메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 15, Issue 8, 1995, Pages 5448-5465

An emergent model of orientation selectivity in cat visual cortical simple cells

Author keywords

computational neuroscience; cortical circuits; intracortical inhibition; orientation selectivity; recurrent excitation; visual cortex

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CAT; FEEDBACK SYSTEM; LATERAL GENICULATE BODY; MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETINA GANGLION CELL; VISUAL CORTEX; VISUAL ORIENTATION;

EID: 0029160319     PISSN: 02706474     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.15-08-05448.1995     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (694)

References (128)
  • 2
    • 0026286031 scopus 로고
    • Motion selectivity and the contrastresponse function of simple cells in the striate cortex
    • Albrecht DG, Geisler W (1991) Motion selectivity and the contrastresponse function of simple cells in the striate cortex. Vis Neurosci 7:531-546.
    • (1991) Vis Neurosci , vol.7 , pp. 531-546
    • Albrecht, D.G.1    Geisler, W.2
  • 3
    • 0028008839 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic output of physiologically identified spiny stellate neurons in cat visual cortex
    • Anderson JC, Douglas RJ, Martin KAC, Nelson JC (1994a) Synaptic output of physiologically identified spiny stellate neurons in cat visual cortex. J Comp Neurol 341:16-24.
    • (1994) J Comp Neurol , vol.341 , pp. 16-24
    • Anderson, J.C.1    Douglas, R.J.2    Martin, K.A.C.3    Nelson, J.C.4
  • 4
    • 0028008840 scopus 로고
    • Map of the synapses formed with the dendrites of spiny stellate neurons of cat visual cortex
    • Anderson JC, Douglas RJ, Martin KAC, Nelson JC (1994b) Map of the synapses formed with the dendrites of spiny stellate neurons of cat visual cortex. J Comp Neurol 341:25-38.
    • (1994) J Comp Neurol , vol.341 , pp. 25-38
    • Anderson, J.C.1    Douglas, R.J.2    Martin, K.A.C.3    Nelson, J.C.4
  • 5
    • 0020529191 scopus 로고
    • The number of neurons in the different laminae of the binocular and monocular regions of area 17 in the cat
    • Beaulieu C, Colonnier M (1983) The number of neurons in the different laminae of the binocular and monocular regions of area 17 in the cat. J Comp Neurol 217 :337-344.
    • (1983) J Comp Neurol , vol.217 , pp. 337-344
    • Beaulieu, C.1    Colonnier, M.2
  • 6
    • 0021985294 scopus 로고
    • A laminar analysis of the number of round asymmetrical and flat symmetrical synapses on spines, dendritic trunks, and cell bodies in area 17 of the cat
    • Beaulieu C, Colonnier M (1985) A laminar analysis of the number of round asymmetrical and flat symmetrical synapses on spines, dendritic trunks, and cell bodies in area 17 of the cat. J Comp Neurol 231:180-189.
    • (1985) J Comp Neurol , vol.231 , pp. 180-189
    • Beaulieu, C.1    Colonnier, M.2
  • 7
    • 0025219915 scopus 로고
    • Targets and quantitative distribution of GABAergic synapses in the visual cortex of the cat
    • Beaulieu C, Somogyi P (1990) Targets and quantitative distribution of GABAergic synapses in the visual cortex of the cat. Eur J Neurosci 2:296-303.
    • (1990) Eur J Neurosci , vol.2 , pp. 296-303
    • Beaulieu, C.1    Somogyi, P.2
  • 10
    • 0015795356 scopus 로고
    • Receptive fields of simple cells in the cat striate cortex
    • Lond
    • Bishop PO, Coombs JS, Henry GH (1973) Receptive fields of simple cells in the cat striate cortex. J Physiol (Lond) 231:31-60.
    • (1973) J Physiol , vol.231 , pp. 31-60
    • Bishop, P.O.1    Coombs, J.S.2    Henry, G.H.3
  • 11
    • 0024917131 scopus 로고
    • Role of inhibition in the specification of orientation selectivity of cells in the cat striate cortex
    • Bonds AB (1989) Role of inhibition in the specification of orientation selectivity of cells in the cat striate cortex. Vis Neurosci 2:41-55.
    • (1989) Vis Neurosci , vol.2 , pp. 41-55
    • Bonds, A.B.1
  • 12
    • 0005072857 scopus 로고
    • The encoding of cortical contrast gain control
    • (Shapley RM, Lam D-K, eds), Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
    • Bonds AB (1993) The encoding of cortical contrast gain control. In: Contrast sensitivity (Shapley RM, Lam D-K, eds), pp 215-230. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
    • (1993) Contrast Sensitivity , pp. 215-230
    • Bonds, A.B.1
  • 13
    • 0028337584 scopus 로고
    • Effects of inhibition and dendritic saturation in simulated neocortical pyramidal cells
    • Bush PC, Sejnowski TC (1994) Effects of inhibition and dendritic saturation in simulated neocortical pyramidal cells. J Neurophysiol 74: 2183-2193.
    • (1994) J Neurophysiol , vol.74 , pp. 2183-2193
    • Bush, P.C.1    Sejnowski, T.C.2
  • 14
    • 0028278438 scopus 로고
    • Summation and division by neurons in primate visual cortex
    • Carandini M, Heeger DJ (1994) Summation and division by neurons in primate visual cortex. Science 264:1333-1336.
    • (1994) Science , vol.264 , pp. 1333-1336
    • Carandini, M.1    Heeger, D.J.2
  • 15
    • 0026009923 scopus 로고
    • Relation of cortical cell orientation selectivity to alignment of receptive fields of the geniculocortical afferents that arborize within a single orientation column in ferret visual cortex
    • Chapman B, Zahs KR, Stryker MP (1991) Relation of cortical cell orientation selectivity to alignment of receptive fields of the geniculocortical afferents that arborize within a single orientation column in ferret visual cortex. J Neurosci 11:1347-1358.
    • (1991) J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 1347-1358
    • Chapman, B.1    Zahs, K.R.2    Stryker, M.P.3
  • 16
    • 0023920947 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal orientation bias of LGN neurons in strabismic cats
    • Chino YM, Kaplan E (1988) Abnormal orientation bias of LGN neurons in strabismic cats. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 29:644-648.
    • (1988) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.29 , pp. 644-648
    • Chino, Y.M.1    Kaplan, E.2
  • 17
    • 0020375368 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological properties of neocortical neurons in vitro
    • Connors BW, Gutnick MJ, Prince DA (1982) Electrophysiological properties of neocortical neurons in vitro. J Neurophysiol 48:1302-1320.
    • (1982) J Neurophysiol , vol.48 , pp. 1302-1320
    • Connors, B.W.1    Gutnick, M.J.2    Prince, D.A.3
  • 18
    • 0016300557 scopus 로고
    • An intracellular analysis of visual cortical neurons to moving stimuli: Responses in a cooperative neuronal network
    • Creutzfeldt OD, Kuhnt U, Benevento LA (1974a) An intracellular analysis of visual cortical neurons to moving stimuli: responses in a cooperative neuronal network. Exp Brain Res 21:251-274.
    • (1974) Exp Brain Res , vol.21 , pp. 251-274
    • Creutzfeldt, O.D.1    Kuhnt, U.2    Benevento, L.A.3
  • 19
    • 0016280616 scopus 로고
    • Vertical organization in the visual cortex (area 17)
    • Creutzfeldt OD, Innocenti G, Brooks D (1974b) Vertical organization in the visual cortex (area 17). Exp Brain Res 21:315-336.
    • (1974) Exp Brain Res , vol.21 , pp. 315-336
    • Creutzfeldt, O.D.1    Innocenti, G.2    Brooks, D.3
  • 20
    • 0026608293 scopus 로고
    • GABA-induced inactivation of functionally characterized sites in cat visual cortex (area 18): Effects on orientation tuning
    • Crook JM, Eysel UT (1992) GABA-induced inactivation of functionally characterized sites in cat visual cortex (area 18): effects on orientation tuning. J Neurosci 12:1816-1825.
    • (1992) J Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 1816-1825
    • Crook, J.M.1    Eysel, U.T.2
  • 21
    • 0022613266 scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing the temporal phase of response to bar and grating stimuli for simple cells in the cat striate cortex
    • Dean AF, Tolhurst DJ (1986) Factors influencing the temporal phase of response to bar and grating stimuli for simple cells in the cat striate cortex. Exp Brain Res 62:143-151.
    • (1986) Exp Brain Res , vol.62 , pp. 143-151
    • Dean, A.F.1    Tolhurst, D.J.2
  • 22
    • 0026742559 scopus 로고
    • Organization of suppression in receptive fields of neurons in cat visual cortex
    • DeAngelis GC, Robson JG, Ohzawa I, Freeman RD (1992) Organization of suppression in receptive fields of neurons in cat visual cortex. J Neurophysiol 68:144-163.
    • (1992) J Neurophysiol , vol.68 , pp. 144-163
    • Deangelis, G.C.1    Robson, J.G.2    Ohzawa, I.3    Freeman, R.D.4
  • 23
    • 0025885331 scopus 로고
    • Excitation by geniculocortical synapses is not "vetoed" at the level of dendritic spines in cat visual cortex
    • Lond
    • Dehay C, Douglas RJ, Martin KAC, Nelson C (1991) Excitation by geniculocortical synapses is not "vetoed" at the level of dendritic spines in cat visual cortex. J Physiol (Lond) 440:723-734.
    • (1991) J Physiol , vol.440 , pp. 723-734
    • Dehay, C.1    Douglas, R.J.2    Martin, K.A.C.3    Nelson, C.4
  • 24
    • 0025818252 scopus 로고
    • A functional microcircuit for cat visual cortex
    • Lond
    • Douglas RJ, Martin KAC (1991) A functional microcircuit for cat visual cortex. J Physiol (Lond) 440:735-769.
    • (1991) J Physiol , vol.440 , pp. 735-769
    • Douglas, R.J.1    Martin, K.A.C.2
  • 25
    • 0023924791 scopus 로고
    • Selective responses of visual cortical neurones do not depend on shunting inhibition
    • Douglas RJ, Martin KAC, Whitteridge D (1988) Selective responses of visual cortical neurones do not depend on shunting inhibition. Nature 332:642-644.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.332 , pp. 642-644
    • Douglas, R.J.1    Martin, K.A.C.2    Whitteridge, D.3
  • 26
    • 0025894807 scopus 로고
    • An intracellular analysis of the visual responses of neurones in cat visual cortex
    • Lond
    • Douglas RJ, Martin KAC, Whitteridge D (1991a) An intracellular analysis of the visual responses of neurones in cat visual cortex. J Physiol (Lond) 44:659-696.
    • (1991) J Physiol , vol.44 , pp. 659-696
    • Douglas, R.J.1    Martin, K.A.C.2    Whitteridge, D.3
  • 28
    • 0023180457 scopus 로고
    • Pattern of lateral geniculate synapses on neuron somata in layer IV of the cat striate cortex
    • Einstein G, Davis TL, Sterling P (1987) Pattern of lateral geniculate synapses on neuron somata in layer IV of the cat striate cortex. J Comp Neurol 260:76-86.
    • (1987) J Comp Neurol , vol.260 , pp. 76-86
    • Einstein, G.1    Davis, T.L.2    Sterling, P.3
  • 29
    • 0020806186 scopus 로고
    • Spatio-temporal interactions in cat retinal ganglion cells showing linear spatial summation
    • Lond
    • Enroth-Cugell C, Robson JG, Schweizer-Tong DE, Watson AB (1983) Spatio-temporal interactions in cat retinal ganglion cells showing linear spatial summation. J Physiol (Lond) 341:279-307.
    • (1983) J Physiol , vol.341 , pp. 279-307
    • Enroth-Cugell, C.1    Robson, J.G.2    De Schweizer-Tong3    Watson, A.B.4
  • 30
    • 0025336488 scopus 로고
    • GABA-induced remote inactivation reveals cross-orientation inhibition in the cat striate cortex
    • Eysel UT, Crook JM, Machemer HF (1990) GABA-induced remote inactivation reveals cross-orientation inhibition in the cat striate cortex. Exp Brain Res 80:626-630.
    • (1990) Exp Brain Res , vol.80 , pp. 626-630
    • Eysel, U.T.1    Crook, J.M.2    Machemer, H.F.3
  • 31
    • 0022470841 scopus 로고
    • Orientation selectivity of synaptic potentials in neurons of cat primary visual cortex
    • Ferster D (1986) Orientation selectivity of synaptic potentials in neurons of cat primary visual cortex. J Neurosci 6:1284-1301.
    • (1986) J Neurosci , vol.6 , pp. 1284-1301
    • Ferster, D.1
  • 32
    • 0023253555 scopus 로고
    • Origin of orientation-selective EPSPs in simple cells of the cat visual cortex
    • Ferster D (1987) Origin of orientation-selective EPSPs in simple cells of the cat visual cortex. J Neurosci 7:1780-1791.
    • (1987) J Neurosci , vol.7 , pp. 1780-1791
    • Ferster, D.1
  • 33
    • 0027958923 scopus 로고
    • Linearity of synaptic interactions in the assembly of receptive fields in cat visual cortex
    • Ferster D (1994) Linearity of synaptic interactions in the assembly of receptive fields in cat visual cortex. Curr Opin Neurobiol 4:563-568.
    • (1994) Curr Opin Neurobiol , vol.4 , pp. 563-568
    • Ferster, D.1
  • 34
    • 0026545461 scopus 로고
    • EPSP-IPSP interactions in cat visual cortex studied with in vivo whole-cell patch recording
    • Ferster D, Jagadeesh B (1992) EPSP-IPSP interactions in cat visual cortex studied with in vivo whole-cell patch recording. J Neurosci 12:1262-1274.
    • (1992) J Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 1262-1274
    • Ferster, D.1    Jagadeesh, B.2
  • 35
    • 0001337427 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal connections underlying orientation selectivity in cat visual cortex
    • Ferster D, Koch C (1987) Neuronal connections underlying orientation selectivity in cat visual cortex. Trends Neurosci 10:487-492.
    • (1987) Trends Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 487-492
    • Ferster, D.1    Koch, C.2
  • 36
    • 0022361721 scopus 로고
    • Innervation of cat visual areas 17 and 18 by physiologically identified X- And Y-type thalamic afferents. II. Identification of postsynaptic targets by GABA immunocytochemistry and golgi impregnation
    • Freund TF, Martin KAC, Somogyi P, Whitteridge D (1985) Innervation of cat visual areas 17 and 18 by physiologically identified X- and Y-type thalamic afferents. II. Identification of postsynaptic targets by GABA immunocytochemistry and golgi impregnation. J Comp Neurol 242:275-291.
    • (1985) J Comp Neurol , vol.242 , pp. 275-291
    • Freund, T.F.1    Martin, K.A.C.2    Somogyi, P.3    Whitteridge, D.4
  • 37
    • 0022624619 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative distribution of GABA-immunoreceptive neurons in the visual cortex (area 17) of the cat
    • Gabbott PLA, Somogyi P (1986) Quantitative distribution of GABA-immunoreceptive neurons in the visual cortex (area 17) of the cat. Exp Brain Res 61:323-331.
    • (1986) Exp Brain Res , vol.61 , pp. 323-331
    • Gabbott, P.L.A.1    Somogyi, P.2
  • 38
    • 0015221238 scopus 로고
    • An experimental study of the termination of the lateral geniculo-cortical pathway in the cat and monkey
    • Garey LJ, Powell TPS (1971) An experimental study of the termination of the lateral geniculo-cortical pathway in the cat and monkey. Proc R Soc Lond [Biol] 179:41-63.
    • (1971) Proc R Soc Lond [Biol] , vol.179 , pp. 41-63
    • Garey, L.J.1    Powell, T.P.S.2
  • 39
    • 0028030354 scopus 로고
    • Local intracortical connections in the cat's visual cortex: Postnatal development and plasticity
    • Ghose GM, Freeman RD, Ohzawa I (1994) Local intracortical connections in the cat's visual cortex: postnatal development and plasticity. J Neurophysiol 72:1290-1303.
    • (1994) J Neurophysiol , vol.72 , pp. 1290-1303
    • Ghose, G.M.1    Freeman, R.D.2    Ohzawa, I.3
  • 40
    • 0020540349 scopus 로고
    • Clustered intrinsic connections in cat visual cortex
    • Gilbert CD, Wiesel TN (1983) Clustered intrinsic connections in cat visual cortex. J Neurosci 3:1116-1133.
    • (1983) J Neurosci , vol.3 , pp. 1116-1133
    • Gilbert, C.D.1    Wiesel, T.N.2
  • 41
    • 84961365499 scopus 로고
    • Contour enhancement, short-term memory, and constancies in reverberating neural networks
    • Grossberg S (1973) Contour enhancement, short-term memory, and constancies in reverberating neural networks. Stud Appl Math 52: 217-257.
    • (1973) Stud Appl Math , vol.52 , pp. 217-257
    • Grossberg, S.1
  • 42
    • 84971173743 scopus 로고
    • The quantized geometry of visual space: The coherent computation of depth, form, and lightness
    • Grossberg S (1983) The quantized geometry of visual space: the coherent computation of depth, form, and lightness. Behav Brain Sci 6:625-692.
    • (1983) Behav Brain Sci , vol.6 , pp. 625-692
    • Grossberg, S.1
  • 43
    • 0023103880 scopus 로고
    • Neural dynamics of surface perception: Boundary webs, illuminants, and shape-from-shading
    • Grossberg S, Mingolla E (1987) Neural dynamics of surface perception: boundary webs, illuminants, and shape-from-shading. Comput Vis Graph Image Process 37:116-165.
    • (1987) Comput Vis Graph Image Process , vol.37 , pp. 116-165
    • Grossberg, S.1    Mingolla, E.2
  • 44
    • 0028573449 scopus 로고
    • Rules for the cortical map of ocular dominance and orientation columns
    • Grossberg S, Olson SJ (1994) Rules for the cortical map of ocular dominance and orientation columns. Neural Networks 7:883-894.
    • (1994) Neural Networks , vol.7 , pp. 883-894
    • Grossberg, S.1    Olson, S.J.2
  • 45
    • 0023696665 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition contributes to orientation selectivity in visual cortex of cat
    • Hata Y, Tsumoto T, Sato H, Hagihara K, Tamura H (1988) Inhibition contributes to orientation selectivity in visual cortex of cat. Nature 335:815-817.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.335 , pp. 815-817
    • Hata, Y.1    Tsumoto, T.2    Sato, H.3    Hagihara, K.4    Tamura, H.5
  • 46
    • 0026904517 scopus 로고
    • Normalization of cell responses in cat striate cortex
    • Heeger DJ (1992) Normalization of cell responses in cat striate cortex. Vis Neurosci 9:181-197.
    • (1992) Vis Neurosci , vol.9 , pp. 181-197
    • Heeger, D.J.1
  • 47
    • 0019473761 scopus 로고
    • Receptive field organization of simple cells in cat striate cortex
    • Heggelund P (1981) Receptive field organization of simple cells in cat striate cortex. Exp Brain Res 42:89-98.
    • (1981) Exp Brain Res , vol.42 , pp. 89-98
    • Heggelund, P.1
  • 48
    • 0022557249 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative studies of the discharge fields of single cells in cat striate cortex
    • Lond
    • Heggelund P (1986) Quantitative studies of the discharge fields of single cells in cat striate cortex. J Physiol (Lond) 373:277-292.
    • (1986) J Physiol , vol.373 , pp. 277-292
    • Heggelund, P.1
  • 49
    • 0016279540 scopus 로고
    • Effects of glutamate and GABA on specific response properties of neurons in the visual cortex
    • Hess R, Murata K (1974) Effects of glutamate and GABA on specific response properties of neurons in the visual cortex. Exp Brain Res 21:285-297.
    • (1974) Exp Brain Res , vol.21 , pp. 285-297
    • Hess, R.1    Murata, K.2
  • 50
    • 0026496388 scopus 로고
    • Activation and desensitization of glutamate-activated channels mediating fast excitatory synaptic currents in the visual cortex
    • Hestrin S (1992) Activation and desensitization of glutamate-activated channels mediating fast excitatory synaptic currents in the visual cortex. Neuron 9:991-999.
    • (1992) Neuron , vol.9 , pp. 991-999
    • Hestrin, S.1
  • 51
    • 0019483637 scopus 로고
    • The thalamic projection to the cat visual cortex: Ultrastructure of neurons identified by Golgi impregnation or retrograde horseradish peroxidase transport
    • Hornung JP, Garey LJ (1981) The thalamic projection to the cat visual cortex: ultrastructure of neurons identified by Golgi impregnation or retrograde horseradish peroxidase transport. Neuroscience 6:1053-1068.
    • (1981) Neuroscience , vol.6 , pp. 1053-1068
    • Hornung, J.P.1    Garey, L.J.2
  • 52
    • 0021273869 scopus 로고
    • Receptive field properties in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus in the absence of on-center retinal input
    • Horton JC, Sherk H (1984) Receptive field properties in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus in the absence of on-center retinal input. J Neurosci 4:374-380.
    • (1984) J Neurosci , vol.4 , pp. 374-380
    • Horton, J.C.1    Sherk, H.2
  • 53
    • 0001331725 scopus 로고
    • Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex
    • Lond
    • Hubel DH, Wiesel TN (1962) Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. J Physiol (Lond) 165:559-568.
    • (1962) J Physiol , vol.165 , pp. 559-568
    • Hubel, D.H.1    Wiesel, T.N.2
  • 54
    • 0027763316 scopus 로고
    • Linearity of summation of synaptic potentials underlying direction selectivity of simple cells of the cat visual cortex
    • Jagadeesh B, Wheat HS, Ferster D (1993) Linearity of summation of synaptic potentials underlying direction selectivity of simple cells of the cat visual cortex. Science 262:1901-1904.
    • (1993) Science , vol.262 , pp. 1901-1904
    • Jagadeesh, B.1    Wheat, H.S.2    Ferster, D.3
  • 55
    • 0023604532 scopus 로고
    • The two-dimensional spatial structure of simple receptive fields in cat striate cortex
    • Jones JP, Palmer LA (1987) The two-dimensional spatial structure of simple receptive fields in cat striate cortex. J Neurophysiol 58:1187-1211.
    • (1987) J Neurophysiol , vol.58 , pp. 1187-1211
    • Jones, J.P.1    Palmer, L.A.2
  • 56
    • 0023630519 scopus 로고
    • Contrast affects the transmission of visual information through the mammalian lateral geniculate nucleus
    • Lond
    • Kaplan E, Purpura K, Shapley RM (1987) Contrast affects the transmission of visual information through the mammalian lateral geniculate nucleus. J Physiol (Lond) 391:267-288.
    • (1987) J Physiol , vol.391 , pp. 267-288
    • Kaplan, E.1    Purpura, K.2    Shapley, R.M.3
  • 57
    • 0022380780 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic connections of intracellularly filled clutch neurons, a type of small basket neuron in the visual cortex of the cat
    • Kisvàrday ZF, Martin KAC, Whitteridge D, Somogyi P (1985) Synaptic connections of intracellularly filled clutch neurons, a type of small basket neuron in the visual cortex of the cat. J Comp Neurol 241:111-137.
    • (1985) J Comp Neurol , vol.241 , pp. 111-137
    • Kisvàrday, Z.F.1    Martin, K.A.C.2    Whitteridge, D.3    Somogyi, P.4
  • 58
    • 0027446530 scopus 로고
    • Network of GABAergic large basket cells in cat visual cortex (area 18): Implication for lateral disinhibition
    • Kisvàrday ZF, Beaulieu C, Eysel UT (1993) Network of GABAergic large basket cells in cat visual cortex (area 18): implication for lateral disinhibition. J Comp Neurol 327:398-415.
    • (1993) J Comp Neurol , vol.327 , pp. 398-415
    • Kisvàrday, Z.F.1    Beaulieu, C.2    Eysel, U.T.3
  • 59
    • 0042507266 scopus 로고
    • The synaptic veto mechanism: Does it underlie direction and orientation selectivity in the visual cortex?
    • (Rose DR, Dobson VG, eds), New York: Wiley
    • Koch C, Poggio T (1985) The synaptic veto mechanism: does it underlie direction and orientation selectivity in the visual cortex? In: Models of the visual cortex (Rose DR, Dobson VG, eds), pp 408-419. New York: Wiley.
    • (1985) Models of the Visual Cortex , pp. 408-419
    • Koch, C.1    Poggio, T.2
  • 60
    • 0025442603 scopus 로고
    • Visibility of synaptically induced conductance changes: Theory and simulations of anatomically characterized cortical pyramidal cells
    • Koch C, Douglas RJ, Wehmeier U (1990) Visibility of synaptically induced conductance changes: theory and simulations of anatomically characterized cortical pyramidal cells. J Neurosci 10:1728-1744.
    • (1990) J Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 1728-1744
    • Koch, C.1    Douglas, R.J.2    Wehmeier, U.3
  • 62
    • 0023831286 scopus 로고
    • Intracortical connectivity revealed by spike-triggered averaging in slice preparations of cat visual cortex
    • Komatsu Y, Nakajima S, Toyama K, Fetz E (1988) Intracortical connectivity revealed by spike-triggered averaging in slice preparations of cat visual cortex. Brain Res 442:359-362.
    • (1988) Brain Res , vol.442 , pp. 359-362
    • Komatsu, Y.1    Nakajima, S.2    Toyama, K.3    Fetz, E.4
  • 63
    • 0023025510 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic organization of claustral and geniculate afferents to the visual cortex of the cat
    • LeVay S (1986) Synaptic organization of claustral and geniculate afferents to the visual cortex of the cat. J Neurosci 6:3564-3575.
    • (1986) J Neurosci , vol.6 , pp. 3564-3575
    • LeVay, S.1
  • 64
    • 0017065889 scopus 로고
    • Laminar patterns of geniculocortical projection in the cat
    • LeVay S, Gilbert CD (1976) Laminar patterns of geniculocortical projection in the cat. Brain Res 113:1-19.
    • (1976) Brain Res , vol.113 , pp. 1-19
    • LeVay, S.1    Gilbert, C.D.2
  • 65
    • 0019946144 scopus 로고
    • Receptive field properties of X and Y cells in the cat retina derived from contrast sensitivity measurements
    • Linsenmeier RA, Frishman LJ, Jakiela HG, Enroth-Cugell C (1982) Receptive field properties of X and Y cells in the cat retina derived from contrast sensitivity measurements. Vision Res 22:1173-1183.
    • (1982) Vision Res , vol.22 , pp. 1173-1183
    • Linsenmeier, R.A.1    Frishman, L.J.2    Jakiela, H.G.3    Enroth-Cugell, C.4
  • 66
    • 0020586552 scopus 로고
    • Activity of cells in area 17 of the cat in absence of input from layer A of lateral geniculate nucleus
    • Malpeli JG (1983) Activity of cells in area 17 of the cat in absence of input from layer A of lateral geniculate nucleus. J Neurophysiol 49: 595-610.
    • (1983) J Neurophysiol , vol.49 , pp. 595-610
    • Malpeli, J.G.1
  • 67
    • 0023019630 scopus 로고
    • Cat area 17. I. Pattern of thalamic control of cortical layers
    • Malpeli JG, Lee C, Schwark HD, Weyand TG (1986) Cat area 17. I. Pattern of thalamic control of cortical layers. J Neurophysiol 56: 1062-1073.
    • (1986) J Neurophysiol , vol.56 , pp. 1062-1073
    • Malpeli, J.G.1    Lee, C.2    Schwark, H.D.3    Weyand, T.G.4
  • 69
    • 0023707335 scopus 로고
    • From single cells to simple circuits in the cerebral cortex
    • Martin KAC (1988) From single cells to simple circuits in the cerebral cortex. Q J Exp Physiol 73:637-702.
    • (1988) Q J Exp Physiol , vol.73 , pp. 637-702
    • Martin, K.A.C.1
  • 70
    • 0026044988 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic transmission between individual pyramidal neurons of the rat visual cortex in vitro
    • Mason A, Nicoll A, Stratford K (1991) Synaptic transmission between individual pyramidal neurons of the rat visual cortex in vitro. J Neurosci 11:72-84.
    • (1991) J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 72-84
    • Mason, A.1    Nicoll, A.2    Stratford, K.3
  • 71
    • 0023340404 scopus 로고
    • Anatomical projections and physiological correlates of the intrinsic connections in cat area 18
    • Matsubara JA, Cynader MS, Swindale NV (1987) Anatomical projections and physiological correlates of the intrinsic connections in cat area 18. J Neurosci 7:1428-1446.
    • (1987) J Neurosci , vol.7 , pp. 1428-1446
    • Matsubara, J.A.1    Cynader, M.S.2    Swindale, N.V.3
  • 72
    • 0022249586 scopus 로고
    • Comparative electrophysiology of physiology of pyramidal and sparsely spiny stellate neurons of the neocortex
    • McCormick DA, Connors BW, Lighthall JW, Prince DA (1985) Comparative electrophysiology of physiology of pyramidal and sparsely spiny stellate neurons of the neocortex. J Neurophysiol 54:782-806.
    • (1985) J Neurophysiol , vol.54 , pp. 782-806
    • McCormick, D.A.1    Connors, B.W.2    Lighthall, J.W.3    Prince, D.A.4
  • 74
    • 0026513935 scopus 로고
    • Development of orientation columns via competition between on- And off-center inputs
    • Miller KD (1992) Development of orientation columns via competition between on- and off-center inputs. Neuroreport 3:73-76.
    • (1992) Neuroreport , vol.3 , pp. 73-76
    • Miller, K.D.1
  • 75
    • 0028157133 scopus 로고
    • A model for the development of simple cell receptive fields and the ordered arrangement of orientation columns through activity-dependent competition between on- And off-center inputs
    • Miller KD (1994) A model for the development of simple cell receptive fields and the ordered arrangement of orientation columns through activity-dependent competition between on- and off-center inputs. J Neurosci 14:409-441.
    • (1994) J Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 409-441
    • Miller, K.D.1
  • 76
    • 0020467624 scopus 로고
    • Functional implications of cross-orientation inhibition of visual cortical cells. I. Neurophysiological evidence
    • Morrone MC, Burr DC, Maffei L (1982) Functional implications of cross-orientation inhibition of visual cortical cells. I. Neurophysiological evidence. Proc R Soc Lond [Biol] 216:335-354.
    • (1982) Proc R Soc Lond [Biol] , vol.216 , pp. 335-354
    • Morrone, M.C.1    Burr, D.C.2    Maffei, L.3
  • 77
    • 0018196452 scopus 로고
    • Spatial summation in the receptive fields of simple cells in the cat's striate cortex
    • Lond
    • Movshon JA, Thompson ID, Tolhurst DJ (1978) Spatial summation in the receptive fields of simple cells in the cat's striate cortex. J Physiol (Lond) 283:53-77.
    • (1978) J Physiol , vol.283 , pp. 53-77
    • Movshon, J.A.1    Thompson, I.D.2    Tolhurst, D.J.3
  • 78
    • 0025993101 scopus 로고
    • Temporal interactions in the cat visual system. III. Pharmacological studies of cortical suppression suggest a presynaptic mechanism
    • Nelson SB (1991) Temporal interactions in the cat visual system. III. Pharmacological studies of cortical suppression suggest a presynaptic mechanism. J Neurosci 11:369-380.
    • (1991) J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 369-380
    • Nelson, S.B.1
  • 79
    • 0041980899 scopus 로고
    • Short-term plasticity of minimal synaptic currents in visual cortical neurons
    • Nelson SB, Smetters DK (1993) Short-term plasticity of minimal synaptic currents in visual cortical neurons. Soc Neurosci Abstr 19:263.7.
    • (1993) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.19
    • Nelson, S.B.1    Smetters, D.K.2
  • 80
    • 0028023437 scopus 로고
    • Orientation selectivity of cortical neurons persists during intracellular blockade of inhibition
    • Nelson SB, Toth LJ, Sheth B, Sur M (1994) Orientation selectivity of cortical neurons persists during intracellular blockade of inhibition. Science 265:774-777.
    • (1994) Science , vol.265 , pp. 774-777
    • Nelson, S.B.1    Toth, L.J.2    Sheth, B.3    Sur, M.4
  • 82
    • 0019475821 scopus 로고
    • Receptive-field structure in cat striate cortex
    • Palmer LA, Davis TL (1981) Receptive-field structure in cat striate cortex. J Neurophysiol 46:260-276.
    • (1981) J Neurophysiol , vol.46 , pp. 260-276
    • Palmer, L.A.1    Davis, T.L.2
  • 83
    • 0027986749 scopus 로고
    • Receptive field analysis and orientation selectivity of postsynaptic potentials of simple cells in cat visual cortex
    • Pei X, Vidyasagar TR, Volgushev M, Creutzfeldt OD (1994) Receptive field analysis and orientation selectivity of postsynaptic potentials of simple cells in cat visual cortex. J Neurosci 14:7130-7140.
    • (1994) J Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 7130-7140
    • Pei, X.1    Vidyasagar, T.R.2    Volgushev, M.3    Creutzfeldt, O.D.4
  • 84
    • 0018333798 scopus 로고
    • Size, scatter and coverage of ganglion cell receptive field centers in the cat retina
    • Lond
    • Peichl L, Wässle H (1979) Size, scatter and coverage of ganglion cell receptive field centers in the cat retina. J Physiol (Lond) 291:117-141.
    • (1979) J Physiol , vol.291 , pp. 117-141
    • Peichl, L.1    Wässle, H.2
  • 85
    • 0027536020 scopus 로고
    • Numerical relationships between geniculocortical afferents and pyramidal cell modules in cat primary visual cortex
    • Peters A, Payne BR (1993) Numerical relationships between geniculocortical afferents and pyramidal cell modules in cat primary visual cortex. Cereb Cortex 3:69-78.
    • (1993) Cereb Cortex , vol.3 , pp. 69-78
    • Peters, A.1    Payne, B.R.2
  • 86
    • 0027411129 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal organization in area 17 of cat visual cortex
    • Peters A, Yilmaz E (1993) Neuronal organization in area 17 of cat visual cortex. Cereb Cortex 3:49-68.
    • (1993) Cereb Cortex , vol.3 , pp. 49-68
    • Peters, A.1    Yilmaz, E.2
  • 87
    • 0017181256 scopus 로고
    • Visual control of orienting behavior in the fly. II. Towards the underlying neural interactions
    • Poggio T, Reichardt WE (1976) Visual control of orienting behavior in the fly. II. Towards the underlying neural interactions. Q Rev Biophys 9:377-438.
    • (1976) Q Rev Biophys , vol.9 , pp. 377-438
    • Poggio, T.1    Reichardt, W.E.2
  • 89
    • 0022518408 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of inhibition in orientation and spatial frequency selectivity of cat visual cortex
    • Ramoa AS, Shadlen M, Skottun BC, Freeman RD (1986) A comparison of inhibition in orientation and spatial frequency selectivity of cat visual cortex. Nature 321:237-239.
    • (1986) Nature , vol.321 , pp. 237-239
    • Ramoa, A.S.1    Shadlen, M.2    Skottun, B.C.3    Freeman, R.D.4
  • 90
    • 0023463867 scopus 로고
    • Linear mechanisms of direction selectivity in simple cells of cat striate cortex
    • Reid, RC, Soodak RE, Shapley RM (1987) Linear mechanisms of direction selectivity in simple cells of cat striate cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:8740-8744.
    • (1987) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.84 , pp. 8740-8744
    • Reid, R.C.1    Soodak, R.E.2    Shapley, R.M.3
  • 91
    • 0020050840 scopus 로고
    • A model for the temporal organization of X- And Y- type receptive fields in the primate retina
    • Richter J, Ullman S (1982) A model for the temporal organization of X- and Y- type receptive fields in the primate retina. Biol Cybern 43:127-145.
    • (1982) Biol Cybern , vol.43 , pp. 127-145
    • Richter, J.1    Ullman, S.2
  • 92
    • 0013799093 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of receptive fields of cat retinal ganglion cells
    • Rodieck RW, Stone J (1965) Analysis of receptive fields of cat retinal ganglion cells. J Neurophysiol 28:833-849.
    • (1965) J Neurophysiol , vol.28 , pp. 833-849
    • Rodieck, R.W.1    Stone, J.2
  • 93
    • 0025273331 scopus 로고
    • Cat and monkey cortical columnar patterns modeled by band-pass-filtered 2d white noise
    • Rojer A, Schwartz EL (1990) Cat and monkey cortical columnar patterns modeled by band-pass-filtered 2d white noise. Biol Cybern 62: 381-391.
    • (1990) Biol Cybern , vol.62 , pp. 381-391
    • Rojer, A.1    Schwartz, E.L.2
  • 94
    • 0019944731 scopus 로고
    • Central connections of the retinal on and off pathways
    • Schiller P (1982) Central connections of the retinal ON and OFF pathways. Nature 297:580-583.
    • (1982) Nature , vol.297 , pp. 580-583
    • Schiller, P.1
  • 95
    • 0019989142 scopus 로고
    • Orientation selectivity in the cat's striate cortex is invariant with stimulus contrast
    • Sclar G, Freeman RD (1982) Orientation selectivity in the cat's striate cortex is invariant with stimulus contrast. Exp Brain Res 46:457-461.
    • (1982) Exp Brain Res , vol.46 , pp. 457-461
    • Sclar, G.1    Freeman, R.D.2
  • 96
    • 0028024043 scopus 로고
    • Noise, neural codes and cortical organization
    • Shadlen M, Newsome W (1994) Noise, neural codes and cortical organization. Curr Opin Neurobiol 4:569-579.
    • (1994) Curr Opin Neurobiol , vol.4 , pp. 569-579
    • Shadlen, M.1    Newsome, W.2
  • 97
    • 0021260404 scopus 로고
    • Receptive field properties in the cat's area 17 in the absence of on-center geniculate input
    • Sherk H, Horton JC (1984) Receptive field properties in the cat's area 17 in the absence of on-center geniculate input. J Neurosci 4:381-393.
    • (1984) J Neurosci , vol.4 , pp. 381-393
    • Sherk, H.1    Horton, J.C.2
  • 98
    • 0024819853 scopus 로고
    • Organized arrangement of orientation-selective relay cells in the cat's dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus
    • Shou T, Leventhal AG (1989) Organized arrangement of orientation-selective relay cells in the cat's dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. J Neurosci 9:4287-4302.
    • (1989) J Neurosci , vol.9 , pp. 4287-4302
    • Shou, T.1    Leventhal, A.G.2
  • 99
    • 0016701720 scopus 로고
    • The contribution of inhibitory mechanisms to the receptive field properties of neurones in the striate cortex of the cat
    • Lond
    • Sillito AM (1975) The contribution of inhibitory mechanisms to the receptive field properties of neurones in the striate cortex of the cat. J Physiol (Lond) 250:305-329.
    • (1975) J Physiol , vol.250 , pp. 305-329
    • Sillito, A.M.1
  • 100
    • 0018332832 scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory mechanisms influencing complex cell orientation selectivity and their modification at high resting discharge levels
    • Lond
    • Sillito AM (1979) Inhibitory mechanisms influencing complex cell orientation selectivity and their modification at high resting discharge levels. J Physiol (Lond) 289:33-53.
    • (1979) J Physiol , vol.289 , pp. 33-53
    • Sillito, A.M.1
  • 101
    • 0018885801 scopus 로고
    • A re-evaluation of the mechanisms underlying simple cell orientation selectivity
    • Sillito AM, Kemp JA, Milson JA, Berardi N (1980) A re-evaluation of the mechanisms underlying simple cell orientation selectivity. Brain Res 194:517-520.
    • (1980) Brain Res , vol.194 , pp. 517-520
    • Sillito, A.M.1    Kemp, J.A.2    Milson, J.A.3    Berardi, N.4
  • 102
    • 0343614210 scopus 로고
    • Estimates of functional synaptic convergence in rat and cat visual cortical neurons
    • Smetters DK, Nelson SB (1993) Estimates of functional synaptic convergence in rat and cat visual cortical neurons. Soc Neurosci Abstr 19:263.6.
    • (1993) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.19
    • Smetters, D.K.1    Nelson, S.B.2
  • 103
    • 0027498486 scopus 로고
    • The highly irregular firing of cortical cells is inconsistent with temporal integration of random EPSPs
    • Softky WR, Koch C (1993) The highly irregular firing of cortical cells is inconsistent with temporal integration of random EPSPs. J Neurosci 13:334-450.
    • (1993) J Neurosci , vol.13 , pp. 334-450
    • Softky, W.R.1    Koch, C.2
  • 104
    • 0343614210 scopus 로고
    • Computational model of the effects of short-range excitation and inhibition on orientation selectivity in visual cortex
    • Somers DC, Nelson SB, Sur M (1993) Computational model of the effects of short-range excitation and inhibition on orientation selectivity in visual cortex. Soc Neurosci Abstr 19:263.5.
    • (1993) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.19
    • Somers, D.C.1    Nelson, S.B.2    Sur, M.3
  • 105
    • 0011380346 scopus 로고
    • Effects of long-range connections on gain control in an emergent model of visual cortical orientation selectivity
    • Somers DC, Nelson SB, Sur M (1994) Effects of long-range connections on gain control in an emergent model of visual cortical orientation selectivity. Soc Neurosci Abstr 20:646.7.
    • (1994) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.20
    • Somers, D.C.1    Nelson, S.B.2    Sur, M.3
  • 106
    • 85084725422 scopus 로고
    • An emergent model of visual cortical orientation selectivity
    • (Bower JM, ed), in press. Norwell, MA: Kluwer
    • Somers DC, Nelson SB, Sur M (1995) An emergent model of visual cortical orientation selectivity. In: Computation and neural systems: 1994 proceedings (Bower JM, ed), in press. Norwell, MA: Kluwer.
    • (1995) Computation and Neural Systems: 1994 Proceedings
    • Somers, D.C.1    Nelson, S.B.2    Sur, M.3
  • 107
    • 0023276381 scopus 로고
    • Linear mechanism of orientation tuning in the retina and lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat
    • Soodak RE, Shapley RM, Kaplan E (1987) Linear mechanism of orientation tuning in the retina and lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat. J Neurophysiol 58:267-275.
    • (1987) J Neurophysiol , vol.58 , pp. 267-275
    • Soodak, R.E.1    Shapley, R.M.2    Kaplan, E.3
  • 108
    • 85084724613 scopus 로고
    • Direction selectivity in primary visual cortex using massive intracortical connections
    • in press. Kauffman
    • Suarez H, Koch C, Douglas R (1995) Direction selectivity in primary visual cortex using massive intracortical connections. In: Advances in neural information processing systems, Vol 6, in press. Kauffman.
    • (1995) Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems , vol.6
    • Suarez, H.1    Koch, C.2    Douglas, R.3
  • 109
    • 0026487978 scopus 로고
    • A model for the coordinated development of columnar systems in primate striate cortex
    • Swindale NV (1992) A model for the coordinated development of columnar systems in primate striate cortex. Biol Cybern 66:217-230.
    • (1992) Biol Cybern , vol.66 , pp. 217-230
    • Swindale, N.V.1
  • 110
    • 84959577578 scopus 로고
    • Contrast integration along the length axis of area 17 neurons: Linear or non-linear?
    • Swindale NV (1993) Contrast integration along the length axis of area 17 neurons: linear or non-linear? Soc Neurosci Abstr 19:263.1.
    • (1993) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.19
    • Swindale, N.V.1
  • 111
    • 0001926906 scopus 로고
    • The use of degeneration in the investigation of short neuronal connections
    • (Singer M, Shade JR, eds), Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Szentàgothai J (1965) The use of degeneration in the investigation of short neuronal connections. In: Progress in brain research (Singer M, Shade JR, eds), pp 1-32. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
    • (1965) Progress in Brain Research , pp. 1-32
    • Szentàgothai, J.1
  • 112
    • 0028219744 scopus 로고
    • Temporal and spatial properties of local circuits in neocortex
    • Thomson AM, Deuchars J (1994) Temporal and spatial properties of local circuits in neocortex. Trends Neurosci 17:119-126.
    • (1994) Trends Neurosci , vol.17 , pp. 119-126
    • Thomson, A.M.1    Deuchars, J.2
  • 113
    • 0023264299 scopus 로고
    • Spatial summation by simple cells in the striate cortex of the cat
    • Tolhurst DJ, Dean AF (1987) Spatial summation by simple cells in the striate cortex of the cat. Exp Brain Res 66:607-620.
    • (1987) Exp Brain Res , vol.66 , pp. 607-620
    • Tolhurst, D.J.1    Dean, A.F.2
  • 114
    • 0025236342 scopus 로고
    • The effects of contrast on the linearity of spatial summation of simple cells in the cat's striate cortex
    • Tolhurst DJ, Dean AF (1990) The effects of contrast on the linearity of spatial summation of simple cells in the cat's striate cortex. Exp Brain Res 79:582-588.
    • (1990) Exp Brain Res , vol.79 , pp. 582-588
    • Tolhurst, D.J.1    Dean, A.F.2
  • 115
    • 0019492891 scopus 로고
    • Organization of cat visual cortex as investigated by cross-correlation technique
    • Toyama K, Kimura M, Tanaka K (1981) Organization of cat visual cortex as investigated by cross-correlation technique. J Neurophysiol 46:202-214.
    • (1981) J Neurophysiol , vol.46 , pp. 202-214
    • Toyama, K.1    Kimura, M.2    Tanaka, K.3
  • 118
    • 0018322435 scopus 로고
    • Modification of orientation sensitivity of cat visual cortex neurons by removal of GABA-mediated inhibition
    • Tsumoto T, Eckart W, Creutzfeldt OD (1979) Modification of orientation sensitivity of cat visual cortex neurons by removal of GABA-mediated inhibition. Exp Brain Res 34:351-363.
    • (1979) Exp Brain Res , vol.34 , pp. 351-363
    • Tsumoto, T.1    Eckart, W.2    Creutzfeldt, O.D.3
  • 119
    • 0001463212 scopus 로고
    • Network amplification of local fluctuations causes high spike variability, fractal firing patterns, and oscillatory field potentials
    • Usher M, Stemmler M, Koch C, Olami Z (1994) Network amplification of local fluctuations causes high spike variability, fractal firing patterns, and oscillatory field potentials. Neural Comput 6:795-836.
    • (1994) Neural Comput , vol.6 , pp. 795-836
    • Usher, M.1    Stemmler, M.2    Koch, C.3    Olami, Z.4
  • 120
    • 0019985557 scopus 로고
    • Orientation sensitivity of cat LGN neurones with and without inputs from visual cortical areas 17, 18
    • Vidyasagar TR, Urbas JV (1982) Orientation sensitivity of cat LGN neurones with and without inputs from visual cortical areas 17, 18. Exp Brain Res 46:157-169.
    • (1982) Exp Brain Res , vol.46 , pp. 157-169
    • Vidyasagar, T.R.1    Urbas, J.V.2
  • 121
    • 0025805538 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative study of striate single unit responses in monkeys performing an orientation discrimination task
    • Vogels R, Orban GA (1991) Quantitative study of striate single unit responses in monkeys performing an orientation discrimination task. Exp Brain Res 84:1-11.
    • (1991) Exp Brain Res , vol.84 , pp. 1-11
    • Vogels, R.1    Orban, G.A.2
  • 122
    • 0029328275 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of the orientation tuning of post-synaptic potentials in the cat visual cortex
    • in press
    • Volgushev M, Vidyasagar TR, Pei X (1995) Dynamics of the orientation tuning of post-synaptic potentials in the cat visual cortex. Vis Neurosci. in press.
    • (1995) Vis Neurosci.
    • Volgushev, M.1    Vidyasagar, T.R.2    Pei, X.3
  • 123
    • 0015952487 scopus 로고
    • The orientation selectivity of single neurons in cat striate cortex
    • Watkins DW, Berkley MA (1974) The orientation selectivity of single neurons in cat striate cortex. Exp Brain Res 19:433-446.
    • (1974) Exp Brain Res , vol.19 , pp. 433-446
    • Watkins, D.W.1    Berkley, M.A.2
  • 124
    • 0002004610 scopus 로고
    • Modeling the visual system
    • (Koch C, Segev I, eds), Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
    • Wehmeier U, Dong D, Koch C, Van Essen D (1989) Modeling the visual system. In: Methods in neuronal modeling (Koch C, Segev I, eds), pp 335-359. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
    • (1989) Methods in Neuronal Modeling , pp. 335-359
    • Wehmeier, U.1    Dong, D.2    Koch, C.3    Van Essen, D.4
  • 126
    • 0015260274 scopus 로고
    • Excitatory and inhibitory interactions in localized populations of model neurons
    • Wilson HR, Cowan JD (1972) Excitatory and inhibitory interactions in localized populations of model neurons. Biophys J 12:1-24.
    • (1972) Biophys J , vol.12 , pp. 1-24
    • Wilson, H.R.1    Cowan, J.D.2
  • 127
    • 0020503547 scopus 로고
    • Laminar cell counts and geniculocortical boutons in area 17 of cat and monkey
    • Winfield DA, Powell TPS (1983) Laminar cell counts and geniculocortical boutons in area 17 of cat and monkey. Brain Res 227:223-229.
    • (1983) Brain Res , vol.227 , pp. 223-229
    • Winfield, D.A.1    Powell, T.P.S.2
  • 128
    • 0025945082 scopus 로고
    • A detailed model of the primary visual pathway in the cat: Comparison of afferent excitatory and intracortical inhibitory connection schemes for orientation selectivity
    • Wörgotter F, Koch C (1991) A detailed model of the primary visual pathway in the cat: comparison of afferent excitatory and intracortical inhibitory connection schemes for orientation selectivity. J Neurosci 11:1959-1979.
    • (1991) J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 1959-1979
    • Wörgotter, F.1    Koch, C.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.