메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 50, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 2000-2013

Severe inbreeding depression and rapid fitness rebound in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana (satyridae)

Author keywords

Bottleneck; fitness rebound; genetic load; inbreeding depression; Lepidoptera

Indexed keywords

BICYCLUS ANYNANA; HEXAPODA; INSECTA; LEPIDOPTERA; NYMPHALIDAE; PAPILIONOIDEA; SATYRIDAE;

EID: 0029659226     PISSN: 00143820     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1996.tb03587.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (132)

References (77)
  • 1
    • 0026419950 scopus 로고
    • Effects of a change in the level of inbreeding on the genetic load
    • BARRETT, S. C. H., AND D. CHARLESWORTH. 1991. Effects of a change in the level of inbreeding on the genetic load. Nature 352:522-524.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.352 , pp. 522-524
    • Barrett, S.C.H.1    Charlesworth, D.2
  • 2
    • 1542729960 scopus 로고
    • The evaluation of new methods for the improvement of quantitative characteristics
    • BELL, A. E., C. H. MOORE, AND D. C. WARREN. 1955. The evaluation of new methods for the improvement of quantitative characteristics. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 20:197-211.
    • (1955) Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. , vol.20 , pp. 197-211
    • Bell, A.E.1    Moore, C.H.2    Warren, D.C.3
  • 3
    • 84974065324 scopus 로고
    • Inbreeding depression and heterosis of litter size in mice
    • BOWMAN, J. C., AND D. S. FALCONER. 1960. Inbreeding depression and heterosis of litter size in mice. Genet. Res. Camb. 1:262-274.
    • (1960) Genet. Res. Camb. , vol.1 , pp. 262-274
    • Bowman, J.C.1    Falconer, D.S.2
  • 4
    • 0002210334 scopus 로고
    • Raised adult lifespan and female fecundity in tropical fruit-feeding Bicyclus butterflies
    • BRAKEFIELD, P. M., AND F. KESBEKE. 1995. Raised adult lifespan and female fecundity in tropical fruit-feeding Bicyclus butterflies. Proc. Sect. Exp. Appl. Entomol. Neth. Entomol. Soc. 6: 93-98.
    • (1995) Proc. Sect. Exp. Appl. Entomol. Neth. Entomol. Soc. , vol.6 , pp. 93-98
    • Brakefield, P.M.1    Kesbeke, F.2
  • 5
    • 0026273934 scopus 로고
    • Phenotypic plasticity, seasonal climate and the population biology of Bicyclus butterflies (Satyridae) in Malawi
    • BRAKEFIELD, P. M., AND N. REITSMA. 1991. Phenotypic plasticity, seasonal climate and the population biology of Bicyclus butterflies (Satyridae) in Malawi. Ecol. Entomol. 16:291-303.
    • (1991) Ecol. Entomol. , vol.16 , pp. 291-303
    • Brakefield, P.M.1    Reitsma, N.2
  • 6
    • 0028585325 scopus 로고
    • Guidelines in conservation genetics and the use of population cage experiments with butterflies to investigate the effects of genetic drift and inbreeding
    • V. Loeschcke, J. Tomiuk, and S. K. Jain, eds. Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, Switzerland
    • BRAKEFIELD, P. M., AND I. J. SACCHERI. 1994. Guidelines in conservation genetics and the use of population cage experiments with butterflies to investigate the effects of genetic drift and inbreeding. Pp. 165-179 in V. Loeschcke, J. Tomiuk, and S. K. Jain, eds. Conservation genetics. Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, Switzerland.
    • (1994) Conservation Genetics , pp. 165-179
    • Brakefield, P.M.1    Saccheri, I.J.2
  • 7
    • 0000282084 scopus 로고
    • The effect of an experimental bottleneck upon quantitative genetic variation in the housefly
    • BRYANT, E. H., S. A. MCCOMMAS, AND L. M. COMBS. 1986. The effect of an experimental bottleneck upon quantitative genetic variation in the housefly. Genetics 114:1191-1211.
    • (1986) Genetics , vol.114 , pp. 1191-1211
    • Bryant, E.H.1    Mccommas, S.A.2    Combs, L.M.3
  • 8
    • 0025607684 scopus 로고
    • Fitness rebound in serially bottlenecked populations of the house fly
    • BRYANT, E. H., L. M. MEFFERT, AND S. A. MCCOMMAS. 1990. Fitness rebound in serially bottlenecked populations of the house fly. Am. Nat. 136:542-549.
    • (1990) Am. Nat. , vol.136 , pp. 542-549
    • Bryant, E.H.1    Meffert, L.M.2    Mccommas, S.A.3
  • 9
    • 0023468755 scopus 로고
    • Inbreeding depression and its evolutionary consequences
    • CHARLESWORTH, D., AND B. CHARLESWORTH. 1987. Inbreeding depression and its evolutionary consequences. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 18:237-268.
    • (1987) Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. , vol.18 , pp. 237-268
    • Charlesworth, D.1    Charlesworth, B.2
  • 10
    • 0027130739 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of inbreeding and outbreeding in hermaphroditic Arianta arbustorum (L.) (land snail)
    • CHEN, X. 1993. Comparison of inbreeding and outbreeding in hermaphroditic Arianta arbustorum (L.) (land snail). Heredity 71: 456-461.
    • (1993) Heredity , vol.71 , pp. 456-461
    • Chen, X.1
  • 12
    • 0001358085 scopus 로고
    • Effects of inbreeding by selfing and full-sib mating in a maize population
    • CORNELIUS, P. L., AND J. W. DUDLEY. 1974. Effects of inbreeding by selfing and full-sib mating in a maize population. Crop Sci. 14:815-819.
    • (1974) Crop Sci. , vol.14 , pp. 815-819
    • Cornelius, P.L.1    Dudley, J.W.2
  • 13
    • 0002253960 scopus 로고
    • Dominance and overdominance
    • J. W. Gowen, ed. Iowa State College Press, Ames
    • CROW, J. F. 1952. Dominance and overdominance. Pp. 282-297 in J. W. Gowen, ed. Heterosis. Iowa State College Press, Ames.
    • (1952) Heterosis , pp. 282-297
    • Crow, J.F.1
  • 14
    • 0002995790 scopus 로고
    • Mutation, mean fitness, and genetic load
    • _. 1993. Mutation, mean fitness, and genetic load. Oxf. Surv. Evol. Biol. 9:3-42.
    • (1993) Oxf. Surv. Evol. Biol. , vol.9 , pp. 3-42
  • 16
    • 0344575654 scopus 로고
    • A first survey of inbreeding effects in Heliconius erato phyllis (Lepidoptera; Nymphalidae)
    • DI MARE, R. A., AND A. M. ARAÚJO. 1986. A first survey of inbreeding effects in Heliconius erato phyllis (Lepidoptera; Nymphalidae). Rev. Brasil. Genet. 9:11-20.
    • (1986) Rev. Brasil. Genet. , vol.9 , pp. 11-20
    • Di Mare, R.A.1    Araújo, A.M.2
  • 17
    • 0005326965 scopus 로고
    • Genetics of natural populations. XXXIV. Adaptive norm, genetic load and genetic elite in Drosophila pseudoobscura
    • DOBZHANSKY, T., AND B. SPASSKY. 1963. Genetics of natural populations. XXXIV. Adaptive norm, genetic load and genetic elite in Drosophila pseudoobscura. Genetics 48:1467-1485.
    • (1963) Genetics , vol.48 , pp. 1467-1485
    • Dobzhansky, T.1    Spassky, B.2
  • 18
    • 0345437739 scopus 로고
    • Genetics of natural populations. XXXII. Inbreeding and the mutational and balanced genetic loads in natural populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura
    • DOBZHANSKY, T., B. SPASSKY, AND T. TIDWELL. 1963. Genetics of natural populations. XXXII. Inbreeding and the mutational and balanced genetic loads in natural populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura. Genetics 48:361-373.
    • (1963) Genetics , vol.48 , pp. 361-373
    • Dobzhansky, T.1    Spassky, B.2    Tidwell, T.3
  • 19
    • 0015070495 scopus 로고
    • Improvement of litter size in a strain of mice at a selection limit
    • FALCONER, D. S. 1971. Improvement of litter size in a strain of mice at a selection limit. Genet. Res. Camb. 17:215-235.
    • (1971) Genet. Res. Camb. , vol.17 , pp. 215-235
    • Falconer, D.S.1
  • 20
    • 0003995062 scopus 로고
    • Longman Scientific & Technical, Burnt Mill, Harlow, UK
    • _. 1989. Introduction to quantitative genetics. 3d ed. Longman Scientific & Technical, Burnt Mill, Harlow, UK.
    • (1989) Introduction to Quantitative Genetics. 3d Ed.
  • 21
    • 0028812384 scopus 로고
    • The effect of inbreeding on the redistribution of genetic variance of fecundity and viability in Tribolium castaneum
    • FERNÁNDEZ, A., M. A. TORO, AND C. LÓPEZ-FANJUL. 1995. The effect of inbreeding on the redistribution of genetic variance of fecundity and viability in Tribolium castaneum. Heredity 75: 376-381.
    • (1995) Heredity , vol.75 , pp. 376-381
    • Fernández, A.1    Toro, M.A.2    López-Fanjul, C.3
  • 23
    • 0001655407 scopus 로고
    • Effects on heterozygosity and reproductive fitness of inbreeding with and without selection in Drosophila melanogaster
    • FRANKHAM, R., G. J. SMITH, AND D. A. BRISCOE. 1993. Effects on heterozygosity and reproductive fitness of inbreeding with and without selection in Drosophila melanogaster. Theor. Appl. Genet. 86:1023-1027.
    • (1993) Theor. Appl. Genet. , vol.86 , pp. 1023-1027
    • Frankham, R.1    Smith, G.J.2    Briscoe, D.A.3
  • 24
    • 0017459421 scopus 로고
    • The distribution of the proportion of the genome which is homozygous by descent in inbred individuals
    • FRANKLIN, I. R. 1977. The distribution of the proportion of the genome which is homozygous by descent in inbred individuals. Theor. Popul. Biol. 11:60-80.
    • (1977) Theor. Popul. Biol. , vol.11 , pp. 60-80
    • Franklin, I.R.1
  • 25
    • 0028251003 scopus 로고
    • The genetics of viability in Drosophila melanogaster. Effects of inbreeding and artificial selection
    • GARCÍA, N., C. LÓPEZ-FANJUL, AND A. GARCÍA-DORADO. 1994. The genetics of viability in Drosophila melanogaster. Effects of inbreeding and artificial selection. Evolution 48:1277-1285.
    • (1994) Evolution , vol.48 , pp. 1277-1285
    • García, N.1    López-Fanjul, C.2    García-Dorado, A.3
  • 26
    • 0000149737 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the effect of lethal and detrimental chromosomes from Drosophila populations
    • GREENBERG, R., AND J. F. CROW. 1960. A comparison of the effect of lethal and detrimental chromosomes from Drosophila populations. Genetics 45:1153-1168.
    • (1960) Genetics , vol.45 , pp. 1153-1168
    • Greenberg, R.1    Crow, J.F.2
  • 27
    • 0028340786 scopus 로고
    • Inbreeding, genetic load and morphometric variation in natural populations of Dryas iulia (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)
    • HAAG, K. L., AND A. M. ARAÚJO. 1994. Inbreeding, genetic load and morphometric variation in natural populations of Dryas iulia (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Rev. Brasil. Genet. 17:35-39.
    • (1994) Rev. Brasil. Genet. , vol.17 , pp. 35-39
    • Haag, K.L.1    Araújo, A.M.2
  • 28
    • 0028972164 scopus 로고
    • Multiple equilibria in metapopulation dynamics
    • HANSKI, I., J. POYRY, T. PAKKALA, AND M. KUUSSAARI. 1995. Multiple equilibria in metapopulation dynamics. Nature 377:618-621.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.377 , pp. 618-621
    • Hanski, I.1    Poyry, J.2    Pakkala, T.3    Kuussaari, M.4
  • 29
    • 0028519058 scopus 로고
    • Purging inbreeding depression and the probability of extinction: Full-sib mating
    • HEDRICK, P. W. 1994. Purging inbreeding depression and the probability of extinction: Full-sib mating. Heredity 73:363-372.
    • (1994) Heredity , vol.73 , pp. 363-372
    • Hedrick, P.W.1
  • 30
    • 0027143440 scopus 로고
    • Variation in genetic identity within kinships
    • HILL, W. G. 1993. Variation in genetic identity within kinships. Heredity 71:652-653.
    • (1993) Heredity , vol.71 , pp. 652-653
    • Hill, W.G.1
  • 31
    • 0027133430 scopus 로고
    • Elephant seal genetic variation and the use of simulation models to investigate historical population bottlenecks
    • HOELZEL, A. R., J. HALLEY, S. J. O'BRIEN, C. CAMPAGNA, T. ARNBOM, B. LE BOEUF, K. RALLS, AND G. A. DOVER. 1993. Elephant seal genetic variation and the use of simulation models to investigate historical population bottlenecks. J. Hered. 84:443-449.
    • (1993) J. Hered. , vol.84 , pp. 443-449
    • Hoelzel, A.R.1    Halley, J.2    O'Brien, S.J.3    Campagna, C.4    Arnbom, T.5    Le Boeuf, B.6    Ralls, K.7    Dover, G.A.8
  • 32
    • 0008668208 scopus 로고
    • The effects of inbreeding on rate of development and on fertility in Drosophila subobscura
    • HOLLINGSWORTH, M. J., AND J. MAYNARD SMITH. 1955. The effects of inbreeding on rate of development and on fertility in Drosophila subobscura. J. Genet. 53:295-314.
    • (1955) J. Genet. , vol.53 , pp. 295-314
    • Hollingsworth, M.J.1    Maynard Smith, J.2
  • 34
    • 0028163708 scopus 로고
    • An experimental study of inbreeding depression in a natural habitat
    • JIMÉNEZ, J. A., K. A. HUGHES, G. ALAKS, L. GRAHAM, AND R. C. LACY. 1994. An experimental study of inbreeding depression in a natural habitat. Science 266:271-273.
    • (1994) Science , vol.266 , pp. 271-273
    • Jiménez, J.A.1    Hughes, K.A.2    Alaks, G.3    Graham, L.4    Lacy, R.C.5
  • 35
    • 0014088657 scopus 로고
    • The genetic architecture of body weight and egg hatchability in Drosophila melanogaster
    • KEARSEY, M. J., AND K. KOJIMA. 1967. The genetic architecture of body weight and egg hatchability in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 56:23-37.
    • (1967) Genetics , vol.56 , pp. 23-37
    • Kearsey, M.J.1    Kojima, K.2
  • 36
    • 0027939283 scopus 로고
    • Selection against inbred song sparrows during a natural population bottleneck
    • KELLER, L. F., P. ARCESE, J. N. M. SMITH, W. M. HOCHACHKA, AND S. C. STEARNS. 1994. Selection against inbred song sparrows during a natural population bottleneck. Nature 372:356-357.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.372 , pp. 356-357
    • Keller, L.F.1    Arcese, P.2    Smith, J.N.M.3    Hochachka, W.M.4    Stearns, S.C.5
  • 37
    • 0013914723 scopus 로고
    • The effects of inbreeding on body weight and abdominal chaeta number in Drosophila melanogaster
    • KIDWELL, J. F., AND M. M. KIDWELL. 1966. The effects of inbreeding on body weight and abdominal chaeta number in Drosophila melanogaster. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 8:207-215.
    • (1966) Can. J. Genet. Cytol. , vol.8 , pp. 207-215
    • Kidwell, J.F.1    Kidwell, M.M.2
  • 38
    • 33644956987 scopus 로고
    • The mutation load in small populations
    • KIMURA, M., T. MARUYAMA, AND J. F. CROW. 1963. The mutation load in small populations. Genetics 48:1303-1312.
    • (1963) Genetics , vol.48 , pp. 1303-1312
    • Kimura, M.1    Maruyama, T.2    Crow, J.F.3
  • 39
    • 0027878341 scopus 로고
    • Vortex: A computer simulation model for population viability analysis
    • LACY, R. C. 1993. Vortex: a computer simulation model for population viability analysis. Wildl. Res. 20:45-65.
    • (1993) Wildl. Res. , vol.20 , pp. 45-65
    • Lacy, R.C.1
  • 40
    • 0024164592 scopus 로고
    • Genetics and demography in biological conservation
    • LANDE, R. 1988. Genetics and demography in biological conservation. Science 241:1455-1460.
    • (1988) Science , vol.241 , pp. 1455-1460
    • Lande, R.1
  • 41
    • 0028984813 scopus 로고
    • Mutation and conservation
    • _. 1995. Mutation and conservation. Conserv. Biol. 9:782-791.
    • (1995) Conserv. Biol. , vol.9 , pp. 782-791
  • 42
    • 0001850177 scopus 로고
    • Effective population size, genetic variation, and their use in population management
    • M. E. Soulé, ed. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge
    • LANDE, R., AND G. F. BARROWCLOUGH. 1987. Effective population size, genetic variation, and their use in population management. Pp. 87-123 in M. E. Soulé, ed. Viable populations for conservation. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.
    • (1987) Viable Populations for Conservation , pp. 87-123
    • Lande, R.1    Barrowclough, G.F.2
  • 43
    • 84974186380 scopus 로고
    • The effects of inbreeding and artificial selection on reproductive fitness
    • LATTER, B. D. H., AND A. ROBERTSON. 1962. The effects of inbreeding and artificial selection on reproductive fitness. Genet. Res. Camb. 3:110-138.
    • (1962) Genet. Res. Camb. , vol.3 , pp. 110-138
    • Latter, B.D.H.1    Robertson, A.2
  • 44
    • 0027205660 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous mutation for a quantitative trait in Drosophila melanogaster. I. Response to artificial selection
    • LÓPEZ, M. A., AND C. LÓPEZ-FANJUL. 1993. Spontaneous mutation for a quantitative trait in Drosophila melanogaster. I. Response to artificial selection. Genet. Res. 61:107-116.
    • (1993) Genet. Res. , vol.61 , pp. 107-116
    • López, M.A.1    López-Fanjul, C.2
  • 45
    • 0027846448 scopus 로고
    • The effect of periodic bottlenecks on the competitive ability of Drosophila pseudoobscura lines
    • LÓPEZ BUENO, J. A., A. MOYA, AND F. GONZÁLES-CANDELAS. 1993. The effect of periodic bottlenecks on the competitive ability of Drosophila pseudoobscura lines. Heredity 70:60-66.
    • (1993) Heredity , vol.70 , pp. 60-66
    • López Bueno, J.A.1    Moya, A.2    Gonzáles-Candelas, F.3
  • 46
    • 0000219145 scopus 로고
    • Inbreeding increases genetic variance for viability in Drosophila melanogaster
    • LÓPEZ-FANJUL, C., AND A. VILLAVERDE. 1989. Inbreeding increases genetic variance for viability in Drosophila melanogaster. Evolution 43:1800-1804.
    • (1989) Evolution , vol.43 , pp. 1800-1804
    • López-Fanjul, C.1    Villaverde, A.2
  • 47
    • 0023950868 scopus 로고
    • The rate of polygenic mutation
    • LYNCH, M. 1988. The rate of polygenic mutation. Genet. Res. Camb. 51:137-148.
    • (1988) Genet. Res. Camb. , vol.51 , pp. 137-148
    • Lynch, M.1
  • 48
    • 0028983653 scopus 로고
    • Mutation accumulation and the extinction of small populations
    • LYNCH, M., J. CONERY, AND R. BURGER. 1995. Mutation accumulation and the extinction of small populations. Am. Nat. 146: 489-518.
    • (1995) Am. Nat. , vol.146 , pp. 489-518
    • Lynch, M.1    Conery, J.2    Burger, R.3
  • 49
    • 84973967521 scopus 로고
    • A quantitative genetic analysis of fitness and its components in Drosophila melanogaster
    • MACKAY, T. F. C. 1985. A quantitative genetic analysis of fitness and its components in Drosophila melanogaster. Genet. Res. Camb. 47:59-70.
    • (1985) Genet. Res. Camb. , vol.47 , pp. 59-70
    • Mackay, T.F.C.1
  • 50
    • 0027138941 scopus 로고
    • Heritability and 'evolvability' of fitness components in Callosobruchus maculatus
    • MESSINA, F. J. 1993. Heritability and 'evolvability' of fitness components in Callosobruchus maculatus. Heredity 71:623-629.
    • (1993) Heredity , vol.71 , pp. 623-629
    • Messina, F.J.1
  • 51
    • 0028163238 scopus 로고
    • Demographic consequences of inbreeding in remnant populations
    • MILLS, L. S., AND P. E SMOUSE. 1994. Demographic consequences of inbreeding in remnant populations. Am. Nat. 144:412-431.
    • (1994) Am. Nat. , vol.144 , pp. 412-431
    • Mills, L.S.1    Smouse, P.E.2
  • 52
    • 0001386654 scopus 로고
    • An estimate of the mutational damage in man from data on consaguineous marriages
    • MORTON, N. E., J. F. CROW, AND H. J. MULLER. 1956. An estimate of the mutational damage in man from data on consaguineous marriages. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 42:855-863.
    • (1956) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.42 , pp. 855-863
    • Morton, N.E.1    Crow, J.F.2    Muller, H.J.3
  • 53
    • 84966145847 scopus 로고
    • Natural selection and the heritability of fitness components
    • MOUSSEAU, T. A., AND D. A. ROFF. 1987. Natural selection and the heritability of fitness components. Heredity 59:181-197.
    • (1987) Heredity , vol.59 , pp. 181-197
    • Mousseau, T.A.1    Roff, D.A.2
  • 54
    • 0015957066 scopus 로고
    • The genetic structure of natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster. XI. Genetic variability in a local population
    • MUKAI, T., AND O. YAMAGUCHI. 1974. The genetic structure of natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster. XI. Genetic variability in a local population. Genetics 76:339-366.
    • (1974) Genetics , vol.76 , pp. 339-366
    • Mukai, T.1    Yamaguchi, O.2
  • 55
    • 0026381131 scopus 로고
    • The influence of age structure and fecundity on effective population size
    • NUNNEY, L. 1991. The influence of age structure and fecundity on effective population size. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. 246:71-76.
    • (1991) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. , vol.246 , pp. 71-76
    • Nunney, L.1
  • 58
    • 0028887671 scopus 로고
    • Genetic variation in inbreeding depression in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum
    • PRAY, A. L., AND C. J. GOODNIGHT. 1995. Genetic variation in inbreeding depression in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. Evolution 49:176-188.
    • (1995) Evolution , vol.49 , pp. 176-188
    • Pray, A.L.1    Goodnight, C.J.2
  • 59
    • 84966198006 scopus 로고
    • Variation in genetic identity within kinships
    • RASMUSON, M. 1993. Variation in genetic identity within kinships. Heredity 70:266-268.
    • (1993) Heredity , vol.70 , pp. 266-268
    • Rasmuson, M.1
  • 60
    • 0001312409 scopus 로고
    • The effect of inbreeding on the variation due to recessive genes
    • ROBERTSON, A. 1952. The effect of inbreeding on the variation due to recessive genes. Genetics 37:189-207.
    • (1952) Genetics , vol.37 , pp. 189-207
    • Robertson, A.1
  • 61
    • 84966172146 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative genetics and fitness: Lessons from Drosophila
    • ROFF, D. A., AND T. A. MOUSSEAU. 1987. Quantitative genetics and fitness: lessons from Drosophila. Heredity 58:103-118.
    • (1987) Heredity , vol.58 , pp. 103-118
    • Roff, D.A.1    Mousseau, T.A.2
  • 63
    • 0027263656 scopus 로고
    • DNA fingerprinting in a butterfly, Bicyclus anynana (Satyridae)
    • SACCHERI, I. J., AND M. W. BRUFORD. 1993. DNA fingerprinting in a butterfly, Bicyclus anynana (Satyridae). J. Hered. 84:195-200.
    • (1993) J. Hered. , vol.84 , pp. 195-200
    • Saccheri, I.J.1    Bruford, M.W.2
  • 64
    • 0002104372 scopus 로고
    • Beginnings of the heterosis concept
    • J. W. Gowen, ed. Iowa State College Press, Ames
    • SHULL, G. H. 1952. Beginnings of the heterosis concept. Pp. 14-48 in J. W. Gowen, ed. Heterosis. Iowa State College Press, Ames.
    • (1952) Heterosis , pp. 14-48
    • Shull, G.H.1
  • 65
    • 10544247336 scopus 로고
    • Concurrent inbreeding and selection in the domestic fowl
    • SHULTZ, F. T. 1953. Concurrent inbreeding and selection in the domestic fowl. Heredity 7:1-21.
    • (1953) Heredity , vol.7 , pp. 1-21
    • Shultz, F.T.1
  • 66
    • 0017634248 scopus 로고
    • Mutations affecting fitness in Drosophila populations
    • SIMMONS, M. J., AND J. F. CROW. 1977. Mutations affecting fitness in Drosophila populations. Annu. Rev. Genet. 11:49-78.
    • (1977) Annu. Rev. Genet. , vol.11 , pp. 49-78
    • Simmons, M.J.1    Crow, J.F.2
  • 67
    • 0001207309 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of inbreeding in the European bison
    • SLATIS, H. M. 1960. An analysis of inbreeding in the European bison. Genetics 45:275-287.
    • (1960) Genetics , vol.45 , pp. 275-287
    • Slatis, H.M.1
  • 69
    • 0017724601 scopus 로고
    • Genetic load and viability distribution in central and marginal populations of Drosophila subobscura
    • SPERLICH, D., H. FEUERBACH-MRAVLAG, P. LANGE, A. MICHAELIDIS, AND A. PENTZOS-DAPONTE. 1977. Genetic load and viability distribution in central and marginal populations of Drosophila subobscura. Genetics 86:835-848.
    • (1977) Genetics , vol.86 , pp. 835-848
    • Sperlich, D.1    Feuerbach-Mravlag, H.2    Lange, P.3    Michaelidis, A.4    Pentzos-Daponte, A.5
  • 70
    • 0014846296 scopus 로고
    • A population cage test for heterosis in Drosophila pseudoobscura
    • SVED, J. A., AND F. J. AYALA. 1970 A population cage test for heterosis in Drosophila pseudoobscura. Genetics 66:97-113.
    • (1970) Genetics , vol.66 , pp. 97-113
    • Sved, J.A.1    Ayala, F.J.2
  • 71
    • 0013865662 scopus 로고
    • Homozygous viability and fertility loads in Drosphila melanogaster
    • TEMIN, R. G. 1966. Homozygous viability and fertility loads in Drosphila melanogaster. Genetics 53:27-46.
    • (1966) Genetics , vol.53 , pp. 27-46
    • Temin, R.G.1
  • 72
    • 84987167464 scopus 로고
    • Factors eliminating inbreeding depression in a captive herd of Speke's gazelle (Gazella spekei)
    • TEMPLETON, A. R., AND B. READ. 1984. Factors eliminating inbreeding depression in a captive herd of Speke's gazelle (Gazella spekei). Zoo Biol. 3:177-199.
    • (1984) Zoo Biol. , vol.3 , pp. 177-199
    • Templeton, A.R.1    Read, B.2
  • 73
    • 0027837953 scopus 로고
    • Effects of different levels of inbreeding on fitness components in Mimulus guttatus
    • WILLIS, J. H. 1993. Effects of different levels of inbreeding on fitness components in Mimulus guttatus. Evolution 47:864-876.
    • (1993) Evolution , vol.47 , pp. 864-876
    • Willis, J.H.1
  • 74
    • 0000438370 scopus 로고
    • Increased heritable variation following population bottlenecks: The role of dominance
    • WILLIS, J. H., AND H. A. ORR. 1993. Increased heritable variation following population bottlenecks: The role of dominance. Evolution 47:949-957.
    • (1993) Evolution , vol.47 , pp. 949-957
    • Willis, J.H.1    Orr, H.A.2
  • 75
    • 0001985177 scopus 로고
    • Quantification of Lepidoptera wing patterns using an image analyzer
    • WINDIG, J. J. 1991. Quantification of Lepidoptera wing patterns using an image analyzer. J. Res. Lepidoptera 30:82-94.
    • (1991) J. Res. Lepidoptera , vol.30 , pp. 82-94
    • Windig, J.J.1
  • 76
    • 0028160077 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal polyphenism in the wild: Survey of wing patterns in five species of Bicyclus butterflies in Malawi
    • WINDIG, J. J., P. M. BRAKEFIELD, N. REITSMA, AND J. G. M. WILSON. 1994. Seasonal polyphenism in the wild: Survey of wing patterns in five species of Bicyclus butterflies in Malawi. Ecol. Entomol. 19:285-298.
    • (1994) Ecol. Entomol. , vol.19 , pp. 285-298
    • Windig, J.J.1    Brakefield, P.M.2    Reitsma, N.3    Wilson, J.G.M.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.