메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 28, Issue 3, 1995, Pages 221-241

A guide to the interpretation of serum prostate specific antigen levels

Author keywords

analysis in blood; antiandrogen therapy; intraindividual variation; metabolism; prostate specific antigen; prostatic acid phosphatase; radiation therapy; radical prostatectomy; reference ranges; stage

Indexed keywords

BUSERELIN; FINASTERIDE; FLUTAMIDE; GOSERELIN; LEUPRORELIN; NAFARELIN; PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN;

EID: 0029144616     PISSN: 00099120     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0009-9120(95)91342-Z     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (53)

References (176)
  • 2
    • 0025869392 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen: A critical assessment of the most useful tumor marker for adenocarcinoma of the prostate
    • (1991) J Urol , vol.145 , pp. 907-923
    • Oesterling1
  • 3
    • 0027447614 scopus 로고
    • Prostate-specific antigen: Biochemistry, analytical methods, and clinical application
    • (1993) Clin Chem , vol.39 , pp. 181-195
    • Armbruster1
  • 4
    • 0028044954 scopus 로고
    • How to use prostate-specific antigen
    • (suppl)
    • (1994) Urology , vol.43 , pp. 27-35
    • Ploch1    Brawer2
  • 6
    • 0027226031 scopus 로고
    • Detection of organ-confined prostate cancer is increased through prostate-specific antigen-based screening
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.270 , pp. 948-954
    • Catalona1    Smith2    Ratliff3    Basler4
  • 7
    • 0027818212 scopus 로고
    • Optimized strategy for detection of early stage, curable prostate cancer: Role of prescreening with prostate-specific antigen
    • (1993) Clin Invest Med , vol.16 , pp. 425-439
    • Labrie1    Dupont2    Suburu3
  • 9
    • 0028256194 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of digital rectal examination and serum prostate specific antigen in the early detection of prostate cancer: Results of a multicenter clinical trial of 6,630 men
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.151 , pp. 1283-1290
    • Catalona1    Richie2    Ahmann3
  • 11
    • 0024494844 scopus 로고
    • Prostate-specific antigenic domain of human prostate specific antigen identified with monoclonal antibodies
    • (1989) J Urol , vol.141 , pp. 152
    • Chu1    Kawinski2    Hibi3
  • 14
    • 0024835295 scopus 로고
    • Demonstration of the role of prostate-specific antigen in semen liquefaction by two-dimensional electrophoresis
    • (1989) J Androl , vol.10 , pp. 432
    • Lee1    Keefer2    Zhao3
  • 18
    • 0026608777 scopus 로고
    • Sustained, substantially increased concentration of prostate-specific antigen in the absence of prostatic malignant disease: An unusual clinical scenario
    • (1992) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.67 , pp. 249-252
    • Glenski1    Malek2    Myrtle3    Oesterling4
  • 19
    • 0025175692 scopus 로고
    • Extraprostatic localization of prostatic acid phosphatase and prostatespecific antigen: Distribution in cloacogenic glandular epithelium and sex-dependent expression in human anal gland
    • (1990) Hum Pathol , vol.21 , pp. 1108-1111
    • Kamoshida1    Tsutsumi2
  • 20
    • 0027529524 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of urinary prostate specific antigen before and after radical prostatectomy: Evidence for secretion of prostate specific antigen by the periurethral glands
    • (1993) J Urol , vol.149 , pp. 783
    • Iwakiri1    Granbois2    Wehner3    Gravesi4    Stamey5
  • 21
    • 0026727953 scopus 로고
    • The “female prostate”: Location, morphology, immunohistochemical characteristics and significance
    • (1992) Eur Urol , vol.22 , pp. 64
    • Wernert1    Albrech2    Sesterhenn3
  • 22
    • 0024637363 scopus 로고
    • Prostate-specific antigen and the female prostate
    • (letter), and references therein
    • (1989) Clin Chem , vol.35 , pp. 507
    • Ablin1
  • 24
    • 0028294186 scopus 로고
    • Immunoreactive prostate-specific antigen levels in female and male breast tumors and its association with steroid hormone receptors and patient age
    • (1994) Clin Biochem , vol.27 , pp. 75
    • Yu1    Diamandis2    Sutherland3
  • 26
    • 0026322414 scopus 로고
    • CA-125 concentrations in malignant and nonmalignant disease (case conference)
    • (1991) Clin Chem , vol.37 , pp. 1968-1974
    • Daoud1    Bodor2
  • 28
    • 0026516448 scopus 로고
    • Serum prostatic acid phosphatase, gamma-seminoprotein and prostatic specific antigen in hemodialysis patients
    • (1992) Urol Int , vol.48 , pp. 181
    • Sasagawa1    Nakada2    Hashimoto3
  • 30
    • 0027454758 scopus 로고
    • Abrupt changes in prostate-specific antigen concentration in acute renal failure (letter)
    • (1993) Clin Chem , vol.39 , pp. 161
    • Price1
  • 31
    • 0026773742 scopus 로고
    • Abrupt changes in the concentrations of five prostatic tumor-associated markers in serum after acute myocardial infarction (letter)
    • (1992) Clin Chem , vol.38 , pp. 605
    • Hardeman1    Beyer2    Backer3
  • 33
    • 0023233060 scopus 로고
    • Prostate-specific antigen as a serum marker for adenocarcinoma of the prostate
    • (1987) N Engl J Med , vol.317 , pp. 909-916
    • Stamey1    Yang2    Hay3
  • 34
    • 0023881932 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen in the preoperative and postoperative evaluation of localized prostatic cancer treated with radical prostatectomy
    • (1988) J Urol , vol.139 , pp. 766-772
    • Oesterling1    Chan2    Epstein3
  • 36
    • 0026744198 scopus 로고
    • Prostate-specific antigen: Establishment of the reference range for the clinically normal prostate gland and the effect of digital rectal examination, ejaculation, and time on serum concentrations
    • (1992) Prostate , vol.21 , pp. 99-110
    • Glenski1    Klee2    Bergstralh3    Oesterling4
  • 37
    • 0027497984 scopus 로고
    • Effect of digital rectal examination (and ejaculation) on serum prostate-specific antigen after twenty-four hours
    • (1993) Urology , vol.41 , pp. 111
    • McAleer1    Gerson2    McMahon3
  • 39
    • 0025696236 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of a polyclonal and monoclonal immunoassay for PSA: Need for an international antigen standard
    • (1990) J Urol , vol.144 , pp. 1516-1522
    • Graves1    Wehner2    Stamey3
  • 41
    • 0023587135 scopus 로고
    • Prostate-specific antigen as a marker for prostatic cancer: A monoclonal and a polyclonal immunoassay compared
    • (1987) Clin Chem , vol.33 , pp. 1916-1920
    • Chan1    Bruzek2    Oesterling3    Rock4    Walsh5
  • 42
    • 0023968749 scopus 로고
    • Endogenous antibody to prostate-specific antigen in women
    • (letter and responses)
    • (1988) Clin Chem , vol.34 , pp. 647
    • Yang1
  • 45
    • 0028078676 scopus 로고
    • Complex formation between protein C inhibitor and prostate-specific antigen in vitro and in human semen
    • (1994) Eur J Biochem , vol.220 , pp. 45-53
    • Christensson1    Lilja2
  • 47
    • 0026077430 scopus 로고
    • Prostate-specific antigen in serum occurs predominantly in complex with alpha1-antichymotrypsin
    • (1991) Clin Chem , vol.37 , pp. 1618-1624
    • Lilja1    Christensson2    Dahlen3
  • 48
    • 0027717357 scopus 로고
    • Multiple forms of prostate-specific antigen in serum: Differences in immunorecognition by monoclonal and polyclonal assays
    • (1993) Clin Chem , vol.39 , pp. 2483-2491
    • Zhou1    Tewari2    Bluestein3    Caldwell4    Larsen5
  • 49
    • 0027367615 scopus 로고
    • Double-label time-resolved immunofluorimetric assay of prostate-specific antigen and of its complex with alpha-1 antichymotrypsin
    • (1993) Clin Chem , vol.39 , pp. 2098-2103
    • Leinonen1    Lovgren2    Vornanen3    Stenman4
  • 51
    • 0026624757 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen predominantly forms a complex with alpha-1 antichymotrypsin in blood. Implications for procedures to measure prostate specific antigen in serum
    • (1992) Cancer , vol.70 , pp. 230
    • Lilja1    Cockett2    Abrahamsson3
  • 54
    • 0028095372 scopus 로고
    • Disagreement between the Roche Cobas Core and Hybritech Tandem E PSA assays when measuring free, complexed and total serum prostate specific antigen
    • (1994) Ann Clin Biochem , vol.31 , pp. 501
    • Tillyer1    Konings2    Gobin3    Iqbal4
  • 56
    • 0028089230 scopus 로고
    • Re: False positive prostate-specific antigen values in the sera of women with renal cell carcinoma
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.151 , pp. 704-705
    • Rasmuson1    Grankvist2    Ljungberg3
  • 57
    • 0024349161 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen: immunoreactivity in urachal remnants
    • (1989) J Urol , vol.141 , pp. 1480-1482
    • Golz1    Schubert2
  • 58
    • 0025514110 scopus 로고
    • Re: Prostate specific antigen: immunoreactivity in urachal remnants
    • (1990) J Urol , vol.144 , pp. 1244
    • Flood1    Gaffnew2
  • 59
    • 0026054593 scopus 로고
    • Elevated prostate markers in metastatic small cell carcinoma of unknown primary
    • (1991) Cancer , vol.68 , pp. 1118-1120
    • Freeman1    Doolittle2
  • 62
    • 0024403831 scopus 로고
    • The hook effect: High concentrations of prostate-specific antigen giving artifactually low values on one-step immunoassay
    • (letter)
    • (1989) N Engl J Med , vol.320 , pp. 1755-1756
    • Wolf1    Garrett2    Nahm3
  • 63
    • 0023730568 scopus 로고
    • Extremely high values of prostate-specific antigen in patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate; demonstration of the hook effect
    • (1988) Clin Chem , vol.34 , pp. 2175-2177
    • Vaidya1    Wolf2    Garrett3    Catalona4    Clayman5    Nahm6
  • 64
    • 0024687013 scopus 로고
    • More on hook effects in immunometric assays for prostate-specific antigen
    • (letter)
    • (1989) Clin Chem , vol.35 , pp. 1262-1263
    • Bodor1    Wolf2    Hinds3    Nahm4    Scott5
  • 65
    • 0024741612 scopus 로고
    • More on hook effects in immunometric assays for prostate-specific antigen
    • (letter)
    • (1989) Clin Chem , vol.35 , pp. 2154-2155
    • Myrtle1
  • 67
    • 0025975001 scopus 로고
    • Storage conditions for serum for estimating prostate-specific antigen
    • (1991) Clin Chem , vol.37 , pp. 113-114
    • Simm1    Gleeson2
  • 69
    • 84921204783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Data provided by Abbott Diagnostics, reflecting data from January to July 1992.
  • 71
    • 0026594041 scopus 로고
    • Digital rectal examination-associated alterations in serum prostate-specific antigen
    • (1992) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.97 , pp. 528-534
    • Thomson1    Clejan2
  • 72
    • 0026533434 scopus 로고
    • The effect of digital rectal examination on prostate specific antigen levels
    • (1992) JAMA , vol.267 , pp. 2227-2228
    • Crawford1    Schutz2    Clejan3
  • 73
    • 0026700903 scopus 로고
    • Effect of digital rectal examination on serum concentration of prostate-specific antigen
    • (1992) Eur Urol , vol.21 , pp. 195-199
    • Breul1    Binder2    Block3    Hartung4
  • 74
    • 0026738361 scopus 로고
    • Changes in prostate-specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase concentration following prostatic examination in benign prostatic hypertrophy and prostate cancer patients
    • (1992) Eur Urol , vol.21 , pp. 83-86
    • Romics1    Galamb2
  • 75
    • 0026723632 scopus 로고
    • The effect of digital rectal examination on the serum prostate specific antigen concentration: Results of a randomized study
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.148 , pp. 83-86
    • Chybowski1    Bergstralh2    Oesterling3
  • 76
    • 0026583498 scopus 로고
    • Effects of rectal examination, prostatic massage, ultrasonography and needle biopsy on serum prostate specific antigen levels
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.147 , pp. 810-814
    • Yuan1    Coplen2    Petros3
  • 77
    • 84921183281 scopus 로고
    • Effect of digital rectal examination on prostate specific antigen in men with prostate cancer, prostatitis, and benign prostatic hypertrophy
    • (abstract 918)
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.147 , pp. 442A
    • Ho1    Yalla2    O'Donnell3
  • 78
    • 0026633846 scopus 로고
    • Digital rectal examination does not increase serum concentrations of prostate-specific antigen
    • (1992) Clin Chem , vol.38 , pp. 782
    • Angelsen1    Hole2    Lundmo3    Romslo4
  • 79
    • 0005393343 scopus 로고
    • Serum prostate specific antigen: In vitro stability and the effect of ultrasound rectal examination in vivo
    • (suppl)
    • (1987) Ann Clin Biochem , vol.24 , pp. 206
    • Hughes1    Penny2    Ryan3    Peeling4
  • 80
    • 0027169883 scopus 로고
    • Effect of cystoscopy, prostate biopsy and transurethral resection of prostate on serum prostate-specific antigen concentration
    • (1993) Urology , vol.42 , pp. 276-282
    • Oesterling1    Rice2    Glenski3    Bergstralh4
  • 82
    • 0025834231 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of prostate-specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase concentrations in serum before and 1–42 days after transurethral resection of the prostate and orchidectomy
    • (1991) Clin Chem , vol.37 , pp. 859-863
    • Price1    Attwood2    Grant3    Gray4    Moore5
  • 83
    • 0027465152 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the doubling time of prostate cancer. The use of serial prostate-specific antigen in patients with untreated disease as a measure of increasing cancer volume
    • (1993) Cancer , vol.71 , pp. 2031-2040
    • Schmid1    McNeal2    Stamey3
  • 85
    • 0026454856 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the Abbott IMx automated immunoassay of prostate-specific antigen
    • (1992) Clin Chem , vol.38 , pp. 2044-2054
    • Vessella1    Noteboom2    Lange3
  • 87
    • 0027293359 scopus 로고
    • Analytical performance goals for measuring prostate-specific antigen
    • (1993) Clin Chem , vol.39 , pp. 1525-1527
    • Fritsche1    Babaian2
  • 88
    • 0023875530 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous circadian fluctuations of prostate specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase serum activities in patients with prostatic cancer
    • (1988) Urol Res , vol.16 , pp. 9-12
    • Mannini1    Maver2    Aiello3
  • 89
    • 0023811145 scopus 로고
    • Daily variability in human serum prostate-specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase: A comparative evaluation
    • (1988) Urology , vol.32 , pp. 288-292
    • Dejter1    Martin2    McPHerson3    Lynch4
  • 90
    • 0025073271 scopus 로고
    • Serum prostate-specific antigen: Hourly change/24 hours compared with prostatic acid phosphatase
    • (1990) Urology , vol.35 , pp. 88-92
    • el-Shirbiny1    Nilson2    Pawar3
  • 91
    • 84921181335 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between diurnal rhythm of serum testosterone and two prostatic markers (PSA and PAP) in untreated prostate cancer
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.151 , pp. 94-98
    • Akimoto1    Masai2    Shimazaki3
  • 95
    • 0021262484 scopus 로고
    • The role of serum PAP as a tumor marker in men with adbanced adenocarcinoma of the prostate
    • (1984) J Urol , vol.132 , pp. 58-60
    • Maatman1    Gupta2    Montie3
  • 98
    • 0027244140 scopus 로고
    • Serum prostate-specific antigen in a community-based population of healthy men. Establishment of age-specific reference ranges
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.270 , pp. 860-864
    • Oesterling1    Jacobsen2    Chute3
  • 100
    • 0025162766 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen and local recurrence after radical prostatectomy
    • (1990) J Urol , vol.144 , pp. 921-926
    • Lightner1    Lange2    Reddy3    Moore4
  • 102
    • 0026524219 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen levels after post radical prostatectomy in patients with organ confined and locally extensive prostate cancer
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.147 , pp. 942-946
    • Stein1    deKernion2    Smith3    Dorey4    Patel5
  • 103
    • 0026583511 scopus 로고
    • Detection of local recurrence after radical prostatectomy by prostate specific antigen and transrectal ultrasound
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.147 , pp. 952-956
    • Abi-Abad1    Macfarlane2    Stein3    deKernion4
  • 104
    • 0027311979 scopus 로고
    • The value of prostate specific antigen and transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy in accurately detecting prostatic fossa recurrences following radical prostatectomy
    • (1993) J Urol , vol.149 , pp. 1024-1028
    • Foster1    Jajodia2    Fournier3    Shinahara4    Carroll5    Narayan6
  • 106
    • 0027234452 scopus 로고
    • The enhanced detection of persistent disease after radical prostatectomy with a new prostate specific antigen immunoassay
    • (1993) J Urol , vol.150 , pp. 374-378
    • Takayama1    Vessella2    Brawer3    Noteboom4    Lange5
  • 107
    • 0027424583 scopus 로고
    • Ultrasensitive time-resolved immunofluorometric assay of prostate-specific antigen in serum and preliminary clinical studies
    • (1993) Clin Chem , vol.39 , pp. 2108-2114
    • Yu1    Diamandis2
  • 108
    • 0027429943 scopus 로고
    • Modified assay of prostate-specific antigen with a detection limit <0.01 μg/L
    • (1993) Clin Chem , vol.39 , pp. 2150-2154
    • Liedtke1    Kroon2    Batjer3
  • 109
    • 0024538468 scopus 로고
    • Changes in prostate-specific markers under chronic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue treatment of stage D prostate cancer
    • (1989) Cancer , vol.63 , pp. 1287-1291
    • Matzkin1    Lewysohn2    Ayalon3    Braf4
  • 111
    • 0026063327 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase for monitoring therapy of cancer of the prostate
    • (1991) J Urol , vol.146 , pp. 1064-1068
    • Dupont1    Cusan2    Gomez3
  • 113
    • 0027477695 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen decline after antiandrogen withdrawal: The flutamide withdrawal syndrome
    • (1993) J Urol , vol.149 , pp. 607-609
    • Kelly1    Scher2
  • 114
    • 84921223457 scopus 로고
    • Metastatic prostate cancer pulmonary nodules: Beneficial effects of combination therapy and subsequent withdrawal of flutamide
    • (1994) Prostate , vol.242 , pp. 57-61
    • Cusan1    Gomez2    Dupont3
  • 116
    • 0028273242 scopus 로고
    • Clinical experience of the detection of prostate cancer in patients with BPH treated with finasteride
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.151 , pp. 1296-1300
    • Stoner1    Round2    Ferguson3    Gormley4
  • 118
    • 0025915563 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen in hormonally treated stage D2 prostate cancer: Is it always an accurate indicator of disease status?
    • (1991) J Urol , vol.145 , pp. 802-806
    • Leo1    Bergstralh2    Oesterling3
  • 119
    • 0026581707 scopus 로고
    • Steroids inversely affect the biosynthesis and secretion of human prostatic acid phosphatase and prostate-specific antigen in the LN-CaP cell line
    • (1992) J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol , vol.41 , pp. 349-360
    • Henttu1    Vihko2
  • 120
    • 0024577769 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen in the diagnosis and treatment of adenocarcinoma of the prostate. IV. Anti-androgen treated patients
    • (1989) J Urol , vol.141 , pp. 1088-1090
    • Stamey1    Kabalin2    Ferrari3    Yang4
  • 121
    • 0024464835 scopus 로고
    • Clinical use of prostate specific antigen in patients with prostate cancer
    • (1989) J Urol , vol.142 , pp. 1011-1017
    • Hudson1    Bahnson2    Catalona3
  • 122
    • 0025648064 scopus 로고
    • Prognostic significance of prostate specific antigen in endocrine treatment for prostatic cancer
    • (1990) J Urol , vol.144 , pp. 1415-1419
    • Arai1    Yoshiki2    Yoshida3
  • 123
    • 0026525245 scopus 로고
    • The clinical usefulness of serum prostate-specific antigen after hormonal therapy of metastatic prostate cancer
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.147 , pp. 956-961
    • Miller1    Ahman2    Drach3    Emerson4    Bottaccini5
  • 124
    • 0026687613 scopus 로고
    • Prognostic significance of changes in prostate-specific markers after endocrine treatment of stage D2 prostate cancer
    • (1992) Cancer , vol.70 , pp. 2302-2309
    • Matzkin1    Eber2    Todd3    ban der Zaag4    Soloway5
  • 129
    • 0028256111 scopus 로고
    • Prostate-specific antigen decline after casodex withdrawal: Evidence for an antiandrogen withdrawal syndrome
    • (1994) Urology , vol.43 , pp. 408-410
    • Small1    Carrol2
  • 130
    • 0028089236 scopus 로고
    • Endocrine therapies for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia
    • (suppl)
    • (1994) Urology , vol.43 , pp. 7-16
    • Oesterling1
  • 131
    • 0027892009 scopus 로고
    • Serum PSA as a tumor marker for patients undergoing definitive radiation therapy
    • (1993) Urol Clin North Am , vol.20 , pp. 736-748
    • Zagars1
  • 133
    • 0024547185 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen in the diagnosis and treatment of adenocarcinoma of the prostate. III. Radiation treated patients
    • (1989) J Urol , vol.141 , pp. 1084-1087
    • Stamey1    Kabalin2    Ferrari3
  • 134
    • 0024327624 scopus 로고
    • Identification of residual cancer in the prostate following radiation therapy: Role of transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy and prostate specific antigen
    • see also
    • (1989) J Urol , vol.142 , pp. 326-331
    • Kabalin1    Hodge2    McNeal3    Freiha4    Stamey5
  • 136
    • 0026077849 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen in the management of patients with localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate treated with primary radiation therapy
    • (1991) J Urol , vol.146 , pp. 1046-1052
    • Russell1    Dunatov2    Hafermann3
  • 137
    • 0025973016 scopus 로고
    • Prostate-specific antigen and external beam radiation therapy in prostate cancer
    • (1991) Cancer , vol.67 , pp. 412-420
    • Zagars1    Sherman2    Babaian3
  • 138
    • 0026351485 scopus 로고
    • Biopsy after external beam radiation therapy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate: Correlation with original histological trade and current PSA levels
    • (1991) J Urol , vol.146 , pp. 1313-1316
    • Dugan1    Shiplet2    Young3
  • 139
    • 0027311893 scopus 로고
    • Prostate-specific antigen; an important marker for prostate cancer treated by external radiotherapy
    • (1993) Cancer , vol.72 , pp. 538-548
    • Zagars1    bon Eschenbach2
  • 140
    • 0027526367 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen after external beam radiation therapy for prostate cancer: Follow-up
    • (1993) J Urol , vol.149 , pp. 519-522
    • Kaplan1    Cox2    Bagshaw3
  • 142
    • 0028158147 scopus 로고
    • Radical radiation therapy in the management of prostate adenocarcinoma: The initial PSA value as a predictor of treatment outcome
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.151 , pp. 640-645
    • Zietman1    Coen2    Shiplet3    Willett4    Efird5
  • 143
    • 0025849053 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of prostate-specific antigen in serum as a screening test for prostate cancer
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.324 , pp. 1156-1161
    • Catalona1    Smith2    Ratliff3
  • 145
    • 0026092514 scopus 로고
    • Predicting radionuclide bone scan findings in patients with newly diagnosed untreated prostate cancer: Prostate specific antigen is superior to all other clinical parameters
    • (1991) J Urol , vol.145 , pp. 313-318
    • Chybowski1    Keller2    Bergstralh3    Oesterling4
  • 146
  • 147
    • 0027407431 scopus 로고
    • Ability of preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen value to predict pathologic stage and DNA ploidy. Influence of clinical stage and tumor grade
    • (1993) Urology , vol.41 , pp. 207-216
    • Kleer1    Larson-Keller2    Sincke3    Oesterling4
  • 148
    • 0028593352 scopus 로고
    • Utility of pre-operative serum prostate-specific antigen concentration and biopsy Gleason score in predicting risk of pelvic lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer
    • (1994) Urology , vol.44 , pp. 519-524
    • Narayan1    Fournier2
  • 150
    • 0026755373 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of prostatic growth serial prostate-specific antigen measurements in men with and without prostate disease
    • (1992) Cancer Res , vol.52 , pp. 3323-3328
    • Carter1    Morrell2    Pearson3
  • 151
    • 0026522840 scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal evaluation of prostate-specific antigen levels in men with and without prostate disease
    • (1992) JAMA , vol.267 , pp. 2215-2220
    • Carter1    Pearson2    Metter3
  • 152
    • 0027465152 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the doubling time of prostate cancer. The use of serial prostate-specific antigen in patients with untreated disease as a measure of increasing cancer volume
    • (1993) Cancer , vol.71 , pp. 2031-2040
    • Schmid1    McNel2    Stamey3
  • 154
    • 0026578501 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen density: A means of distinguishing benign prostatic hypertrophy and prostate cancer
    • part 2
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.147 , pp. 815-816
    • Benson1    Whang2    Pantuck3
  • 155
    • 0026536328 scopus 로고
    • The use of prostate specific antigen density to enhance the predictive value of intermediate levels of serum prostate specific antigen
    • part 2
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.147 , pp. 817-821
    • Benson1    Whant2    Olsson3    McMahon4    Cooner5
  • 156
    • 0025150743 scopus 로고
    • Correlation between prostate-specific antigen and prostate volume, evaluated by transrectal ultrasonography: Usefulness in diagnosis of prostate cancer
    • (1990) Eur Urol , vol.18 , pp. 112-116
    • Veneziano1    Pavlica2    Querze3    Lalanne4    Vecchi5
  • 157
    • 0026074619 scopus 로고
    • Determination of prostate volume with transrectal US for cancer screening. Part K. Comparison with prostate-specific antigen assays
    • (1991) Radiology , vol.178 , pp. 537-542
    • Littrup1    Kane2    Williams3
  • 159
    • 0028147504 scopus 로고
    • The use of prostate specific antigen and prostate specific antigen density in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in a community based urology practice
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.151 , pp. 88-93
    • Rommel1    Agusta2    Breslin3
  • 160
    • 0028069633 scopus 로고
    • Prospective evaluation of prostate-specific antigen density and systematic biopsies for early detection of prostate carcinoma
    • (1994) Urology , vol.43 , pp. 44-52
    • Bazinet1    Meshref2    Trudel3
  • 161
    • 0027265780 scopus 로고
    • The inability of prostate specific antigen index to enhance the predictive value of prostate specific antigen in the diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma
    • (1993) J Urol , vol.150 , pp. 369-373
    • Brawer1    Aramburu2    Chen3    Preston4    Ellis5
  • 162
    • 0025275233 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen in the staging of localized prostate cancer: Influence of tumor differentiation, tumor volume and benign hyperplasia
    • (1990) J Urol , vol.143 , pp. 747-752
    • Partin1    Carter2    Chan3
  • 163
    • 0024538468 scopus 로고
    • Changes in prostate-specific markers under chronic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue treatment of stage D prostatic cancer
    • (1989) Cancer , vol.63 , pp. 1287-1291
    • Matzkin1    Lewyshon2    Ayalon3    Braf4
  • 165
    • 0026629566 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase measurements for the follow-up of patients with prostate cancer
    • (1992) Ann Clin Lab Sci , vol.22 , pp. 201-206
    • Mortarelli1
  • 166
    • 0024342073 scopus 로고
    • Relative value of prostate-specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase in diagnosis and management of adenocarcinoma of prostate. Ohio State University experience
    • (1989) Urology , vol.34 , pp. 187-192
    • Drago1    Badalament2    Wientjes3
  • 167
    • 0026063327 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase for monitoring therapy of cancer of the prostate
    • (1991) J Urol , vol.146 , pp. 1064-1068
    • Dupont1    Cusan2    Gomez3
  • 169
    • 0028535230 scopus 로고
    • (whole issue)
    • (1994) J Urology , vol.152 , pp. 1677-1940
  • 170
    • 0028801975 scopus 로고
    • A prospective evaluation of plasma prostate-specific antigen for detection of prostatic cancer
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 289-294
    • Gann1    Hennekens2    Stampfer3
  • 171
    • 0027938330 scopus 로고
    • Selection of optimal prostate specific antigen cutoffs for early detection of prostate cancer: Receiver operating characteristic curves
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.152 , pp. 2037-2042
    • Catalona1    Hudson2    Scardino3
  • 172
    • 0027954063 scopus 로고
    • Relative sensitivity and specificity of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level compared with age-referenced PSA, PSA density, and PSA change
    • (1994) Cancer , vol.74 , pp. 1615-1620
    • Mettlin1    Littrup2    Kane3
  • 173
    • 0028183096 scopus 로고
    • SR1 assays of α-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen and prostate-specific antigen compared wit corresponding established commercial assays
    • (1994) Clin Chem , vol.40 , pp. 895-899
    • Jolley1    Bacarese-Hamilton2
  • 175
    • 0028126670 scopus 로고
    • Nontraumatic elevation of prostate specific antigen following cardiac surgery and extracorporeal cardiopulmonary bypass
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.152 , pp. 2043-2045
    • Hagood1    Parra2    Rauscher3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.