Processing and evolution of the N-terminal region of the arterivirus replicase ORF1a protein: Identification of two papainlike cysteine proteases

Journal of Virology

Volumn 69, Issue 7, 1995, Pages 4500-4505

  Den Boon, Johan A ^a   Faaberg, Kay S ^b   Meulenberg, Janneke J M ^c   Wassenaar, Alfred L M ^a   Plagemann, Peter G W ^b   Gorbalenya, Alexander E ^d,e   Snijder, Eric J ^a  

^a LEIDEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^c WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^d CHUMAKOV INSTITUTE OF POLIOMYELITIS AND VIRAL ENCEPHALITIDES   (Russian Federation)

^e PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINO ACID; CYSTEINE; CYSTEINE PROTEINASE; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE; RNA DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASE;

AMINO ACID SUBSTITUTION; AMINO TERMINAL SEQUENCE; ARTERIVIRUS; ARTICLE; NONHUMAN; OPEN READING FRAME; POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; SITE DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS;

EID: 0029074522     PISSN: 0022538X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.69.7.4500-4505.1995     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Agranovsky, A. A., E. V. Koonin, V. P. Boyko, E. Maiss, R. Frotschl, N. A. Lunina, and J. G. Atabekov. 1994. Beet yellows closterovirus - complete genome structure and identification of a leader papainlike thiol protease. Virology 198:311-324.
2. Baker, S. C., K. Yokomori, S. Dong, R. Carlisle, A. E. Gorbalenya, E. V. Koonin, and M. M. C. Lai. 1993. Identification of the catalytic sites of a papainlike cysteine proteinase of murine coronavirus. J. Virol. 67:6056-6063.
3. Chen, Z., L. Kuo, R. R. R. Rowland, C. Even, K. S. Faaberg, and P. G. W. Plagemann. 1993. Sequence of 3′-end of genome and of 5′-end of ORF 1a of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV) and common junction motifs between 5′-leader and bodies of seven subgenomic mRNAs. J. Gen. Virol. 74:643-660.
4. Dayhoff, M. O., R. M. Schwartz, and B. C. Orcutt. 1978. A model of evolutionary change in proteins, p. 345-352. In M. O. Dayhoff (ed.), Atlas of protein sequence and structure, vol. 5. National Biomedical Research Foundation, Washington, D.C.
5. Den Boon, J. A., E. J. Snijder, E. D. Chirnside, A. A. F. de Vries, M. C. Horzinek, and W. J. M. Spaan. 1991. Equine arteritis virus is not a togavirus but belongs to the coronaviruslike superfamily. J. Virol. 65:2910-2920.
6. Devereux, J., P. Haeberli, and O. Smithies. 1984. A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX. Nucleic Acids Res. 12:387-395.
7. Dougherty, W. G., and B. L. Semler. 1993. Expression of virus-encoded proteinases: functional and structural similarities with cellular enzymee. Microbiol. Rev. 57:781-822.
8. Godeny, E. K., L. Chen, S. N. Kumar, S. L. Methven, E. V. Koonin, and M. A. Brinton. 1993. Complete genomic sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus. Virology 194:585-596.
9. Gorbalenya, A. E., V. M. Blinov, A. P. Donchenko, and E. V. Koonin. 1989. An NTP-binding motif is the most conserved sequence in a highly diverged monophyletic group of proteins involved in positive strand RNA viral replication. J. Mol. Evol. 28:256-268.
10. Gorbalenya, A. E., and E. V. Koonin. 1993. Comparative analysis of the amino acid sequences of the key enzymes of the replication and expression of positive-strand RNA viruses. Validity of the approach and functional and evolutionary implications. Sov. Sci. Rev. Sect. D Biol. Rev. 11:1-84.
11. Gorbalenya, A. E., E. V. Koonin, A. P. Donchenko, and V. M. Blinov. 1989. Coronavirus genome: prediction of putative functional domains in the non-structural polyprotein by comparative amino acid sequence analysis. Nucleic Acids Res. 17:4847-4861.
12. Gorbalenya, A. E., E. V. Koonin, and M. M. C. Lai. 1991. Putative papain-related thiol proteases of positive-strand RNA viruses. FEBS Lett. 288:201-205.
13. Henikoff, S., and J. G. Henikoff. 1992. Amino acid substitution matrices from protein blocks. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:10915-10919.
14. Herold, J., T. Raabe, B. Schelleprinz, and S. G. Siddell. 1993. Nucleotide sequence of the human coronavirus 229E RNA polymerase locus. Virology 195:680-691.
15. Higgins, D. G., A. J. Bleasby, and R. Fuchs. 1992. CLUSTAL V: improved software for multiple sequence alignment. Comput. Appl. Biosci. 8:189-191.
16. Jang, S. K., H.-G. Kräusslich, M. J. H. Nicklin, G. M. Duke, A. C. Palmenberg, and E. Wimmer. 1988. A segment of the 5′ nontranslated region of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA directs internal entry of ribosomes during in vitro translation. J. Virol. 62:2636-2643.
17. Kleina, L. G., and M. J. Grubman. 1992. Antiviral effects of a thiol protease inhibitor on foot-and-mouth disease virus. J. Virol. 66:7168-7175.
18. Kunkel, T. A., J. D. Roberts, and R. Zakour. 1987. Rapid and efficient site-directed mutagenesis without phenotypic selection. Methods Enzymol. 154:367-382.
19. Laemmli, U. K. 1970. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature (London) 227:680-685.
20. Lee, H. J., C. K. Shieh, A. E. Gorbalenya, E. V. Koonin, N. la Monica, J. Tuler, A. Bagdzhadzhyan, and M. M. C. Lai. 1991. The complete sequence (22 kilobases) of murine coronavirus gene 1 encoding the putative protease and RNA polymerase. Virology 180:567-582.
21. Leontovich, A. M., L. I. Brodsky, and A. E. Gorbalenya. 1993. Construction of the full local similarity map for two biopolymers. BioSystems 30:57-63.
22. Meulenberg, J. J. M., M. M. Hulst, E. J. de Meijer, P. L. J. M. Moonen, A. den Besten, E. P. de Kluyver, G. Wensvoort, and R. J. M. Moormann. 1993. Lelystad virus, the causative agent of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (PEARS), is related to LDV and EAV. Virology 192:62-72.
23. Oh, C.-S., and J. C. Carrington. 1989. Identification of essential residues in potyviral proteinase HC-Pro by site-directed mutagenesis. Virology 173:692-699.
24. Palmer, G. A., L. Kuo, Z. Chen, K. S. Faaberg, and P. G. W. Plagemann. Sequence of the genome of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus: heterogenicity between strains P and C. Virology, in press.
25. Plagemann, P. G. W., and V. Moennig. 1991. Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus, equine arteritis virus, and simian haemorrhagic fever virus: a new group of positive-stranded RNA viruses. Adv. Virus Res. 41:99-192.
26. Polgar, L., and P. Halasz. 1982. Current problems in mechanistic studies of serine and cysteine proteinase. Biochem. J. 207:1-10.
27. Shapira, R., and D. L. Nuss. 1991. Gene expression by a hypovirulence-associated virus of the chestnut blight fungus involves two papainlike protease activities. Essential residues and cleavage site requirements for p48 autoproteolysis. J. Biol. Chem. 266:19419-19425.
28. Snijder, E. J., and M. C. Horzinek. 1993. Toroviruses: replication, evolution and comparison with other members of the coronaviruslike superfamily. J. Gen. Virol. 74:2305-2316.
29. Snijder, E. J., A. L. M. Wassenaar, and W. J. M. Spaan. 1992. The 5′ end of the equine arteritis virus replicase gene encodes a papainlike cysteine protease. J. Virol. 66:7040-7048.
30. Snijder, E. J., A. L. M. Wassenaar, and W. J. M. Spaan. 1994. Proteolytic processing of the replicase ORF1a protein of equine arteritis virus. J. Virol. 68:5755-5764.
31. Snijder, E. J., A. L. M. Wassenaar, and W. J. M. Spaan, and A. E. Gorbalenya. The arterivirus nsp2 protease: an unusual cysteine protease with primary structure similarities to both papainlike and chymotrypsinlike proteases. J. Biol. Chem., in press.
32. Snijder, E. J., A. L. M. Wassenaar, L. C. van Dinten, A. E. Gorbalenya, and W. J. M. Spaan. Unpublished data.