Evaluation of extracellular, high-affinity β-N- acetylglucosaminidase measurements from freshwater lakes: An enzyme assay to estimate protistan grazing on bacteria and picocyanobacteria

Microbial Ecology

Volumn 32, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 81-99

  Vrba, J ^a   Simek K ^a   Pernthaler, J ^b   Psenner, R ^b  

^a INSTITUTE OF HYDROBIOLOGY   (Czech Republic)

^b UNIVERSITY OF INNSBRUCK   (Austria)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGAE; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); BODO SALTANS; MASTIGOPHORA (FLAGELLATES); PROKARYOTA; PROTISTA;

Β-N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINIDASE; BACTERIA; CYANOBACTERIA; ENZYME ASSAY; GRAZING; PROTOZOA;

EID: 0029659769     PISSN: 00953628     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/PL00006644     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Azam F, Fenchel T, Field JG, Gray JS, Meyer-Reil LA, Thingstad F (1983) The ecological role of water-column microbes in the sea. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 10:257-263
2. Berninger UG, Finlay BJ, Kuuppo-Leinikki P (1991) Protozoan control of bacterial abundances in fresh water. Limnol Oceanogr 36:139-147
3. Bertocchi C, Navarini L, Cesaro A, Anastasio M (1990) Polysaccharides from cyanobacteria. Carbohydr Polym 12:127-153
4. Burns CW, Stockner JG (1991) Picoplankton in six New Zealand lakes: abundance in relation to season and trophic state. Int Rev ges Hydrobiol 76:523-536
5. During K (1993) Can lysozymes mediate antibacterial resistance in plants? Plant Mol Biol 23:209-214
6. González JM, Sherr BF, Sherr EB (1993) Digestive enzyme activity as a quantitative measure of protistan grazing: the acid lysozyme assay for bacterivory. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 100:197-206
7. Holz GG Jr (1973) The nutrition of Tetrahymena: Essential nutrients, feeding, and digestion. In: Elliot AM (ed) Biology of Tetrahymena. Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross, Inc., Stroudsburg, pp 89-98
8. Hoppe HG (1983) Significance of exoenzymatic activities in the ecology of brackish water: measurements by means of methylumbelliferyl substrates. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 11:299-308
9. Jumars PA, Penry DL, Baross JA, Perry MJ, Pros BW (1989) Closing the microbial loop: dissolved carbon pathway to heterotrophic bacteria from incomplete ingestion, digestion, and adsorbtion in animals. Deep-Sea Res 36:483-495
10. Landry MR (1994) Complementary methods and controls for measuring the grazing impact of planktonic protist. Mar Microb Food Webs 8:37-57
11. Nedoma J, Vrba J, Hejzlar J, Šimek K, Straškrabová V (1994) N-acetylglucosamine dynamics in freshwater environments: concentration of amino sugars, extracellular enzyme activities, and microbial uptake. Limnol Oceanogr 39:1088-1100
12. Norland S (1993) The relationship between biomass and volume of bacteria. In: Kemp PF, Sherr BF, Sherr EB, Cole JJ (eds) Handbook of methods in aquatic microbial ecology. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, pp 303-308
13. Pechlaner R (1979) Response of the eutrophied Piburger See to reduced external loading and removal of monimolimnetic water. Arch Hydrobiol Beih Ergebn Limnol 13:293-305
14. Pernthaler J, Šimek K, Sattler B, Schwarzenbacher A, Bobková J, Psenner R (1996) Short-term changes of protozoan control on autotrophic picoplankton in an oligo-mesotrophic lake. J Plankton Res 18:443-462
15. Pomeroy LR, Wiebe WJ (1988) Energetics of microbial food webs. Hydrobiologia 159:7-18
16. Porter KG, Feig YS (1980) The use of DAPI for identifying and counting aquatic microflora. Limnol Oceanogr 25:943-948
17. Porter KG, Sherr EB, Sherr BF, Pace ML, Sanders RW (1985) Protozoa in planktonic food webs. J Protozool 32:409-415
18. Psenner R (1993) Determination of size and morphology of aquatic bacteria by automated image analysis. In: Kemp PF, Sherr BF, Sherr EB, Cole JJ (eds) Handbook of methods in aquatic microbial ecology. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, pp 339-345
19. Radek R, Hausmann K (1994) Endocytosis, digestion, and defecation in flagellates. Acta Protozoologica 33:127-147
20. Sakai K, Narihara M, Kasama Y, Wakayama M, Moriguchi M (1994) Purification and characterization of thermostable β-N-acetylhexosaminidase of Bacillus stearothermophilus CH-4 isolated from chitin-containing compost. Appl Environ Microbiol 60:2911-2915
21. Sherr EB, Sherr BF (1988) Role of microbes in pelagic food webs: a revised concept. Limnol Oceanogr 33:1225-1227
22. Sherr EB, Sherr BF (1993) Protistan grazing rates via uptake of fluorescently-labeled prey. In: Kemp PF, Sherr BF, Sherr EB, Cole JJ (eds) Handbook of methods in aquatic microbial ecology. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, pp 695-701
23. Sherr EB, Sherr BF, Berman T, Hadas O (1991) High abundance of picoplankton-ingesting ciliates during late fall in Lake Kinneret, Israel. J Plankton Res 13:789-799
24. Šimek K, Straškrabová V (1992) Bacterioplankton production and protozoan bacterivory in a mesotrophic reservoir. J Plankton Res 14:773-787
25. Šimek K, Vrba J, Lavrentyev P (1994) Estimates of protozoan bacterivory: from microscopy to ectoenzyme assay? Mar Microb Food Webs 8:71-85
26. Šimek K, Bobková J, Macek M, Nedoma J, Psenner R (1995) Ciliate grazing on picoplankton in a eutrophic reservoir during the summer phytoplankton maximum: a study at the species and community level. Limnol Oceanogr 40:1077-1090
27. Šimek K, Macek M, Straškrabová V, Pernthaler J, Psenner R (1996) Can pelagic ciliates survive on a diet of picoplankton? J Plankton Res 18:(in press)
28. Sommaruga R, Psenner R (1993) Nanociliates of the order Prostomatida: their relevance in the microbial food web of a mesotrophic lake. Aquat Sci 55:179-187
29. Stockner JG (1988) Phototrophic picoplankton: an overview from marine and freshwater ecosystems. Limnol Oceanogr 33:765-775
30. Stockner JG (1991) Autotrophic picoplankton in freshwater ecosystems: the view from the summit. Int Rev ges Hydrobiol 76:483-492
31. Stockner JG, Antia NJ (1986) Algal picoplankton from manne and freshwater ecosystems: a multidisciplinary perspective. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 43:2472-2503
32. Vrba J, Macháček J (1994) Release of dissolved extracellular β-N-acetylglucosaminidase during crustacean moulting. Limnol Oceanogr 39:712-716
33. Vrba J, Šimek K, Nedoma J, Hartman P (1993) 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-N-acetylglucosaminide hydrolysis by a high-affinity enzyme, a putative marker of protozoan bacterivory. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:3091-3101
34. Weisse T (1993) Dynamics of autotrophic picoplankton in marine and freshwater ecosystems. Adv Microb Ecol 13:327-370
35. Weisse T, Kenter U (1991) Ecological characteristics of autotrophic picoplankton in a prealpine lake. Int Rev ges Hydrobiol 76:493-504
36. Yang Y, Hamaguchi K (1980) Hydrolysis of 4-methylumbelliferyl-N-acetylchitotrioside catalyzed by hen and turkey lysozymes. J Biochem 87:1003-1014