The End of Public Space? People's Park, Definitions of the Public, and Democracy

Annals of the Association of American Geographers

Volumn 85, Issue 1, 1995, Pages 108-133

  Mitchell, Don ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0029482848     PISSN: 00045608     EISSN: 14678306     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8306.1995.tb01797.xa     Document Type: Article

References (98)

1. Auchard, E. 1991. How Did it Happen? A Protest Diary. East Bay Express August 9, 1991:1, 18-23.
2. Bishop, K. 1991. Vouchers Route Money to the Needy Separating Hustlers from the Homeless, New York Times July 26, 1991:A10.
3. Boudreau, J. 1991. The People Grudgingly Give In on Park, Contra Costa Times August 2, 1991:A3 Boyer, C. 1992. Cities for Sale: Merchandising History at South Street Seaport, In Variations on a Theme Park: The New American City and the End of Public Space, ed. M. Sorkin, pp. 181-204. New York: Hill and Wang.
4. Calhoun, C. 1989. Tiananmen, Television and the Public Sphere: Internationalization of Culture and the Beijing Spring of 1989. Public Culture 2:5471.
5. Carpignano, P., Andersen, R., Aronowitz, S., and Di-fazio, W. 1990. Chatter in the Age of Electronic Reproduction: Talk Television and the “Public Mind”, Social Text 25 26: 33-55.
6. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. 1890. General Report of the Commissioners Appointed to Revise and Codify the Laws Relating to the Relief, Care and Maintenance of the Poor in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Harrisburg: Meyer's Printing House.
7. Comett, L. 1993. Beyond Open Space: Answers Come Hard, Boulder (Colorado) Daily Camera September 26, 1993:A9.
8. Crawford, M. 1992. The World in a Shopping Mall, In Variations on a Theme Park: The New American City and the End of Public Space, ed. M. Sorkin, pp. 3-30. New York: Hill and Wang.
9. Crilley, D. 1993. Megastructures and Urban Change: Aesthetics, Ideology and Design. In The Restless Urban Landscape, ed. P. Knox, pp. 127-164. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
10. Davis, M. 1990. City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles, London: Verso.
11. Davis, M. 1992, Fortress Los Angeles: The Militarization of Urban Space, In Variations on a Theme Park: The New American City and the End of Public Space, ed. M. Sorkin, pp. 154-180. New York: Hill and Wang.
12. de Certeau, M. 1984. The Practice of Everyday Life, Berkeley: University of California Press.
13. Deutsche, R. 1990. Architecture of the Evicted, Strategies: A Journal of Theory, Culture and Politics 3: 159-183.
14. Deutsche, R. 1992, Art and Public Space: Questions of Democracy, Social Text 33: 34-53.
15. Dorgan, M. 1985. Hippies Moved from Street to Berkeley Dump, San Jose Mercury-News January 31, 1985:B12.
16. Dubofsky, M. 1988. We Shall Be All: A History of the Industrial Workers of the World, 2nd ed. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
17. Fimrite, P., and Wilson, Y. 1992. Intruder Slain at Home of UC Chancellor, San Francisco Chronicle August 26, 1992:A1, A11.
18. Foner, P. 1965. History of the Labor Movement in the United States, Volume 4: The Industrial Workers of the World, 1905-1917. New York: International Publishers.
19. Fraser, N. 1990. Rethinking the Public Sphere: A Contribution to Actually Existing Democracy, Social Text 25 26: 56-79.
20. Garreau, J. 1991. Edge City: Life on the New Frontier, New York: Doubleday.
21. George, M. 1993. Handout Coupons May Foil Begging for Booze, Smokes. Denver Post March 2, 1993:B4.
22. Glazer, N. 1992. “Subverting the Context”: Public and Space and Public Design, Public Interest 109: 3-21.
23. Goss, J. 1992. Modernity and Postmodernity in the Retail Landscape, In Inventing Places, ed. K. Anderson and F. Gale, pp. 159-177. Melbourne: Longman Scientific.
24. Goss, J. 1993, The “Magic of the Mall”: An Analysis of Form, Function, and Meaning in the Retail Built Environment. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 83: 18-47.
25. Greenberg, K. 1990. The Would-Be Science and Art of Making Public Spaces, Architecture et Comportment/Architecture and Behaviour 6:323338.
26. Habermas, J. 1989. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category, trans. T. Burger with F. Lawrence. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.
27. Harris, B. 1988. Homeless and their Neighbors, Oakland Tribune February 22, 1988:B12.
28. Hartley, J. 1992. The Politics of Pictures: The Creation of the Public in the Age of Popular Media, London: Routledge.
29. Harvey, D. 1989. The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Social Change, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
30. Harvey, D. 1992, Social Justice, Postmodernism and the City. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 16: 588-601.
31. Harvey, D. 1993, From Space to Place and Back Again: Reflections on the Condition of Postmodernity, In Mapping the Futures: Local Cultures Global Change, ed. J. Bird, B. Curtis, T. Putnam, G. Robertson, and L. Tickner, pp. 3-29. London: Routledge.
32. Hershkovitz, L. 1993. Tiananmen Square and the Politics of Place, Political Geography 12:395420.
33. Hillis, K. 1994. The Virtue of Becoming a No-Body, Ecumene 1: 177-196.
34. Howell, P. 1993. Public Space and the Public Sphere: Political Theory and the Historical Geography of Modernity, Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 11: 303-322.
35. Kahn, B. 1991a. People's Park: Is the Fight Over? East Bay Express March 22, 1991:2, 28.
36. Kahn, B. 1991b. Activists and Homeless Haggle Over Future of People's Park, East Bay Express June 14, 1991:3, 29-30.
37. Kahn, B. 1991c. Who's In Charge Here? University Bulldozer Rolls While Council is Out of Town. East Bay Express August 9, 1991:1, 11-13.
38. Koopman, J. 1991. People's Park Protestors Brace for Today, Contra Costa Times August 3, 1991:A1, A13.
39. Kowinski, W. 1985. The Mailing of America: An Inside Look at the Great Consumer Paradise, New York: William Morrow.
40. Lefebvre, H. 1991. The Production of Space, trans. D. Nicholson-Smith. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
41. Leo, J. 1994. Cities Finally Acting to Restore Public Order, Syndicated Column, Universal Press.
42. Levine, H. 1987. Homeless Shelter Closes, San Francisco Examiner May 11, 1987:C1.
43. Los Angeles Times 1988. Eviction of Homeless in Berkeley Sparks Melee, March 17, 1988:13.
44. 1989a. Rally at Berkeley Erupts into Riot, May 21, 1989:13.
45. 1989b. S,F. Clears Park's Tent City of Structures, Not People. July 21, 1989:13.
46. 1990, Compassion for the Homeless Wearing Thin in Bay Area, July 20, 1990:A1.
47. 1991a. Berkeley Bastion, March 13, 1991:A3.
48. 1991b. Temper Tantrums Over Dystopian Nightmare, August 7, 1991:A10.
49. 1992, Play Replaces Protest at People's Park, March 31, 1992:A3.
50. Lowenthal, D. 1985. The Past is a Foreign Country, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
51. Lyford, J. 1982. The Berkeley Archipelago, Chicago: Regnery Gateway.
52. Lynch, A. 1991a. Council Recess Adds to “People's Park” Woes, San Francisco Chronicle August 6, 1991:B1.
53. Lynch, A. 1991b. What They're Saying About People's Park, San Francisco Chronicle August 7, 1991:A11-A12.
54. Lynch, A. 1991c. Police Arrest Protestors at New Volleyball Courts, San Francisco Chronicle August 9, 1991:1, 20.
55. Lynch A., and Dietz, D. 1991. Fewer Recruits for People's Park Wars, San Francisco Chronicle August 2, 1991:A1, A20.
56. Mair, A. 1986. The Homeless and the Post-Industrial City, Political Geography Quarterly 5: 351-368.
57. Marcuse, P. 1988. Neutralizing Homelessness, Socialist Review 18: 69-96.
58. Marston, S. 1990. Who are “The People”: Gender, Citizenship, and the Making of the American Nation. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 8: 449-458.
59. May, M. 1993. Telegraph Ave, Shoppers Report Retail Revival. The Bay Guardian January 9, 1993:9.
60. Mitchell, D. 1992a. Iconography and Locational Conflict from the Underside: Free Speech, People's Park and the Politics of Homelessness in Berkeley, California. Political Geography 11: 152-169. 1992b. Land and Labor: Worker Resistance and the Production of Landscape in Agricultural California Before World War II. Unpublished PhD Dissertation, Department of Geography, Rutgers University.
61. Morgan, E. 1988. Inventing the People: The Rise of Popular Sovereignty in England and America, New York: W.W. Norton.
62. Naughton, E. 1992. Is Cyberspace a Public Forum? Computer Bulletin Boards and State Action. The Georgetown Law Journal 81: 409-441.
63. New York Times. 1988a. A Playground Derelicts Can't Enter, August 20, 1988:A31.
64. 1988b. 29 Trying to Feed Homeless are Arrested in San Francisco. August 30, 1988:A14.
65. 1989a. Violence Flares at Berkeley Park During Event Marking 60's Battle. May 21,1989:1.26.
66. 1989b. New Message to the Homeless: Get Out, August 3, 1989:A14.
67. 1989c. For the Homeless Public Spaces Are Growing Smaller, October 1, 1989:E5.
68. 1991a. Deal is Struck on Fate of Park and Protest Site, March 10, 1991:1.39.
69. 1991b. The Public's Right to Put a Padlock on Public Space, June 3, 1991 :B1.
70. 1991c. Idealism to Decay to Volleyball at People's Park, July 5, 1991:A8.
71. 1992a. Trial to Be a Test on Homeless Living in Parks, June 14, 1992:1.40.
72. 1992b. Judge Orders “Safe Zones” for Homeless, November 18, 1992:A10.
73. Ripton-Turner, C. 1887. A History of Vagrants and Vagrancy and Beggars and Begging, London: Chapman Hill.
74. Rivlin, G. 1991a. People's Park: Construction Zone, East Bay Express August 2, 1991:3, 27.
75. 1991b. Appropriate Force? Reports of Police- Inflicted Injuries Continue to Flow In. East Bay Express August 9, 1991:1, 13-18.
76. Roberts, C. 1994. Girding the Globe: The Boundaries Between People and Countries are Being Erased by Telecommunications, Boulder (Colorado) Daily Camera February 10, 1994:C1.
77. Rorabaugh, W. 1989. Berkeley at War: The 1960s. New York: Oxford University Press.
78. Ruddick, S. 1990. Heterotopias of the Homeless: Strategies and Tactics of Placemaking in Los Angeles, Strategies: A Journal of Theory, Culture, and Politics 3: 184-201.
79. Scarpaci,)., and Frazier, L. 1993. State Terror: Ideology, Protest and the Gendering of Landscapes. Progress in Human Geography 17:1 -21.
80. Scheer, R. 1969. The Dialectics of Confrontation: Who Ripped Off the Park? Ramparts 8 (August):42-53.
81. Schlachter, E. 1993. Cyberspace, the Free Market and the Free Market Place of Ideas: Recognizing Differences in Computer Board Functions. Hastings Communications and Entertainment Law Journal 16: 87-150.
82. Sennett, R. 1992. The Fall of Public Man, New York: W.W. Norton.
83. Smith, N. 1989. Tompkins Square Park, The Portable Lower East Side 6(2):1 -28.
84. Smith, N. 1992a. Contours of a Spatialized Politics: Homeless Vehicles and the Production of Geographical Scale, Social Text 33: 55-81
85. Smith, N. 1992b. New City, New Frontier: The Lower East Side as Wild, Wild West. In Variations on a Theme Park: The New American City and the End of Public Space, ed. M. Sorkin, pp. 61-93. New York: Hill and Wang.
86. Smith, N. 1993, Homeless/Global: Scaling Places, In Mapping the Futures: Local Cultures Global Change, ed. J. Bird, B. Curtis, T. Putnam, G. Robertson, and L. Tickner, pp. 87-119. London: Routledge.
87. Snider, A. 1992. Intruder Slain in House of UC Chief, Contra Costa Times August 26, 1992:A1, A12.
88. Sorkin, M., ed. 1992. Variations on a Theme Park: The New American City and the End of Public Space, New York: Hill and Wang.
89. Stallone, S. 1993. People's Park Protestor Sues UC Over Search, The Bay Guardian January 6, 1993:9.
90. Stern, S. 1987. Activists Seek a Solution Beyond Shelters, Oakland Tribune February 22, 1987:D10.
91. Vaness, A. 1993. Neither Homed nor Homeless: Contested Definitions and the Personal Worlds of the Poor, Political Geography 12: 319-340.
92. Wallace, M. 1989. Mickey Mouse History: Portraying the Past at Disney World, In History Museums in the United States: A Critical Assessment, ed. W. Leon and R. Rosenzweig, pp. 158-180. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
93. Will, G. 1987. Living on the Street: Mentally III Homeless Contribute to Community Decay, Syndicated Column, Washington Post Writer's Group.
94. Wilson, A. 1992. The Culture of Nature: North American Landscape from Disney to the Exxon Valdez, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
95. Wilson, E. 1991. The Sphinx and the City: Urban Life, the Control of Disorder, and Women. Berkeley: University of California Press.
96. Young, I. 1990. Justice and the Politics of Difference, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
97. Zukin, S. 1991. Landscapes of Power: From Detroit to Disney World, Berkeley: University of California Press.
98. Mitchell, Don. 1995. The End of Public Space? People's Park, Definitions of the Public, and Democracy. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 85(1):108-133.