Isotope hydrology of voluminous cold springs in fractured rock from an active volcanic region, northeastern California

Journal of Hydrology

Volumn 179, Issue 1-4, 1996, Pages 207-236

  Rose, Timothy P ^a,b   Davisson, M Lee ^b   Criss, Robert E ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^c WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FRACTURES; GROUNDWATER; HYDROLOGY; ISOTOPE; ROCK; SPRINGS; VOLCANOES;

GROUNDWATER; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; RECHARGE; RESIDENCE TIME; SPRING;

USA, CALIFORNIA, HAT CREEK BASIN;

AQUIFERS; BASALT; DISCHARGE (FLUID MECHANICS); FLOW MEASUREMENT; FLOW OF WATER; GEOCHRONOLOGY; GROUNDWATER; HYDROLOGY; ISOTOPES; RECHARGING (UNDERGROUND WATERS); SURFACE WATERS; TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT;

AQUIFER RESIDENCE TIMES; LARGE VOLUME COLD SPRINGS;

SPRINGS (WATER);

EID: 0029656860     PISSN: 00221694     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0022-1694(95)02832-3     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Anderson, C.A., 1940. Hat Creek lava flow. Am. J. Sci., 238: 477-492.
2. Anderson, S.W., Mullen, J.R. and Shelton, W.F., 1989. Water resources data, California, Water Year 1989. U.S., Geol. Surv., Water-Data Rep. CA-89-4.
3. Anderson, S.W., Mullen, J.R., Friebel, M.F. and Markham, K.L., 1992. Water resources data, California, Water Year 1992. U.S., Geol. Surv., Water-Data Rep. CA-92-4.
4. Andrews, J.N., Fontes, J.-C., Aranyossy, J.-F., Dodo, A., Edmunds, W.M., Joseph, A. and Travi, Y., 1994. The evolution of alkaline groundwaters in the continental intercalaire aquifer of the Irhazer Plain, Niger. Water Resour. Res., 30: 45-61.
5. Aune, Q.A., 1964. A trip to Burney Falls. Calif., Div. Mines Geol. Miner. Inf. Serv., 17: 183-191.
6. Baxter, M.S. and Walton, A., 1971. Fluctuations of atmospheric carbon-14 concentrations during the past century. Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 321: 105-127.
7. 12C ratios of plants in relation to the pathway of photosynthetic carbon dioxide fixation. Phytochemistry, 10: 1239-1244.
8. Bortolami, G.C., Ricci, B., Susella, G.F. and Zuppi, G.M., 1979. Isotope hydrology of the Val Corsaglia, Maritime Alps, Piedmont, Italy. In: IAEA Staff (Editors), Isotope Hydrology 1978, Vol. 1. IAEA, Vienna, pp. 327-350.
9. Cerling, T.E., 1984. The stable isotopic composition of modern soil carbonate and its relationship to climate. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 71: 229-240.
10. Clynne, M.A., 1990. Stratigraphie, lithologic, and major element geochemical constraints on magmatic evolution at Lassen Volcanic Center, California, J. Geophys. Res., 95: 19,651-19,669.
11. Coleman, M.L., Sheperd, T.J., Durham, J.J., Rouse, J.E. and Moore, G.R., 1982. Reduction of water with zinc for hydrogen isotope analysis. Anal. Chem., 54: 993-995.
12. Craig, H., 1961. Isotopic variations in meteoric waters. Science, 133: 1702-1703.
13. Craig, H., Gordon, L.I. and Horibe, Y., 1963. Isotopic exchange effects in the evaporation of water 1. Low temperature experimental results. J. Geophys. Res., 68: 5079-5089.
14. Criss, R.E., 1995. Stable isotope distribution: Variations from temperature, organic and water-rock interactions. In: T.J. Ahrens (Editor), Global Earth Physics: Handbook of Physical Constants, Sec. 1-20. Am. Geophys. Union, Washington, DC, pp. 292-307.
15. Dansgaard, W., 1961. The isotopic composition of natural waters. Medd. Groenl., 165: 1-120.
16. Dansgaard, W., 1964. Stable isotopes in precipitation. Tellus, 16: 436-468.
17. 14C determination by accelerator mass spectrometry. Rep. No. UCRL-JC-119176, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA.
18. Davisson, M.L., Kenneally, J.M., Smith, D.K., Hudson, G.B., Nimz, G.J. and Rego, J.H., 1994. Preliminary report on the isotope hydrology investigations at the Nevada Test Site: Hydrologic resources management program. Rep. No. UCRL-ID-116122, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA.
19. Deines, P., 1980. The isotopic composition of reduced organic carbon. In: P. Fritz and J.-Ch. Fontes (Editors), Handbook of Environmental Isotope Geochemistry, Vol. 1, The Terrestrial Environment. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 329-406.
20. Deines, P., Langmuir, D. and Harmon, R.S., 1974. Stable carbon isotope ratios and the existence of a gas phase in the evolution of carbonate groundwaters. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 38: 1147-1164.
21. Domenico, P.A. and Schwartz, F.W., 1990. Physical and Chemical Hydrogeology. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
22. 18 content of waters from natural sources. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 4: 213-224.
23. Fairchild, M.G. and Meixner, Jr., G.D., 1964. Shasta County Investigation. Calif., Dep. Water Resour., Bull., 22: 1-239.
24. Fontes, J. Ch., 1980. Environmental isotopes in groundwater hydrology. In: P. Fritz and J.-Ch. Fontes (Editors), Handbook of Environmental Isotope Geochemistry, Vol. 1, The Terrestrial Environment. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 75-140.
25. 14C dating of groundwater, In: R.E. Taylor, A. Long and R.S. Kra (Editors), Radiocarbon after Four Decades: An Interdisciplinary Perspective. Springer, New York, pp. 242-261.
26. 14C activity of the total dissolved carbon: a review of the existing models and a new approach. Water Resour. Res., 15: 399-413.
27. Freeze, R.A. and Cherry, J.A., 1979. Groundwater. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
28. Friedman, I. and O'Neil, J.R., 1977. Compilation of stable isotope fractionation factors of geochemical interest. In: Data of Geochemistry, 6th edn. U.S., Geol. Surv., Prof. Paper 440KK.
29. Fritz, P., Fontes, J. Ch., Frape, S.K., Louvat, D., Michelot, J.-L. and Balderer, W., 1989. The isotope geochemistry of carbon in groundwater at Stripa. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 53: 1765-1775.
30. Gonfiantini, R., Gallo, G., Payne, B.R. and Taylor, C.B., 1976. Environmental isotopes and hydrochemistry in groundwater of Gran Canaria. In: IAEA Staff (Editors), Interpretation of Environmental Isotope and Hydrochemical Data in Groundwater Hydrology. IAEA, Vienna, pp. 159-170.
31. Guffanti, M., Clynne, M.A., Smith, J.G., Muffler, L.J.P. and Bullen, T.D., 1990. Late Cenozoic volcanism, subduction, and extension in the Lassen region of California, southern Cascade Range. J. Geophys. Res., 95: 19453-19464.
32. 13C and tritium in water samples from basaltic aquifers and carbonate aquifers on the island of Oahu, Hawaii. In: IAEA Staff (Editors), Isotope Techniques in Groundwater Hydrology, Vol. 2. IAEA, Vienna, pp. 111-127.
33. Ingraham, N.L. and Criss, R.E., 1993. Effects of surface area and volume on the rate of isotopic exchange between water and water vapor. J. Geophys. Res., 98: 20 547-20 553.
34. Ingraham, N.L. and Taylor, B.E., 1991. Light stable isotope systematics of large-scale hydrologic regimes in California and Nevada. Water Resour. Res., 27: 77-90.
35. Janik, C.J., Nehring, N.L. and Truesdell, A.H., 1983. Stable isotope geochemistry of thermal fluids from Lassen Volcanic National Park, California. Trans. Geotherm. Res. Counc., 7: 295-300.
36. Karlsson, F., 1989. The Swedish research programme on radioactive waste disposal: Experience gained with the use of isotope techniques in fractured rock. In: IAEA Staff (Editors), Isotope Techniques in the Study of the Hydrology of Fractured and Fissured Rocks. IAEA, Vienna, pp. 69-86.
37. 2 transport based on observed winds: 1. Analysis of observational data. Geophys. Monogr. No. 55, Am. Geophys. Union, Washington, DC, pp. 165-236.
38. Kuchler, A.W., 1977. The map of the natural vegetation of California. In: M.G. Barbour and J. Major (Editors), Terrestrial Vegetation of California. Wiley, New York, scale 1:1 000 000.
39. Lydon, P.A., Gay, Jr., T.E. and Jennings, C.W., 1960. Geologic Map of California, Westwood Sheet. Calif. Div. Mines Geol., San Francisco, CA, scale 1:250 000.
40. Macdonald, G. A., 1963. Geology of the Manzanita Lake quadrangle, California. U.S., Geol. Surv., Geol. Quadrangle Map GQ-248, scale 1:62 500.
41. Macdonald, G.A., 1964. Geology of the Prospect Peak quadrangle, California. U.S., Geol. Surv., Geol. Quadrangle Map GQ-345, Washington, DC, scale 1:62 500.
42. Macdonald, G.A., 1966. Geology of the Cascade Range and Modoc Plateau. In: E.H. Bailey (Editor), Geology of Northern California. Calif., Div. Mines Geol., Bull., 190: 65-96.
43. Markham, K.L., Anderson, S.W., Mullen, J.R. and Friebel, M.F., 1991. Water resources data, California, Water Year 1991. U.S., Geol. Surv., Water-Data Rep. CA-91-4.
44. Mazor, E., 1991. Applied Chemical and Isotopic Groundwater Hydrology. Open University, Buckingham, UK.
45. Meinzer, O.E., 1927. Large Springs in the United States. U.S., Geol. Surv., Water-Supply Pap. 557.
46. 14C. In: IAEA Staff (Editors), Interpretation of Environmental Isotope and Hydrochemical Data in Groundwater Hydrology. IAEA, Vienna, pp. 213-225.
47. Mook, W.G., 1980. Carbon-14 in hydrogeological studies. In: P. Fritz and J.-Ch. Fontes (Editors), Handbook of Environmental Isotope Geochemistry, Vol. 1, The Terrestrial Environment. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 49-74.
48. Mook, W.G., Bommerson, J.C. and Staverman, W.H., 1974. Carbon isotope fractionation between dissolved bicarbonate and gaseous carbon dioxide. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 22: 169-176.
49. Moser, H., Wolf, M., Fritz, P., Fontes, J.Ch., Florkowski, T. and Payne, B.R., 1989. Deuterium, oxygen-18, and tritium in Stripa groundwater. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 53: 1757-1763.
50. Muffler, L.J.P. and Campbell, H.W., 1983. Lost Creek roadless area, California. U.S., Geol. Surv., Prof. Pap. 1300, pp. 283-285.
51. Muffler, L.J.P., Nehring, N.L., Truesdell, A.H., Janik, C.J., Clynne, M.A. and Thompson, J.M., 1982. The Lassen geothermal system. In: Proc. Pacific Geothermal Conf., University of Auckland, New Zealand, 8-12 November 1982. York-Pelorus Group Industries, Ltd., Auckland, pp. 349-356.
52. Muffler, L.J.P., Clynne, M.A. and Champion, D.E., 1994. Late Quaternary normal faulting of the Hat Creek Basalt, northern California. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 106: 195-200.
53. Mullen, J.R., Shelton, W.F. and Simpson, R.G., 1987. Water resources data, California, Water Year 1987. U.S., Geol. Surv., Water-Data Rep. CA-87-4.
54. Mullen, J.R., Shelton, W.F., Markham, K.L. and Anderson, S.W., 1990. Water resources data, California, Water Year 1990. U.S., Geol. Surv., Water-Data Rep. CA-90-4.
55. Mullen, J.R., Friebel, M.F., Markham, K.L. and Anderson, S.W., 1993. Water resources data, California, Water Year 1993. U.S., Geol. Surv., Water-Data Rep. CA-93-4.
56. Parfitt, D.G., 1984. Eastern Shasta County ground water study. California Department of Water Resources, Northern District Rep., Sacramento, CA.
57. Payne, B.R. and Yurtsever, Y., 1974. Environmental isotopes as a hydrogeological tool in Nicaragua. In: IAEA Staff (Editors), Isotope Techniques in Groundwater Hydrology, Vol. 1. IAEA, Vienna, pp. 193-202.
58. Pearson, Jr., F.J., Balderer, W., Loosli, H.H., Lehmann, B.E., Matter, A., Peters, Tj., Schmassmann, H. and Gautschi, A., 1991. Applied Isotope Hydrogeology - A Case Study in Northern Switzerland. Studies in Environmental Science Volume 43. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
59. Rantz, S.E., 1969. Mean annual precipitation in the California region. U.S., Geol. Surv., Basic Data Compilation, Isohyetal map, scale 1:1 000 000, Menlo Park, CA.
60. 13C content of soil atmosphere. Water Resour. Res., 14: 691-692.
61. Rundel, P.W., Parsons, D.J. and Gordon, D.T., 1977. Montane and subalpine vegetation of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Ranges. In: M.G. Barbour and J. Major (Editors), Terrestrial Vegetation of California. Wiley, New York, pp. 559-599.
62. 18O in precipitation with temperature and altitude. Nature, 285: 314-317.
63. Shelton, W.F., Anderson, S.W. and Mullen, J.R., 1988. Water resources data, California, Water Year 1988. U.S., Geol. Surv., Water-Data Rep. CA-88-4.
64. 12C ratios for higher plants. Plant Physiol., 47: 380-384.
65. Solomon, D.K. and Cerling, T.E., 1987. The annual carbon dioxide cycle in a montane soil: Observations, modeling, and implications for weathering. Water Resour. Res., 23: 2257-2265.
66. Sorey, M.L. and Colvard, E.M., 1994. Measurements of heat and mass flow from thermal areas in Lassen Volcanic National Park, California, 1984-93. U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations Report 94-4180-A.
67. 14C data. Radiocarbon, 19: 355-363.
68. Tamers, M.A., 1975. Validity of radiocarbon dates on groundwater. Geophys. Surv., 2: 217-239.
69. Vogel, J.S., 1967. Investigation of groundwater flow with radiocarbon. In: Isotopes in Hydrology. IAEA, Vienna, pp. 355-369.
70. Vogel, J.S., Southen, J.R. and Nelson, D.E., 1987. Catalyst and binder effects in the use of filamentous graphite for AMS. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., B29: 50-56.
71. Walker, F.W., Parrington, J.R. and Feiner, F., 1989. Nuclides and Isotopes. General Electric Co. Nuclear Energy Operations, San Jose, CA.
72. Waring, G.A., 1915. Springs of California. U.S., Geol. Surv., Water-Supply Pap. 338.
73. Wills, C.J., 1991. Active faults north of Lassen Volcanic National Park, northern California. Calif. Geol., 44: 51-58.
74. Wormald, B., 1968. Well water standards, Shasta County. Calif., Dep. Water Resour., Bull. 74-8.