A p6(Pol)-protease fusion protein is present in mature particles of human immunodeficiency virus type 1

Journal of Virology

Volumn 70, Issue 10, 1996, Pages 7228-7232

  Almog, Nava ^a   Roller, Ruth ^a   Arad, Gila ^a   Passi Even, Lea ^a   Wainberg, Mark A ^b   Kotler, Moshe ^a  

^a HEBREW UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

^b MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PROTEINASE; VIRUS FUSION PROTEIN; GAG PROTEIN;

ARTICLE; FRAMESHIFT MUTATION; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION; VIRUS REPLICATION; VIRUS TRANSCRIPTION; AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; HUMAN; METABOLISM; MOLECULAR GENETICS; VIRION;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; FUSION PROTEINS, GAG-POL; HIV-1; HUMANS; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; VIRAL FUSION PROTEINS; VIRION;

EID: 0029665574     PISSN: 0022538X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.70.10.7228-7232.1996     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Arad, G., R. Bar-Meir, N. Almog, M. Chorev, A. Shtorch, and M. Kotler. 1995. Avian sarcoma leukemia virus protease linked to the adjacent Gag polyprotein is enzymatically active. Virology 214:439-444.
2. Baboonian, C., A. Dalgeish, L. Bountiff, J. Gross, S. Oroszlan, G. Rickett, C. Smith-Burchnell, P. Troke, and J. Merson. 1991. HIV-1 proteinase is required for synthesis of pro-viral DNA. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 179:17-24.
3. Boulerice, F., S. Bour, R. Geleziunas, A. Lvorich, and M. A. Wainberg. 1990. High frequency of isolation of defective human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and heterogeneity of viral gene expression in clones of infected U-937 cells. J. Virol. 64:1745-1755.
4. Burstein, H., D. Bizub, M. Kotler, G. Schatz, V. M. Vogt, and A. M. Skalka. 1992. Processing of avian retroviral gag polyprotein precursors is blocked by a mutation at the NC-PR cleavage site. J. Virol. 66:1781-1785.
5. Copeland, T. D., and S. Oroszlan. 1988. Genetic locus, primary structure, and chemical synthesis of human immuno-deficiency virus protease. Gene Anal. Tech. 5:109-115.
6. Debouck, C., J. G. Gormic, J. E. Strickler, T. D. Meek, B. W. Metcalf, and M. Rosenberg. 1987. Human immuno-deficiency virus protease expressed in Escherichia coli exhibits autoprocessing and specific maturation of the Gag precursor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:8903-8904.
7. Gelderblom, H. R. 1991. Assembly and morphology of HIV: potential effect of structure on viral function. AIDS 5:617-638.
8. Gottlinger, H. G., T. Dorfman, J. G. Sodroski, and W. A. Haseltine. 1991. Effect of mutations affecting the p6 gag protein on human immunodeficiency virus particle release. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:3195-3199.
9. Graves, M. C., J. J. Lim, E. P. Heimer, and R. A. Kramer. 1988. An 11-kDa form of human immunodeficiency virus protease expressed in Escherichia coli is sufficient for enzymatic activity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:2449-2453.
10. Henderson, L. E., M. A. Bowers, R. C. Sowder II, S. A. Serabyn, D. G. Johnson, J. W. Bess, Jr., L. O. Arthur, D. K. Bryant, and C. Fenselau. 1992. Gag proteins of the highly replicative MN strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: posttranslational modifications, proteolytic processings, and complete amino acid sequences. J. Virol. 66:1856-1865.
11. Hruskova-Heidingsfeldova, O., M. Andreansky, M. Fafry, I. Blaha, P. Strop, and E. Hunter. 1995. Cloning, bacterial expression, and characterization of the Mason-Pfizer monkey virus proteinase. J. Biol. Chem. 270:15008.
12. Jacks, T., M. D. Power, F. R. Masiarz, P. A. Luciw, P. J. Barr, and H. E. Varmus. 1988. Characterization of ribosomal frameshifting in HIV-1 gag-pol expression. Nature (London) 331:280-283.
13. Katoh, H., Y. Yoshinaka, A. Rein, M. Shibuya, T. Okada, and S. Oroszlan. 1985. Murine leukemia virus maturation: protease region is required for conversion from "immature" to "mature" core form and for virus infectivity. Virology 145:280-292.
14. Kohl, N. E., E. A. Emini, W. A. Schleif, L. J. Davis, J. C. Heimbach, R. A. F. Dixon, E. M. Scolnick, and I. S. Sigal. 1988. Active human immunodeficiency virus protease is required for viral infectivity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:4686-4690.
15. Kotler, M., G. Arad, and S. H. Hughes. 1992. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gag-protease fusion proteins are enzymatically active. J. Virol. 66:6781-6783.
16. Kotler, M., W. Danho, R. A. Katz, J. Leis, and A. M. Skalka. 1989. Avian retroviral protease and cellular aspartic proteases are distinguished by activities on peptide substrates. J. Biol. Chem. 264:3428-3435.
17. Krausslich, H. G., and E. Wimmer. 1988. Viral proteinases. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 57:701-754.
18. Landschultz, W. H., P. F. Johnson, and S. L. McKnight. 1989. The DNA binding domain of the rat liver nuclear protein C/EBP is bipartite. Science 243:1681-1688.
19. Lindhofer, H., H. Nitschko, G. Wachinger, and K. von der Helm. 1993. Human-immunodeficiency-virus (HIV) proteinase in HIV-infected cell culture: dual intracellular effect in the absence or presence of inhibitor, p. 219-224. In J. S. Bond and A. J. Barret (ed.), Proteolysis and protein turnover. Portland Press, Seattle, Wash.
20. Loeb, D. D., C. A. Hutchison III, M. H. Edgell, W. G. Farmerie, and R. Swanstrom. 1989. Mutational analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease suggests functional homology with aspartic proteinases. J. Virol. 63:111-121.
21. Nagy, K., M. Young, C. Baboonian, J. Merson, P. Whittle, and S. Oroszlan. 1994. Antiviral activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitors in a single cycle of infection: evidence for a role of protease in the early phase. J. Virol. 68:757-765.
22. Oroszlan, S., and R. B. Luftig. 1990. Retroviral proteinases. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 157:153-185.
23. Partin, K., G. Zybarth, L. Ehrlich, M. DeCrombrugghe, and E. Wimmer. 1991. Deletion of sequences upstream of the proteinase improves the proteolytic processing of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:4776-4780.
24. Phylip, L. H., J. S. Mills, B. F. Parten, B. M. Dunn, and J. Kay. 1992. Intrinsic activity of precursor forms of HIV-1 proteinase. FEBS Lett. 314: 449-454.
25. Precigoux, G., S. Geoffre, R. Leonard, S. Llido, A. Dautant, B. Langlois d'Estaintot, P. Picard, A. Menard, B. Guilleman, and M. Hospital. 1993. Modelling, synthesis and biological activity of BLV proteinase, made of (only) 116 amino acids. FEBS Lett. 326:237-240.
26. Ratner, L., W. Haseltine, R. Patarca, K. J. Livak, B. Starcich, S. F. Joseph, E. R. Doran, J. A. Rafalski, K. B. Whitehorn, L. Ivanoff, S. R. Petteway, Jr., M. L. Pearson, J. A. Lautenberg, T. S. Papas, J. Ghrayeb, N. T. Chang, R. C. Gallo, and F. Wong-Staal. 1985. Complete sequence of the AIDS virus, HTLV-III. Nature (London) 313:277-284.
27. Roberts, M. M., T. D. Copeland, and S. Oroszlan. 1991. In situ processing of a retroviral nucleocapsid protein by the viral proteinase. Protein Eng. 4:695-700.
28. Studier, F. W., A. H. Rosenberg, J. J. John, and J. W. Bubendorff. 1990. Use of T7 RNA polymerase to direct expression of cloned genes. Methods Enzymol. 185:60-89.
29. Tomasselli, A. G., W. J. Howe, T. K. Sawyer, A. Wlodawer, and R. L. Heinrikson. 1991. The complexities of AIDS: an assessment of the HIV protease as a therapeutic target. Chem. Today 9:6-27.
30. von der Helm, K. 1977. Cleavage of Rous sarcoma viral polypeptide precursor into internal structure proteins in vitro involves viral protein p15. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74:911-915.
31. Zybarth, G., and C. Carter. 1995. Domains upstream of the protease (PR) in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag-Pol influence PR autoprocessing. J. Virol. 69:3878-3884.
32. Zybarth, G., H.-G. Kräusslich, K. Partin, and C. Carter. 1994. Proteolytic activity of novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteinase proteins from a precursor with a blocking mutation at the N terminus of the PR domain. J. Virol. 68:240-250.