Ecological risks to fossorial vertebrates from volatile organic compounds in soil

Risk Analysis

Volumn 16, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 211-219

  Carlsen, Tina M ^a  

^a LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

Ecological risk assessment; fossorial vertebrates; inhalation; trichloroethylene

Indexed keywords

TRICHLOROETHYLENE; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND;

ARTICLE; DATA ANALYSIS; ECOSYSTEM; FOSSIL; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; RISK MANAGEMENT; SOIL POLLUTION; VERTEBRATE;

CONTAMINATION; ECOLOGY; ESTIMATION; IMPURITIES; SOILS; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS;

CONTAMINANT EXPOSURES; FOSSORIAL VERTEBRATES; INHALATION; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; TROPHIC LEVELS;

RISK ASSESSMENT;

BURROWING; ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT; INHALATION; ORGANIC COMPOUND; RISK ASSESSMENT; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; VERTEBRATE;

EID: 0029662464     PISSN: 02724332     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1996.tb01451.x     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. G. W. Suter II and J. M. Loar, "Weighing the Ecological Risks of Hazardous waste sites: The Oak Ridge Case," Environ Sci. Technology 26(3), 432-438 (1992).
2. C. C. Travis and J. M. Morris, "The Emergence of Ecological Risk Assessment," Risk Analysis 12(2), 167-168 (1992).
3. R E. Hegner, "Does Protecting for Human Health Protect Ecological Health?" Risk Analysis 14(1), 3-4 (1994).
4. D. E. Burmaster, C A. Menzie, J. S. Freshman, J. A. Burris, N. I. Maxwell, and S. R. Drew. "Assessment of Methods for Estimating Aquatic Hazard at Superfund-Type Sites: A Cautionary Tale," Env Toxicol. and Chem. 10, 827-842 (1991).
5. C. L. Fordham and D. P. Reagan, "Pathways Analysis Method for Estimating Water and Sediment Criteria at Hazardous Water Sites," Env. Toxicol. and Chem 10, 949-960 (1991).
6. C. A. Menzie, D. E. Burmaster, J. S. Freshman, and C. A. Callahan, "Assessment of Methods for Estimating Ecological Risk in the Terrestrial Component: A Case Study at the Baird and McGuire Superfund Site in Holbrook, Massachusetts," Env. Toxicol. and Chem. 11, 245-260 (1992).
7. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund Volume II Environmental Evaluation Manual, EPA 540 1-89 001 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington, D.C., 1989).
8. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Framework for Ecological Risk Assessment, EPA/630/R-92/001 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1992).
9. California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC), Draft Guidance for Ecological Risk Assessment at Hazardous Waste Sites and Permitted Facilities (State of California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Toxic Substances Control, Office of Scientific Affairs, Human and Ecological Risk Section, Sacramento, CA, 1994).
10. F. Moriarity, Ecotoxicology The Study of Pollutants in Ecosystems. (Academic Press, New York, 1983).
11. L. Barnthouse, L. Burns, C. Ingersoll, and G. Pascoe (eds.), Annual Review Issue Env. Toxicol and Chem. 13(12), 1929-2058 (1994).
12. T. M. Carlsen, "Ecological Assessment," in C. P. Webster-Scholten (ed.), Final Site-Wide Remedial Investigation Report Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Site 300 (Chap. 6, Sect 6.2), UCAR-AR-108131. (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, 1994).
13. H. F. Heady, "Valley Grassland," in M. G. Barbour and J. Major (eds.), Terrestrial Vegetation of California (California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, CA, 1988), pp. 491-514.
14. J. R. Griffin, "Oak Woodland," in M. G. Barbour and J. Major (eds.), Terrestrial Vegetation of California, (California Native Plant Society, Sacramento. CA, 1988), pp. 383-416.
15. H. A. Mooney, "Southern Coastal Scrub," in M. G. Barbour and J Major (eds.), Terrestrial Vegetation of California (California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, CA, 1988), pp. 471-490.
16. U.S. Department of Energy, Final Environmental Impact Statement, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratories - Livermore Sites, Livermore, California, DOE/EIS-0028 (U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C., 1992).
17. C. J. Driver, M. W. Ligotke, P. Van Voris, B. D. McVeety, B. J. Greenspan, and D. B. Drown, "Routes of Uptake and Their Relative Contribution to the Toxicological Response of Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) to an Organophosphate Pesticide, Env. Toxicol. and Chem 10, 21-33 (1991).
18. G. A. Caviness, R. A. Ferry, and M. J. Taffet, "Contaminant Fate and Transport," in C P. Webster-Scholten (ed.), Final Site-Wide Remedial Investigation Report Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Site 300 (Chap. 5), UCAR-AR-108131. (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, 1994).
19. D. Mackay and P. J. Leinonen, "Rate of Evaporation of Low-Solubility Contaminants from Water-Bodies to Atmosphere," Env. Sci. and Technology 9, 1178-1180 (1975).
20. S. T. Hwang, J. W. Falco, and C. H. Nauman, Development of Advisory Levels for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Cleanup, PB86-232774 (Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Exposure Assessment Group, U.S. EPA, Washington, D C., 1986).
21. D. B. Turner, Workbook of Atmospheric Dispersion Estimates, TD-18/Office of Air Programs Publication No. Ap-26, Office of Air Programs (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 1982) (revised 1970).
22. L. R. Anspaugh, J. H. Shinn, P. L. Phelps, and N. C. Kennedy, "Resuspension and Redistribution of Plutonium in Soils," Health Phys. 29 (1975).
23. G. A. Caviness, R. A. Ferry, and M. J. Taffet, "Contaminant Fate and Transport," in C. P. Webster-Scholten (ed.) Final Site-Wide Remedial Investigation Report Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Site 300 (Chap. 5), UCAR-AR-108131 (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 1994), pp. 5-13.
24. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Regulatory Guide I.109 Calculation of Annual Doses to Man from Routine Releases of Reactor Effluents for the Purposes of Evaluating Compliance with 10 CFR Pan 50, Appendix I (U S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Standards Development, 1977).
25. C. C. Travis and A. D. Arms, "Bioconcentration of Organics in Beef, Milk and Vegetation," Env. Sci. and Technol. 22, 271-274 (1988).
26. G. G. Briggs, R. H. Bromilow, and A. A. Evans, "Relationships Between Lipophilicity and Root Uptake and Translocation of Non-ionised Chemicals by Barley," Pestic. Sci. 13, 495-504 (1982).
27. H. S. Fitch, "Ecology of the California Ground Squirrel on Grazing Lands," American Midl. Nat. 39, 513-596 (1948).
28. F. S. Dobson, "An Experimental Study of Dispersal in the California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)," MS thesis, University of California, Santa Barbara (1978), 75 pp.
29. F. J. Schitoskey, "Energy Requirements and Diet of the California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)," PhD dissertation, University of California, Davis (1973).
30. R. T. Golightly, Jr. and R. D. Ohmart, "Water Economy of Two Desert Canids: Coyote and Kit Fox," J. Mammal. 65, 51-58 (1984).
31. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB), in P. L. Altman and D. S. Dittman (eds.), Biological Data Books (2nd Ed., Vol. 3) (Library of Congress No. 72-87738, Bethesda, MD, 1974).
32. N. Beyer, E. Conner, and S. Gerould, Survey of Soil Ingestion by Wildlife (U.S. EPA, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the U.S. Geological Survey, March 12, 1991).
33. S. H. Morrel, "Life History of the San Joaquin Kit Fox," Cal. Fish and Game 58, 162-174 (1972).
34. T. P. O'Farrell, San Joaquin Kit Fox Recovery Plan (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, OR, 1983), 84 pp.
35. H. J. Egoscue, "Ecology and Life History of the Kit Fox in Toole County, Utah," Ecology 43, 481-497 (1962).
36. J P. Weigan, "Notes on Nebraska Fauna, " Nebraskaland 43, 58-59 (1965).
37. W. W. Mautz and J. Fair, "Energy Expenditure and Heart Rate for Activities of White-Tailed Deer," Journal of Wildlife Management 44, 333-342 (1980).
38. A. W. Alldredge, J. F. Lipscomb, and F. W. Whicker, "Forage Intake Rates of Mule Deer Estimated with Fallout Cesium-137," Journal of Wildlife Management 38, 508-516 (1974).
39. A. E. Anderson, D. E. Medin, and D. C. Bowden, "Growth and Morphometery of the Carcass, Selected Bones, Organs and Glands of Mule Deer," Wildlife Monographs 39 (1974).
40. J. E. Hazan and P. R. Krauseman, "Measuring Water Consumption of Desert Mule Deer," Journal of Wildlife Management 52, 528-534 (1988).
41. W J. Arthur, III and A. W. Alldredge, "Soil Ingestion by Mule Deer in Northcentral Colorado," Journal of Range Management 32(1), 67-71 (1979).
42. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB), in P. L. Altman and D. S. Dittman (eds.), Biological Data Books (2nd Ed., Vol. 3) (Library of Congress No. 72-87738, Bethesda, MD, 1974).
43. M. E. Goldberg, H. E. Johnson, U. C. Pozzani, and H. F. Smyth, Jr., "Behavioural Response of Rats During Inhalation of Trichlo-roethylene and Carbon Disulfide Vapours," Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. 21, 36-44 (1964)
44. J. A. Prendergast, R A. Jones, L. J. Jenkins, Jr., and J. Siegel, "Effects on Experimental Animals of Long-Term Inhalation of Trichloroethylene, Carbon Tetrachloride, 1,1,1-Trichlorethane, Dichlorodifluoromethane, and 1,1-Dichloroethylene," Toxicol. Applied Pharmacology 10, 270-289 (1967).
45. U. Glaser, D. Hochrainer, F. J. Otto, and H. Oldiges, "Carcinogenicity and Toxicity of Four Cadmium Compounds Inhaled by Rats," Toxicol. Environ. Chem. 27, 153-162 (1990).
46. V. M. Sanders, A. N. Tucker, K. L. White, Jr. B. M. Kauffman, P. Hallet, R. A. Carchman, J. F. Borzelleca, and A. E. Munson, "Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immune Status in Mice Exposed to Trichloroethylene and Toluene," British Journal of Ind. Med. 34, 56-63 (1982).
47. J. H. Wills, G. E. Groblewski, and F. Coulston, "Chronic and Multigeneration Toxicities of Small Concentrations of Cadmium in the Diet of Rats," Ecotox. and Env. Safety 5, 452-464 (1981).
48. C. A. Way and G. C. Schroder, "Accumulation of Lead and Cadmium in Wild Populations of the Commensal Rat, Rattus norvegicus," Archives of Environ. Contam. Toxicology 11, 407-417 (1982).
49. E, Pankakoski, H. Hyvarinen, M. Jalkanen, and I. Koivisto, "Accumulation of Heavy Metals in the Mole in Finland," Environmental Pollution 80, 6-16 (1993).
50. T. E. McKone, "Human Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds in Household Tap Water: The Indoor Inhalation Pathway," Environ. Sci. Technology 21, 1194-1201 (1987).
51. J. C. Little, "Applying the Two-Resistance Theory to Contaminant Volatilization in Showers," Environ. Sci. Technology 26(7), 1341-1349 (1992).
52. B. J Mallon, Transport and Environmental Chemistry of Selected C1 and C2 Chlorinated Compounds and Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soils and Ground Water, UCRL-53952 (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livemore, California, 1989).
53. A. T. Hall, D. H. Taylor, and P. E. Woods, "Effects of Municipal Sludge on Locomotor Activity and Exploratory Behavior of Meadow Voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus, " Env. Tox. and Chem. 9, 31-36 (1990)
54. E. E. Little, "Behavioral Toxicology: Stimulating Challenges for a Growing Discipline," Env. Toxicol. and Chem 9, 1-2 (1990).
55. D. J Schaeffer and E. W. Novak, "Integrating Epidemiology and Epizootiology Information in Ecotoxicology Studies. III. Ecosystem Health," Ecotox and Environmental Safety 16, 232-241 (1988).