Targeting the mouse genome: a compendium of knockouts (part I)

Current Biology

Volumn 5, Issue 6, 1995, Pages 625-634

  Brandon, E P ^a   Idzerda, R L ^a   McKnight, G S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; FORECASTING; GENE EXPRESSION; GENETICS; GENOME; MOUSE; MOUSE MUTANT; MUTATION; PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT; REVIEW;

ANIMAL; EMBRYO AND FETAL DEVELOPMENT; FORECASTING; GENE EXPRESSION; GENOME; MICE; MICE, KNOCKOUT; MUTATION;

EID: 0029163860     PISSN: 09609822     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0960-9822(95)00127-8     Document Type: Article

References (207)

1. Altering the gene by homologous recombination
2. Gene targeting in embryonic stem cells
3. Altering mice by homologous recombination using embryonic stem cells
4. Gene targeting and development of the nervous system
5. T-cell development and function in gene-knockout mice
6. Gene targeting in ES cells
7. Swaying is a mutant allele of the proto-oncogene Wnt-1
8. Mice with a null mutation of the TGF alpha gene have abnormal skin architecture, wavy hair, and curly whiskers and often develop corneal inflammation
9. TGF alpha deficiency results in hair follicle and eye abnormalities in targeted and waved-1 mice
10. Loss of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase is responsible for the neonatal hepatic dysfunction phenotype of lethal albino mice
11. FGF5 as a regulator of the hair growth cycle: Evidence from targeted and spontaneous mutations
12. Interaction of endothelin-3 with endothelin-B receptor is essential for development of epidermal melanocytes and enteric neurons
13. Targeted and natural (piebald-lethal) mutations of endothelin-B receptor gene produce megacolon associated with spotted coat color in mice
14. Colorectal hyperplasia and inflammation in keratin 8-deficient FVB/N mice
15. Hoxb-4 (Hox-2.6) mutant mice show homeotic transformation of a cervical vertebra and defects in the closure of the sternal rudiments
16. Genetic background alters the spectrum of tumors that develop in p53-deficient mice
17. Hyperuricemia and urate nephropathy in urate oxidase-deficient mice
18. Germ-line transmission of a c-abl mutation produced by targeted gene disruption in ES cells
19. Mice homozygous for the ablm1 mutation show poor viability and depletion of selected B and T cell populations
20. Neonatal lethality and lymphopenia in mice with a homozygous disruption of the c-abl proto-oncogene
21. Impaired long-term potentiation, spatial learning, and hippocampal development in fyn mutant mice
22. Abnormal avoidance learning in mice lacking functional high-affinity nicotine receptor in the brain
23. Sperm from mice carrying a targeted mutation of the acrosin gene can penetrate the oocyte zona pellucida and effect fertilization
24. Functional analysis of activins during mammalian development
25. Activin/inhibin beta B subunit gene disruption leads to defects in eyelid development and female reproduction
26. Different phenotypes for mice deficient in either activins or activin receptor type II
27. A targeted chain-termination mutation in the mouse Apc gene results in multiple intestinal tumors
28. Altered behavior and long-term potentiation in type I adenylyl cyclase mutant mice
29. Degeneration of neural cells in the central nervous system of mice deficient in the gene for the adhesion molecule on Glia the beta 2 subunit of murine NaK-ATPase
30. Behavioral and anatomical deficits in mice homozygous for a modified beta-amyloid precursor protein gene
31. Augiotensinogen-deficient mice with hypotension
32. Marked reduction of high density lipoprotein cholesterol in mice genetically modified to lack apolipoprotein A-1
33. Lack of apoA-I is not associated with increased susceptibility to atherosclerosis in mice
34. Targeted modification of the apolipoprotein B gene results in hypobeta-lipoproteinemia and developmental abnormalities in mice
35. Knockout of the mouse apolipoprotein B gene results in embryonic lethality in homozygotes and protection against diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in heterozygotes
36. Targeted disruption of the apolipoprotein C-III gene in mice results in hypotriglyceridemia and protection from postprandial hypertriglyceridemia
37. Severe hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice created by homologous recombination in ES cells
38. Spontaneous hypercholesterolemia and arterial lesions in mice lacking apolipoprotein E
39. Generation of mice carrying a mutant apolipoprotein E gene inactivated by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells
40. Human apolipoprotein A-1 gene expression increases high density lipoprotein and suppresses atherosclerosis in the apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse
41. ApoE-deficient mice are a model of lipoprotein oxidation in atherogenesis. Demonstration of oxidation-specific epitopes in lesions and high titers of autoantibodies to malondialdehyde-lysine in serum
42. ApoE-deficient mice develop lesions of all phases of atherosclerosis throughout the arterial tree
43. Nerve regeneration occurs in the absence of apolipoprotein E in mice
44. Apolipoprotein AI transgene corrects apolipoprotein E deficiency-induced atherosclerosis in mice
45. Atherosclerosis in mice lacking apo E. Evaluation of lesional development and progression
46. Diet-induced atherosclerosis in mice heterozygous and homozygous for apolipoprotein E gene disruption
47. Prevention of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice by bone marrow transplantation
48. Generation of a mouse model for citrullinemia by targeted disruption of the argininosuccinate synthetase gene
49. Asialoglycoprotein receptor deficiency in mice lacking the minor receptor subunit
50. Genetic decreases in atrial natriuretic peptide and salt-sensitive hypertension
51. Complete block of early B cell differentiation and altered patterning of the posterior midbrain in mice lacking Pax5/BSAP
52. Uncovering of functional alternative CTLA-4 counter-receptor in B7-deficient mice
53. Bcl-2-deficient mice demonstrate fulminant lymphoid apoptosis, polycystic kidneys, and hypopigmented hair
54. Targeted disruption of Bcl-2 alpha beta in mice: occurrence of gray hair, polycystic kidney disease, and lymphocytopenia
55. Massive cell death of immature hematopoietic cells and neurons in Bcl-x-deficient mice
56. Posterior transformation, neurological abnormalities, and severe hematopoietic defects in mice with a targeted deletion of the bmi-1 proto-oncogene
57. Mice lacking brain-derived neurotrophic factor develop with sensory deficits
58. Targeted disruption of the BDNF gene perturbs brain and sensory neuron development but not motor neuron development
59. E-cadherin null mutant embryos fail to form a trophectoderm epithelium
60. A targeted mutation in the mouse E-cadherin gene results in defective preimplantation development
61. Impaired spatial learning in alpha-calcium-calmodulin kinase II mutant mice
62. Deficient hippocampal long-term potentiation in alpha-calcium-calmodulin kinase II mutant mice
63. Abnormal fear response and aggressive behavior in mutant mice deficient for alpha-calcium-calmodulin kinase II
64. The role of calcium-calmodulin kinase II in three forms of synaptic plasticity
65. Milk composition and lactation of beta-casein-deficient mice
66. Development and function of T cells in mice with a disrupted CD2 gene
67. CD2-deficient mice generate virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes upon infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
68. Regulated expression of human CD4 rescues helper T cell development in mice lacking expression of endogenous CD4
69. Normal development and function of CD8+ cells but markedly decreased helper cell activity in mice lacking CD4
70. Helper T cells without CD4: control of leishmaniasis in CD4-deficient mice
71. Helper T-cell development in the absence of CD4–p56lck association
72. CD4+ T-lymphocytes are not required for murine resistance to the human filarial parasite, Brugia malayi.
73. CD4 expression is differentially required for deletion of MLS-1a-reactive T cells
74. Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice lacking CD4+ T cells
75. Class II major histocompatibility complex-restricted T cell function in CD4-deficient mice
76. Enhanced establishment of a virus carrier state in adult CD4+ T-cell-deficient mice
77. Human CD4 restores normal T cell development and function in mice deficient in murine CD4
78. Differential susceptibilities of mice genomically deleted of CD4 and CD8 to infections with Trypanosoma cruzi or Trypanosoma brucei.
79. Maternal transfer of infectious mouse mammary tumor retroviruses does not depend on clonal deletion of superantigen-reactive V beta 14+ T cells
80. Role of infused CD8+ cells in the induction of peripheral tolerance
81. The induction of experimental autoimmune myocarditis in mice lacking CD4 or CD8 molecules
82. CD8 is needed for development of cytotoxic T cells but not helper T cells
83. CD45RA and CD45RBhigh expression induced by thymic selection events
84. Less mortality but more relapses in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in CD8-/-mice
85. Impairment and delay of neutralizing antiviral antibody responses by virus-specific cytotoxic T cells
86. The lack of CD8 alpha cytoplasmic domain resulted in a dramatic decrease in efficiency in thymic maturation but only a moderate reduction in cytotoxic function of CD8+ T lymphocytes
87. Thymic selection of cytotoxic T cells independent of CD8 alpha-Lck association
88. CD8 is needed for positive selection but differentially required for negative selection of T cells during thymic ontogeny
89. CD8 is critically involved in lymphocyte activation by a T. brucei brucei-released molecule
90. Characteristics of fetal thymus-derived T cell receptor gamma delta intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes
91. Reduced thymic maturation but normal effector function of CD8+ T cells in CD8 beta gene-targeted mice
92. Gene targeting yields a CD18-mutant mouse for study of inflammation
93. The absence of IgE antibody-mediated augmentation of immune responses in CD23-deficient mice
94. Differential T cell costimulatory requirements in CD28-deficient mice
95. Humoral immune responses in CD40 ligand-deficient mice
96. Normal B lymphocyte development but impaired T cell maturation in CD45-exon6 protein tyrosine phosphatase-deficient mice
97. Leukocyte common antigen (CD45) is required for immunoglobulin E-mediated degranulation of mast cells
98. The cellular retinoic acid binding protein I is dispensable
99. Disruption of the CNTF gene results in motor neuron degeneration
100. Mice lacking alpha 1 (IX) collagen develop non-inflammatory degenerative joint disease
101. Targeted mutation in the col5a2 gene reveals a regulatory role for type V collagen during matrix assembly
102. Normal long bone growth and development in type X collagen-null mice
103. Cardiac malformation in neonatal mice lacking connexin43
104. Corticotropin-releasing hormone deficiency reveals major fetal but not adult glucocorticoid need
105. Skeletal muscles of mice deficient in muscle creatine kinase lack burst activity
106. Creatine kinase (CK) in skeletal muscle energy metabolism: a study of mouse mutants with graded reduction in muscle CK expression
107. Effects of the creatine analogue beta-guanidinopropionic acid on skeletal muscles of mice deficient in muscle creatine kinase
108. Disruption of the csk gene, encoding a negative regulator of Src family tyrosine kinases, leads to neural tube defects and embryonic lethality in mice
109. Constitutive activation of Src family kinases in mouse embryos that lack Csk
110. Targeted mutation of the CREB gene: compensation within the CREB/ATF family of transcription factors
111. Deficient long-term memory in mice with a targeted mutation of the cAMP-responsive element-binding protein
112. Mice deficient in cystathionine beta-synthase: animal models for mild and severe homocyst(e)inemia
113. Production of a severe cystic fibrosis mutation in mice by gene targeting
114. An animal model for cystic fibrosis made by gene targeting
115. Defective epithelial chloride transport in a gene-targeted mouse model of cystic fibrosis
116. A severe phenotype in mice with a duplication of exon 3 in the cystic fibrosis locus
117. Inactivation of the murine cftr gene abolishes cAMP-mediated but not Ca(2+)-mediated secretagogue-induced volume decrease in small-intestinal crypts
118. Chloride secretion in response to guanylin in colonic epithelial from normal and transgenic cystic fibrosis mice
119. Correction of the ion transport defect in cystic fibrosis transgenic mice by gene therapy
120. CFTR and outward rectifying chloride channels are distinct proteins with a regulatory relationship
121. Correction of lethal intestinal defect in a mouse model of cystic fibrosis by human CFTR
122. Inefficient gene transfer by adenovirus vector to cystic fibrosis airway epithelia of mice and humans
123. Cystic fibrosis heterozygote resistance to cholera toxin in the cystic fibrosis mouse model
124. Cystic fibrosis in the mouse by targeted insertional mutagenesis
125. CFTR and calcium-activated chloride currents in pancreatic duct cells of a transgenic CF mouse
126. Long-term survival of the exon 10 insertional cystic fibrosis mutant mouse is a consequence of low level residual wild-type Cftr gene expression
127. Lung disease in the cystic fibrosis mouse exposed to bacterial pathogens
128. Targeted mutation of the DNA methyltransferase gene results in embryonic lethality
129. Role for DNA methylation in genomic imprinting
130. Deletion of a DNA polymerase beta gene segment in T cells using cell type-specific gene targeting
131. Dopamine D1 receptor mutant mice are deficient in striatal expression of dynorphin and in dopamine-mediated behavioral responses
132. Altered striatal function in a mutant mouse lacking D1A dopamine receptors
133. Elimination of cocaine-induced hyperactivity and dopamine-mediated neurophysiological effects in dopamine D1 receptor mutant mice
134. The helix-loop-helix gene E2A is required for B cell formation
135. E2A proteins are required for proper B cell development and initiation of immunoglobulin gene rearrangements
136. Multiple developmental defects in Engrailed-1 mutant mice: An early mid-hindbrain deletion and patterning defects in forelimbs and sternum
137. Subtle cerebellar phenotype in mice homozygous for a targeted deletion of the En-2 homeobox
138. Abnormal embryonic cerebellar development and patterning of postnatal foliation in two mouse Engrailed-2 mutants
139. Elevated blood pressure and craniofacial abnormalities in mice deficient in endothelin-1
140. Alteration of reproductive function but not prenatal sexual development after insertional disruption of the mouse estrogen receptor gene
141. Targeted disruption of the even-skipped gene, evx1, causes early postimplantation lethality of the mouse conceptus
142. Mice with DNA repair gene (FRCC-1) deficiency have elevated levels of p53, liver nuclear abnormalities and die before weaning
143. FcR gamma chain deletion results in pleiotrophic effector cell defects
144. Functional overlap in the src gene family: inactivation of hck and fgr impairs natural immunity
145. Requirement of FGF-4 for postimplantation mouse development
146. Murine FGFR-1 is required for early postimplantation growth and axial organization
147. fgfr-1 is required for embryonic growth and mesodermal patterning during mouse gastrulation
148. Defects in mesoderm, neural tube and vascular development in mouse embryos lacking fibronectin
149. Fmr1 knockout mice: a model to study fragile X mental retardation
150. Multiple defects and perinatal death in mice deficient in follistatin
151. Pleiotropic effects of a null mutation in the c-fos proto-oncogene
152. Bone and haematopoietic defects in mice lacking c-fos
153. Effect of a null mutation of the c-fos proto-oncogene on sexual behavior of male mice
154. Targeted disruption of the c-fos gene demonstrates c-fos-dependent and -independent pathways for gene expression stimulated by growth factors or oncogenes
155. Normal peripheral T-cell function in c-Fos-deficient mice
156. Behavioral assessment of c-fos mutant mice
157. Mice lacking c-fos have normal hematopoietic stem cells but exhibit altered B-cell differentiation due to an impaired bone marrow environment
158. c-Fos: a key regulator of osteoclast-macrophage lineage determination and bone remodeling
159. A role for Fyn tyrosine kinase in the suckling behaviour of neonatal mice
160. pp59fyn mutant mice display differential signaling in thymocytes and peripheral T cells
161. Initial events of myellination involve Fyn tyrosine kinase signalling
162. Regional locallization of Fyn in adult brain; studies with mice in which fyn gene was replaced by lacZ
163. Impaired neurite outgrowth of src-minus cerebellar neurons on the cell adhesion molecule L1
164. Endothelial cell transformation by polyomavirus middle T antigen in mice lacking Src-related kinases
165. NCAM-dependent neurite outgrowth is inhibited in neurons from Fyn-minus mice
166. Defective T cell receptor signaling in mice lacking the thymic isoform of p59fyn
167. An early haematopoietic defect in mice lacking the transcription factor GATA-2
168. Mice devoid of the glial fibrillary acidic protein develop normally and are susceptible to scrapie prions
169. Lethal thalassemia after insertional disruption of the mouse major adult beta-globin gene
170. Animal model of Gaucher's disease from targeted disruption of the mouse glucocerebrosidase gene
171. Reduced hippocampal long-term potentiation and context-specific deficit in associative learning in mGluR1 mutant mice
172. Deficient cerebellar long-term depression and impaired motor learning in mGluR1 mutant mice
173. Motor deficit and impairment of synaptic plasticity in mice lacking mGluR1
174. Targeted disruption of NMDA receptor 1 gene abolishes NMDA response and results in neonatal death
175. Whisker-related neuronal patterns fail to develop in the trigeminal brainstem nuclei of NMDAR1 knockout mice
176. Reduced hippocampal LTP and spatial learning in mice lacking NMDA receptor epsilon1 subunit
177. Mice lacking granulocyte colony-stimulating factor have chronic neutropenia, granulocyte and macrophage progenitor cell deficiency, and impaired neutrophil mobilization
178. Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor-deficient mice show no major perturbation of hematopoiesis but develop a characteristic pulmonary pathology
179. Involvement of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in pulmonary homeostasis
180. Mice lacking both macrophage- and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor have macrophages and coexistent osteopetrosis and severe lung disease
181. Cytotoxic lymphocytes require granzyme B for the rapid induction of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in allogeneic target cells
182. Neuronal pathfinding is abnormal in mice lacking the neuronal growth cone protein GAP-43
183. Mild dyslipidemia in mice following targeted inactivation of the hepatic lipase gene
184. Scatter factor/hepatocyte growth factor is essential for liver development
185. Placental defect and embryonic lethality in mice lacking hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor
186. The winged-helix transcription factor HNF-3 beta is required for notochord development in the mouse embryo
187. HNF-3 beta is essential for node and notochord formation in mouse development
188. Disruption of the HNF-4 gene, expressed in visceral endoderm, leads to cell death in embryonic ectoderm and impaired gastrulation of mouse embryos
189. Targeted disruption of the Hexa gene results in mice with biochemical and pathologic features of Tay-Sachs disease
190. Hox11 controls the genesis of the spleen
191. Developmental defects of the ear, cranial nerves and hindbrain resulting from targeted disruption of the mouse homeobox gene Hox-1.6
192. Disruption of the Hox-1.6 homeobox gene results in defects in a region corresponding to its rostral domain of expression
193. Loss of Hox-A1 (Hox-1.6) function results in the reorganization of the murine hindbrain
194. Local alterations of Krox-20 and Hox gene expression in the hindbrain suggest lack of rhombomeres 4 and 5 in homozygote null Hoxa-1 (Hox-16) mutant embryos
195. Two rhombomeres are altered in Hoxa-1 mutant mice
196. A homeotic transformation is generated in the rostral branchial region of the head by disruption of Hoxa-2, which acts as a selector gene
197. Hoxa-2 mutant mice exhibit homeotic transformation of skeletal elements derived from cranial neural crest
198. Regionally restricted developmental defects resulting from targeted disruption of the mouse homeobox gene hox-1.5
199. Homeotic-transformation of cervical vertebrae in Hoxa-4 mutant mice
200. Specification of axial identity in the mouse: role of the Hoxa-5 (Hox1.3) gene
201. Homeotic transformations and limb defects in Hox A11 mutant mice
202. Genetic interaction between hoxb-5 and hoxb-6 is revealed by nonallelic noncomplementation
203. Homeosis in the mouse induced by a null mutation in the Hox-3.1 gene
204. Mice homozygous for a targeted disruption of Hoxd-3 (Hox-4.1) exhibit anterior transformations of the first and second cervical vertebrae, the atlas and the axis
205. Axial homeosis and appendicular skeleton defects in mice with a targeted disruption of hoxd-11
206. Axial skeleton homeosis and forelimb malformations in Hoxd-II mutant mice
207. Disruption of the Hoxd-13 gene induces localized heterochrony leading to mice with neotenic limbs