number 1. The Society for Environmental Exploration, London.
31. Dahl, A. 1982. A Coral Reef Monitoring Handbook. Noumea, South Pacific Commision.
32. Horrill, J.C. and Ngoile, M.A.K. 1991. Mafia Island Report Number 2: Results of the Physical, Biological and Resource Use Surveys: Rationale for the Development of a Management Strategy. The Society for Environmental Exploration, London.
33. Field support for this study was provided by the Frontier-Tanzania Marine Research Programme, a joint initiative of the Faculty of Science, University of Dar es Salaam and the Society for Environmental Exploration, UK. The authors would like to acknowledge the considerable efforts of all the personnel involved in the organisation and running of the program, not least the volunteers and their sponsors without whose input this work would not have been possible.
34. First submitted 3 January 1994. Accepted for publication after revision 27 June, 1995.