Influence of Local Structural Correlations on Free-Radical Reactions in Supercritical Fluids: A Hierarchical Approach

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research

Volumn 35, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 19-27

  Ganapathy, Shanltar ^a   Carlier, Claude ^b   Randolph, Theodore W ^b   O'Brien, James A ^a  

^a Yale University   (United States)

^b University of Colorado at Boulder   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER SIMULATION; DENSITY (SPECIFIC GRAVITY); ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; FREE RADICAL REACTIONS; FREE RADICALS; KINETIC THEORY OF GASES; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULAR STRUCTURE; SOLVENTS;

HEISENBERG SPIN EXCHANGE; RATE CONSTANT; SOLVENT SOLUTE CORRELATIONS; SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS;

CHEMICAL REACTIONS;

SOLVENTS; SUPERCRITICAL FLUID;

EID: 0029657228     PISSN: 08885885     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ie950272o     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. 3 in the Near-Critical Region. J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 3351.
2. Allen, M. P. Brownian Dynamics Simulation of a Chemical Reaction in Solution. Mol. Phys. 1980, 40, 1073.
3. Ameise, J. A.; Kutz, N. A. Catalyzed Xylene Isomerization Under Supercritical Temperature and Pressure Conditions. U.S. Patent 5,030,788, 1991.
4. Angus, A.; Armstrong, B.; de Reuck, K. M.; Altunin, V. V.; Gadetski, G. G,; Chapela, G. A.; Rowlinson, J. S. International Thermodynamics Tables of the Fluid State Carbon Dioxide; Pergamon Press: New York, 1976.
5. Atkins, P. W.; Kivelson, D. ESR Linewidths in Solution: II. Analysis of Spin-Rotational Relaxation Data. J. Chem. Phys. 1966, 44, 169.
6. 3H by Steady-State and Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Supercritical Fluid Technology; ACS Symposium Series 448; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1992; p 48.
7. Brennecke, J. F.; Eckert, C. A. Molecular Interactions from Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Supercritical Fluids; Perrut, F., Ed.; Institut Nationale Polytechnique de Lorraine: Nice, France, 1988; p 263.
8. Brennecke, J. F.; Eckert, C. A. Fluorescence Spectroscopy Studies of Intermolecular Interactions in Supercritical Fluids. Supercritical Fluid Science and Technology; ACS Symposium Series 406; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1989; p 14.
9. Brennecke, J. F.; Tomasko, D. L.; Peshkin, J.; Eckert, C. A. Fluorescence Spectroscopy Studies in Dilute Supercritical Solutions. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1990, 29, 1682.
10. Carlier, C. EPR Spectroscopic Study of Free-Radical Reactions and Molecular Interactions in Supercritical Fluids. Ph.D. Thesis, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 1994.
11. Carlier, C.; Randolph, T. W. Dense-gas solvent-solute clusters at near-infinite dilution: EPR Spectroscopic evidence. AIChE J. 1993, 39, 876.
12. Chandrasekhar, S. Stochastic problems in physics and astronomy. Rev. Mod. Phys. 1943, 15, 1.
13. Chialvo, A. A.; Debenedetti, P. G. Molecular Dynamics Study of Solute-Solute Microstructure in Attractive and Repulsive Supercritical Mixtures. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1992, 31, 1391.
14. Corti, D. S.; Debenedetti, P. G. Molecular Dynamics Study of Solute-Solute Interactions in Dilute Supercritical Mixtures. AIChE Annual Meeting, St. Louis, Nov 1993; Paper 172b.
15. Currin, J. D. Theory of Exchange Relaxation of Hyperfine Structure in Electron Spin Resonance. Phys. Rev. 1962, 126, 1995.
16. Debenedetti, P. G. Clustering in Dilute, Binary Supercritical Fluid Mixtures: a Fluctuation Analysis. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1987, 42, 2203.
17. Debenedetti, P. G.; Chialvo, A. A. Solute-Solute Correlations in Infinitely Dilute Supercritical Fluid Mixtures. J. Chem. Phys. 1992, 97, 504.
18. DeSimone, J. M.; Guan, Z.; Eisbernd, C. S. Synthesis of Fluoropolymers in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Science 1992, 257, 945.
19. Eckert, C. A.; Ziger, D. H.; Johnston, K. P.; Ellison, T. K. The Use of Partial Molar Volume Data to Evaluate Equations of State for Supercritical Fluid Mixtures. Fluid Phase Equilib. 1983, 14, 167.
20. Eckert, C. A.; Ziger, D. H.; Johnston, K. P.; Kim, S. Solute Partial Molar Volumes in Supercritical Fluids. J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 2798.
21. Ganapathy, S.; Randolph, T. W.; O'Brien, J. A. Effect of Solute-Solute Correlations on Rapid Reactions in Supercritical Fluids. AIChE J. 1995a, 41, 346.
22. Ganapathy, S.; Randolph, T. W.; O'Brien, J. A. Molecular Simulation and EPR Studies of Rapid Bimolecular Reactions in Supercritical Fluids. Int. J. Thermophys. 1995b, in press.
23. Ganapathy, S.; Randolph, T. W.; O'Brien, J. A. Do Solute-Solute Interactions Affect Reactions? A Brownian Dynamics Study. J. Supercrit. Fluids 1995c, in press.
24. Hammond, D. A.; Karel, M.; Klibonov, A. M.; Krukonis, V. J. Enzymatic Reactions in Supercritical Gases. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 1985, 11, 393.
25. Hirschfelder, J. O.; Curtiss; C. F.; Bird, R. B. Molecular Theory of Gases and Liquids; Wiley: New York, 1954.
26. Johnston, D. R.; Cole, R. H. Dielectric Constants of Imperfect Gases. II. Carbon Dioxide and Ethylene. J. Chem. Phys. 1962, 36, 318.
27. Johnston, K. P.; Haynes, C. Extreme Solvent Effects on Reaction Rate Constants at Supercritical Fluid Conditions. AIChE J. 1987, 33, 2017.
28. Johnston, K. P.; Kim, S.; Combes, J. Spectroscopic Determination of Solvent Strength and Structure in Supercritical Fluid Mixtures: A Review. In Supercritical Fluid Science and Technology; Johnston, K. P., Penninger, J. M. L., Eds.; ACS Symposium Series 406; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1989; p 52.
29. Jorgensen, W. L.; Tirado-Rives, J. The OPLS Potential Function for Proteins. Energy Minimization for Crystals of Cyclic Peptides and Crambin. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 1657.
30. Jorgensen, W. L.; Madura, J. D.; Swenson, C. J. Optimized Intermolecular Potential Functions for Liquid Hydrocarbons. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 6638.
31. Jorgensen, W. L.; Briggs, J. M.; Contreras, M. L. Relative Partition Coefficients for Organic Solutes from Fluid Simulations. J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 1683.
32. 3H. J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 1347.
33. Kamihira, M.; Taniguchi, M.; Kobayashi, T. Synthesis of Aspartame Precursors by Enzymatic Reaction in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Agric. Biol. Chem. 1987, 51, 3427.
34. Kamlet, M. J.; Taft, R. W. Linear Solvation Energy Relationships. Part 3. Some Reinterpretations of Solvent Effects based on Correlations with Solvent π* and α Values. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, 1979, 337.
35. Kim, S.; Johnston, K. P. Molecular Interactions in Dilute Supercritical Fluid Solutions. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1987, 26, 1206.
36. Knutson, B. L.; Tomasko, D. L.; Eckert, C. A.; Debenedetti, P. G.; Chialvo, A. A. Local density augmentation in supercritical solutions: A comparison between fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular dynamics results. In Supercritical Fluid Technology; Bright, F. V., McNally, M. E. P., Eds.; ACS Symposium Series 448; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1992; p 60.
37. McGuigan, D. B.; Monson, P. A. Analysis of Infinite Dilution Partial Molar Volumes using a Distribution Function Theory. Fluid Phase Equilib. 1990, 57, 227.
38. McHugh, M.; Krukonis, V. Supercritical Fluid Extraction; Butterworths: Boston, 1986,
39. McRae, E. G. Theory of Solvent Effects on Molecular Electronic Spectra. Frequency Shifts. J. Phys. Chem. 1956, 61, 562.
40. Molin, Y. N.; Salikhov, K. M.; Zamaraev, K. I. Spin, Exchange Principles and Applications in Chemistry and Biology; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1980.
41. O'Brien, J. A.; Randolph, T. W.; Carlier , C.; Ganapathy, S. Quasicritical Behavior of Dense-Gas Solvent-Solute Clusters at Near-Infinite Dilution. AIChE J. 1993, 39, 6.
42. Poliakoff, M.; Howdle, S. M. Supercritical Chemistry: A Review of Chemical Reactions in Supercritical Fluid Solution. Proc. 3rd Int. Symp. Supercrit. Fluids 1994, 3, 81.
43. Prausnitz, J. M. Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid Phase Equilibria; Prentice-Hall: Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1969; p 107.
44. Randolph, T. W.; Carlier, C. Free Radical Reactions in Supercritical Ethane: A Probe of Supercritical Fluid Structure. J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 5146.
45. Randolph, T. W.; Blanch, H. W,; Prausnitz, J. M.; Wilke, C. R. Enzymatic Catalysis in a Supercritical Fluid. Biotechnol. Lett. 1985, 7, 325.
46. Randolph, T. W.; Clark, D. S.; Blanch, H. W.; Prausnitz, J. M. Enzymatic Oxidation of Cholesterol Aggregates in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Science 1988, 239, 387.
47. Randolph, T. W.; O'Brien, J, A.; Ganapathy, S. Does Critical Clustering Affect Reaction Rate Constants? Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Pure Supercritical Fluids. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 4173.
48. Roberts, C. B.; Zhang, Z.; Brennecke, J. F.; Chateauneuf, J. E. Laser Flash Photolysis Investigations of Diffusion-Controlled Reactions in Supercritical Fluids. J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 5618.
49. Russell, A. J.; Beckman, E. J. Should the High Diffusivity of a Supercritical Fluid Increase the Rate of an Enzyme-Catalyzed Reaction? Enzyme Microb. Technol. 1991, 13, 1007.
50. 3 Catalyst at Subcritical and Supercritical Reaction Conditions: Pressure and Temperature Effects on Catalyst Activity. J. Supercrit. Fluids 1990, 3, 214.
51. Savage, P. E.; Gopalan, S.; Mizan, T. I.; Martino, C. J.; Brock, E. E. Reactions at Supercritical Conditions: Applications and Fundamentals. AIChE J. 1995, 41 1723.
52. Schneider, D. J.; Freed, J. H. Calculating Slow Motional Magnetic Resonance Spectra. Biological Magnetic Resonance; Berliner, L. J., Reubens, J., Eds.; Plenum Press: New York, 1989; Vol. 8.
53. Smoluchowski, M. V. Z. Toward a Mathematical Theory of the Coagulation Kinetics of Colloidal Solutions. Physikal. Chem. 1917, 92, 129.
54. Squires, T. G.; Venier, C. G.; Aida, T. Supercritical Fluid Solvents in Organic Chemistry. Fluid Phase Equilib. 1983, 10, 261.
55. Tanko, J. M.; Blackert, J. F. Free-Radical Side-Chain Bromination of Alkylaromatics in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Science 1994, 263, 203.
56. Tiltscher, H.; Hofmann, H. Trends in High Pressure Chemical Reaction Engineering. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1987, 42, 959.
57. Tiltscher, H.; Wolf, H.; Schelchshorn, J. Utilization of Supercritical Solvent-Effects in Heterogeneous Catalysis. Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 897.
58. Yonker, C. R.; Smith, R. D. Solvatochromism: A Dielectric Continuum Model Applied to Supercritical Fluids. J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 235.
59. Younglove, B. A.; Ely, J. F. Thermophysical Properties of Fluids: II. Methane, Ethane, Propane, Isobutane, and Normal Butane. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 1987, 16, 577
60. 3H. J. Am. Chem. Soc 1992, 114, 7821.