Thermodynamics of Wax Precipitation in Petroleum Mixtures

AIChE Journal

Volumn 42, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 239-248

  Lira Galeana, C ^a,c   Firoozabadi, A ^a   Prausnitz, John M ^b  

^a RESERVOIR ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL PETRÓLEO   (Mexico)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MIXTURES; PETROLEUM; PRECIPITATION; THERMODYNAMICS; WAX;

CALCULATIONS; CRUDE PETROLEUM; EQUATIONS OF STATE OF LIQUIDS; MIXTURES; PETROCHEMICALS; PRECIPITATION (CHEMICAL); TEMPERATURE; WAXES;

MELTING POINT; PETROLEUM MIXTURES; VOLATILITY; WAX PRECIPITATION;

THERMODYNAMICS;

EID: 0029657413     PISSN: 00011541     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/aic.690420120     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. American Petroleum Institute, Selected Values for Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Hydrocarbons and Related Compounds, Res. Proj. 44, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, sec. m (1964).
2. Bishop, A., and P. Philp, "Prediction of Potential Wax Deposition Problems During Petroleum Production," Internal Rep., Organic Geochemistry Group, Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman (1994).
3. Cavett, R. H., "Physical Data for Distillation Calculations, VaporLiquid Equilibria," Proc. API Div. of Refining Meeting, San Francisco (May 15, 1964).
4. Chueh, P. L., and J. M. Prausnitz, "Vapor-Liquid Equilibria at High Pressures: Calculation of Partial Molar Volume in Non-Polar Liquid Mixtures," AIChE J., 13(6), 1099 (1967).
5. Edmister, W. C., "Compressibility Factors and Equations of State," Pet. Refiner, 37(4), 173 (1958).
6. Erickson, D. D., V. G. Niesen, and T. S. Brown, "Thermodynamic Measurement and Prediction of Paraffin Precipitation in Crude Oil," paper SPE 26604, Tech. Conf. and Exhibit of the Soc. of Pet. Engrs., Houston (Oct. 3-6, 1993).
7. Fagin, K. M., "Automatic Scrapers Used in West Edmond Oil Wells," Pet. Eng., 105 (June, 1945).
8. Finke, H. L., M. E. Gross, G. Waddington, and H. M. Huffman, "Low-Temperature Thermal Data for the Nine Normal Paraffin Hydrocarbons from Octane to Hexadecane," J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 76, 333 (1954).
9. Firoozabadi, A., "Reservoir-Fluid Phase Behavior and Volumetric Prediction with Equations of State," J. Pet. Tech., 397 (Apr., 1988).
10. Fischl, F. B., B. F. Naylor, C. W. Ziemer, G. S. Parks, and J. G. Aston, "The Heat Capacity, Heat of Fusion and Entropy of 11-n-decylheneicosane," J. Phys. Chem., 67, 2075 (1945).
11. Flory, P. J., Principles of Polymer Chemistry, Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, NY (1953).
12. Ford, P. E., J. W. Ells, and R. J. Russell, "Frequent Pigging Helps Move Waxy Crude Below Its Pour-Point," Oil & Gas J., 183 (May, 1965).
13. Goldman, M. S., and C. C. Nathan, "Prevention of Paraffin Deposition and Plugging," U.S. Patent No. 2,817,635 (Dec. 24, 1957).
14. Hansen, J. H., Aa. Fredenslund, K. S. Pedersen, and H. P. Ronningsen, "A Thermodynamic Model for Predicting Wax Formation in Crude Oils," AIChE J., 34(12), 1937 (1988).
15. Johnson, N. L., and S. Kotz, Continuous Univariate Distributions: I, Houghton Mifflin, Boston (1970).
16. Madsen, H. E. L., and R. Boistelle, "Solubility of Long-Chain n-Paraffins in Pentane and Heptane," J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 72, 1078 (1976).
17. Madsen, H. E. L., and R. Boistelle, "Solubility of Octacosane and Hexatriacontane in Different n-Alkane Solvents," J. Chem. Soc., Farad. Trans., 75, 1254 (1979).
18. Michelsen, M. L., "The Isothermal Flash Problem: I. Stability," Fluid Phase Equil., 9, 1 (1982).
19. Parks, G. S., G. E. Moore, M. L. Renquist, B. F. Naylor, L. A. Mc-Claine, S. P. Fuji, and J. A. Hatton, "Thermal Data on Organic Compounds: XXV. Some Heat Capacity, Entropy and Free Energy Data for Nine Hydrocarbons of High Molecular Weight," J. Phys. Chem., 71, 3386 (1949).
20. Pedersen, W. B., A. B. Hansen, E. Larsen, A. B. Nielsen, and H. P. Ronningsen, "Wax Precipitation from North-Sea Crude Oils: 2. Solid-Phase Content as Function of Temperature Determined by Pulsed NMR," Energy and Fuels, 5, 908 (1991).
21. Pedersen, K. S., P. Skovborg, and H. P. Ronningsen, "Wax Precipitation from North-Sea Crude Oils: 4. Thermodynamic Modeling," Energy and Fuels, 5, 924 (1991).
22. Pedersen, K. S., "Prediction of Cloud-Point Temperatures and Amount of Wax Precipitation," paper SPE 27629, Soc. of Pet. Engrs., Richardson, TX (1993).
23. Peng, D.-Y., and D. B. Robinson, "A New Two-Constant Equation of State," Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund., 15, 59 (1976).
24. Prausnitz, J. M., R. N. Lichtenthaler, and E. G. Azevedo, Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid Phase Equilibria, Chap. 9, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ (1986).
25. Riazi, M. R., and T. E. Daubert, "Simplify Property Predictions," Hyd. Proc., 115 (Mar., 1980).
26. Robinson, D. B., D. Y. Peng, and S. Y.-K. Chung, "The Development of the Peng-Robinson Equation and Its Application to Phase Equilibrium in a System Containing Methanol," Fluid Phase Equil., 24, 25 (1985).
27. Ronningsen, H. P., B. Bjørndal, A. B. Hansen, and W. S. Pedersen, "Wax Precipitation from North Sea Crude Oils: I. Crystallization and Dissolution Temperature, and Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Flow Properties," Energy & Fuel, 5, 895 (1991).
28. Snyder, R. G., M. C. Goh, V. J. P. Srivatsavoy, H. L. Strauss, and D. L. Dorset, "Measurement of the Growth Kinetics of Microdomains in Binary n-Alkane Solid Solutions by Infrared Spectroscopy," J. Phys. Chem., 96, 10008 (1992).
29. Snyder, R. G., G. Conti, H. L. Strauss, and D. L. Dorset, "Thermally-Induced Mixing in Partially Microphase Segregated Binary n-Alkane Crystals," J. Phys. Chem., 97, 7342 (1993).
30. Snyder, R. G., V. J. P. Srivatsavoy, D. A. Cates, H. L. Strauss, J. W. White, and D. L. Dorset, "Hydrogen/Deuterium Isotope Effects on Microphase Separation in Unstable Crystalline Mixtures of Binary n-Alkanes," J. Phys. Chem., 98, 674 (1994).
31. Soave, G., "Equilibrium Constants from a Modified Redlich-Kwong Equation of State," Chem. Eng. Sci., 27, 1197 (1972).
32. Spaght, M. E., S. B. Thomas, and G. S. Parks, "Some Heat-Capacity Data on Organic Compounds Obtained with a Radiation Calorimeter," J. Phys. Chem., 36, 882 (1932).
33. Twu, C. H., "An Internally Consistent Correlation for Predicting the Critical Properties and Molecular Weights of Petroleum and Coal-Tar Liquids," Fluid Phase Equil., 16, 137 (1984).
34. Whitson, C. H., "Characterizing Hydrocarbon Plus Fractions," Soc. Pet. Eng. J., 683 (1983).
35. Won, K. W., "Thermodynamics for Solid Solution-Liquid-Vapor Equilibria: Wax Phase Formation from Heavy Hydrocarbon Mixtures," Fluid Phase Equil., 30, 265 (1986).
36. Won, K. W., "Thermodynamic Calculation of Cloud Point Temperatures and Wax Phase Compositions of Refined Hydrocarbon Mixtures," Fluid Phase Equil., 53, 377 (1989).