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1
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84919296271
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For the purposes of this research, land use and land cover are being combined in empirical measurements. It should be noted that while land use and land cover are recognized as separate entities, they have been combined in this study in order to comply with standard land measurement conventions and to use existing digital data. This decision is appropriate for the level of detail addressed in this study. However, finer levels of inquiry would most likely need to use separate measures of land use and land cover and/or to use more detailed levels of the classification scheme (see note 15 below).
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3
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0028172372
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Global land-use/land-cover change: towards an integrated study
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(1994)
Ambio
, vol.23
, Issue.1
, pp. 91-95
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Turner1
Meyer2
Skole3
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4
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34249968478
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Land-use changes in Illinois, USA: the influence of landscape attributes on current and historic land use
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(1988)
Landscape Ecology
, vol.2
, Issue.1
, pp. 45-61
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Iverson1
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7
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84919296270
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Landholder Cooperation for Sustainable Upland Watershed Management: A Theoretical Review of Problems and Prospects
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(1992)
Monograph No 1
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White1
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10
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84919296270
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Landholder Cooperation for Sustainable Upland Watershed Management: A Theoretical Review of Problems and Prospects
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University of Minnesota
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(1992)
Monograph No 1
, pp. 1
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White1
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11
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84919296269
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Roth, N E, Allan, J D and Erickson, D L ‘Assessment of riparian vegetation at multiple spatial scales’ (forthcoming); Kleiman, R E and Erickson, D L ‘Landscape change in an agricultural watershed: the effect of parcelization on riparian forest cover’ (forthcoming); Erickson, D L ‘Landuse and land-cover change in the River Raisin watershed: some good news for stream corridors (with caveats)’ (forthcoming)
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12
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84919296268
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J D ‘Surface water quality management in the River Raisin Watershed: a basin-wide assessment of current policy and possible alternatives’, Un, published, monograph, University of Michigan, School of Natural Resources and Environment
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Manson, C, Bulkley, J and Allan, J D ‘Surface water quality management in the River Raisin Watershed: a basin-wide assessment of current policy and possible alternatives’ Unpublished monograph, University of Michigan, School of Natural Resources and Environment
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Manson1
Bulkley2
Allan3
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13
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84919296267
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Powerful local governments are the effective implementing agencies of land use planning in Michigan. Michigan's strong home-rule statutes place planning powers at the local level - with townships, villages and cities. Coordinated planning at the county or state level is thereby difficult. Therefore watershed planning depends on local initiative and interest in regional issues.
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16
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0003761792
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The US rectangular survey, which organizes land into 10 km × 10 km townships, is the cadastral system under which much of the land of the USA, especially in the Midwest and West, was surveyed in the 19th century. Its legal and philosophical origin is in the Northwest Ordinance of 1785. An excellent history and analysis of this land division system can be found in, Oxford University Press, London
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(1976)
Order Upon the Land
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Johnson1
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17
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84919296265
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Michigan Resource Inventory System (MIRIS) is managed by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources and contains digital information in a geographic information system for the entire state of Michigan. It includes layers by county and townships for soils, roads, land use/cover and other data, all based on aerial photography from 1978/1985.
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19
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0002485865
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Land use dynamics within an urbanizing non-metropolitan county in New York State (USA)
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(1992)
Landscape Ecology
, vol.7
, Issue.4
, pp. 275-289
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LaGro1
DeGloria2
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21
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84919296264
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For consistency, land use designations determined for the 1968 and 1988 layers followed the same protocol as those used in creating the MIRIS database for 1978. In addition, to ensure consistency and accuracy of data, ground truthing was done to verify changes in land use/cover in selected locations. As another check on data quality, a separate process was used in Saline and Manchester townships, using MIRIS 1985 tabular data for Washtenaw County. In Dundee Township 1988 GIS data were available for a similar check, and were found to be consistent with the 1988 data generated in this research.
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23
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84919296263
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US Department of Commerce, Census Files, 1970, 1980, 1990
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24
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84919296262
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For many reasons, an increase in forest cover contributes to ecological soundness. Woody plant cover in an agricultural ecosystem provides biological diversity, erosion prevention, non-point source pollutant filtering, quality-of-life amenities and other benefits. These advantages vary, of course, depending upon the pattern and location of forest cover, the species composition and other variables. Research in the River Raisin is being done at finer levels of scale to address some of these issues.
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25
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84919296261
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United States Census of Agriculture, 1969, 1978, 1987
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26
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84919296260
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These data are available by county, not by township.
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27
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0010636428
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Rural/urban land conversion I estimating the direct and indirect impacts
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(1993)
Urban Geography
, vol.14
, Issue.4
, pp. 323-347
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Pond1
Yeates2
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28
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84919296259
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Erickson, D L ‘Land-use and land-cover change in the River Raisin watershed: some good news for stream corridors (with caveats)’ (forthcoming)
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34
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84919296255
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US Department of Commerce op cit Ref 18
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35
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84919296254
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Mooney, P F ‘Structure and connectivity as measures of sustainability in agroecosystems’ in Marczyk, J S and Johnson, D B (eds) Sustainable Landscapes Canadian Association of Landscape Ecology, Calgary Alberta, Canada, 13–25
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37
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84919296252
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US Department of Commerce op cit Ref 18
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39
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0028172372
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Global land-use/land-cover change: towards an integrated study
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(1994)
Ambio
, vol.23
, Issue.1
, pp. 91-95
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Turner1
Meyer2
Skole3
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40
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0347667991
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Rethinking regional planning
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(1993)
Society
, vol.30
, Issue.6
, pp. 46-54
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Popper1
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44
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0010636428
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Rural/urban land conversion l estimating the direct and indirect impacts
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(1993)
Urban Geography
, vol.14
, Issue.4
, pp. 323-347
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Pond1
Yeates2
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46
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0002875425
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Landscape dynamics and farming systems: problems of relating patterns and predicting ecological changes
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RGH Bunce, L Ryszkowski, MG Paoletti, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton
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(1993)
Ecology and Agroecosystems
, pp. 21
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Baudry1
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