Development of a risk-hedging CO2-emission policy, Part II: Risks associated with measures to limit emissions, synthesis, and conclusions

Climatic Change

Volumn 34, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 41-71

  Harvey, L D Danny ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR POLLUTION; CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBON EMISSIONS; CLIMATE CHANGE; EMISSION; GLOBAL STRATEGY; GREENHOUSE GAS; HEDGING; POLICY MAKING; POLLUTION POLICY; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK HEDGING;

EID: 0029660607     PISSN: 01650009     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF00139253     Document Type: Review

References (38)

1. Alliance to Save Energy: 1991, American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, Natural Resources Defense Council, Union of Concerned Scientists: 1991, America's Energy Choices: Investing in a Strong Economy and a Clean Environment, Union of Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, 124 pp.
2. Bach, W. and Jain, A. K.: 1991, The Global Warming Challenge, Center for Applied Climatology and Environmental Studies, University of Munster, Munster, Report 55, 60 pp.
3. Barbett, J.: 1995, The Fractured Metropolis: Improving the New City, Restoring the Old City, Reshaping the Region, Harper Collins, New York, 250 pp.
4. Barker, T.: 1995, 'Taxing Pollution Instead of Employment: Greenhouse Gas Abatement Through Fiscal Policy in the UK', Energy and Env. 6, 1-28.
5. 2 Emission Reduction Achieved by Energy Conservation', Energy Policy 21, 656-667.
6. Bodlund, B., Mills, E., Karlsson, T., and Johansson, T. B.: 1989, 'The Challenge of Choices: Technology Options for the Swedish Electricity Sector', in Johansson, T. B., Bodlund, B., and Williams, R. H. (eds.), Electricity: Efficient End Use and New Generation Technologies, and their Planning Implications, Lund University Press, Lund, pp. 883-947.
7. Bongaarts, J.: 1990, 'The Measurement of Unwanted Fertility', Popul. Dev. Rev. 16, 487-506.
8. Bongaarts, J.: 1994, 'Population Policy Options in the Developing World', Science 263, 771-776.
9. Brookes, L. G.: 1992, 'Energy Efficiency and Economic Fallacies: A Reply', Energy Policy 20, 390-392.
10. Brown, S., Lugo, A. E., and Iverson, L. R.: 1992, 'Processes and Lands for Sequestering Carbon in the Tropical Forest Landscape', Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 64, 139-155.
11. Canadian Urban Institute: 1991, Housing Intensification: Policies, Constraints, and Options, 56 pp. Available for $12 from Canadian Urban Institute, City Hall, Toronto, Canada M5H 2N2.
12. Cavallo, A. J., Hock, S. M., and Smith, D. R.: 1993, 'Wind Energy: Technology and Economies', in Johansson, T. B., Kelly, H., Reddy, A. K. N., and Williams, R. H. (eds.), Renewable Energy: Sources for Fuels and Electricity, Island Press, Washington, pp. 121-156.
13. Chameides, W. L., Kasibhatla, P. S., Yienger, J., and Levy II, H.: 1994, 'Growth of Continental-Scale Metro-Agro-Plexes, Regional Ozone Pollution, and World Food Production', Science 264, 74-77.
14. Cline, W.: 1992, The Economics of Global Warming, Institute for International Economics, Washington, 399 pp.
15. Croxton, R. and Childs, K.: 1992, 'Innovative Commercial Office Building Retrofits Improve Energy Efficiency', CADDET Newsletter (International Energy Agency) 3, 4-6.
16. DeCanio, S. J.: 1993, 'Barriers Within Firms to Energy-Efficient Investments', Energy Policy 21, 906-914.
17. Duarne, A. and Plater-Zyberg, E.: 1990, Towns and Town-Making Principles, Harvard Graduate School of Design, Cambridge, 119 pp.
18. 2 Emissions 1975-2075, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE-NBB-0081, 95 pp.
19. Electric Power Research Institute: 1990, Efficient Energy Use: Estimates of Maximum Energy Savings, EPRICU-6746, Palo Alto.
20. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency): 1990, Preliminary Technology Cost Estimates of Measures Available to Reduce U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions by 2010, Washington, PM-221.
21. Geller, H. S., Goldemberg, J., Moreira, J. R., Hukai, R., Scarpinella, C., and Ysohizawa, M.: 1988, 'Electricity conservation in Brazil: Potential and Progress', Energy 13, 469-483.
22. Geller, H. S., Harris, J., Ledbetter, M. R., Levine, M. D., Mills, E., Mowris, R., and Rosenfeld, A. H.: 1989, 'The Importance of Government-Supported Research and Development in Advancing Energy Efficiency in the United States', in Johansson, T. B., Bodlund, B., and Williams, R. H. (eds.), Electricity: Efficient End-Use and New Generation Technologies, and Their Planning Implications, Lund University Press, Lund, pp. 503-553.
23. Goldemberg, J., Johansson, T. B., Reddy, A. K. N., and Williams, R. H.: 1988, Energy for a Sustainable World, Wiley Eastern, New Delhi, 517 pp.
24. Green, C.: 1992, 'Economics and the "Greenhouse Effect"', Clim. Change 22,265-291.
25. Grubb, M. J., Victor, D. G., and Hope, C. W: 1991a, 'Pragmatics in the Greenhouse', Nature 354, 348-350.
26. Grubb, M. J., Brackley, P., Ledic, M., Mathur, A., Rayner, S., Russell, J., and Tanabe, A.: 1991b, Energy Policies and the Greenhouse Effect, Vol. II, Country Studies and Technical Options, Royal Institute of International Affairs, Dartmouth (UK), 450 pp.
27. Grubb, M.: 1992a, 'Energy Efficiency and Economic Fallacies', Energy Policy 18, 783-785.
28. Grubb, M.: 1992b, 'Energy Efficiency and Economic Fallacies: A Reply', Energy Policy 20, 392-393.
29. 2 Emissions: A Survey and Analysis', Annu. Rev. Energy Environ. 18, 397-478.
30. Grubb, M., Chapuis, T., and Duong, M. H.: 1995, 'The Economics of Changing Course: Implications of Adaptability and Inertia for Optimal Climate Policy', Energy Policy 23, 417-432.
31. Hall, D. O., Mynick, H. E., and Williams, R. H.: 1991, 'Alternative Roles for Biomass in Coping with Greenhouse Warming', Science and Global Security 2, 113-151.
32. Halsnaes, K., Mackenzie, G. A., Christensen, J. M., Swisher, J. N., and Villavicencio, A.: 1994, UNEP Greenhouse Gas Abatement Costing Studies, Phase Two, Part 1: Main Report, UNEP Collaborating Centre on Energy and Environment, Roskilde (Denmark), 128 pp.
33. 2', Clim. Change 15, 343-381.
34. Harvey, L. D. D.: 1992, 'Implementation of Mitigation at the Local Level: The Role of Municipalities', in Majumdar, S. K., Kalkstein, L. S., Yarnal, B., Miller, E. W., and Rosenfeld, L. M. (eds.), Global Climate Change: Implications, Challenges and Mitigation Measures, Pennsylvania Academy of Science, Easton, PA, pp. 423-438.
35. Harvely, L. D. D.: 1993a, 'A Guide to Global Warming Potentials (GWPs)', Energy Policy 21, 24-34.
36. 2 Emissions in Toronto', Environment 35, 16-20, 38-44.
37. 2 Emission Reduction" by A. S. Manne and R. Richels', Clim. Change 28, 405-410.
38. 2 Emission Reduction', Clim. Change 29, 53-89.