Stressful life events, genetic liability, and onset of an episode of major depression in women

American Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 152, Issue 6, 1995, Pages 833-842

  Kendler, Kenneth S ^a   Kessler, Ronald C ^a   Walters, Ellen E ^a   MacLean, Charles ^a   Neale, Michael C ^a   Heath, Andrew C ^a   Eaves, Lindon J ^a  

^a VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ASSAULT; DEATH; DEPRESSION; DIVORCE; FEMALE; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION; GENETIC RISK; HEREDITY; HUMAN; LIFE EVENT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MEDICAL LIABILITY; MENTAL STRESS; MONOZYGOTIC TWINS; ONSET AGE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT;

EID: 0029052174     PISSN: 0002953X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1176/ajp.152.6.833     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Burton R: The Anatomy of Melancholy, vol 1 (1621). New York, EP Dutton, 1932
2. Bonhoeffer K: How far should all psychogenic illnesses be regarded as hysterical? (1909), in Themes and Variations in European Psychiatry: An Anthology. Edited by Hirsch SR, Shepherd M. Charlottesville, University Press of Virginia, 1974
3. Brown GW, Harris T: Social Origins of Depression: A Study of Psychiatric Disorder in Women. New York, Free Press, 1978
4. Thoits PA: Dimensions of life events that influence psychological distress: an evaluation and synthesis of the literature, in Psychosocial Stress: Trends in Theory and Research. Edited by Kaplan HB. New York, Academic Press, 1983
5. Tsuang MT, Faraone SV: The Genetics of Mood Disorders. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990
6. Kendler KS, Neale MC, Kessler RC, Heath AC, Eaves LJ: A population-based twin study of major depression in women: the impact of varying definitions of illness. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992; 49:257-266
7. Strecker EA: A preliminary study of the precipitating situation in two hundred cases of mental disease. Am J Psychiatry 1922; 78: 503-536
8. Pollitt J: The relationship between genetic and precipitating factors in depressive illness. Br J Psychiatry 1972; 121:67-70
9. Perris H, von Knorring L, Perris C: Genetic vulnerability for depression and life events. Neuropsychobiology 1982; 8:241-247
10. Phelan J, Schwartz JE, Bromet EJ, Dew MA, Parkinson DK, Schulberg HC, Dunn LO, Blane H, Curtis EC: Work stress, family stress and depression in professional and managerial employees. Psychol Med 1991; 21:999-1012
11. McGuffin P, Katz R, Bebbington P: The Camberwell Collaborative Depression Study, III: depression and adversity in the relatives of depressed probands. Br J Psychiatry 1988; 152:775-782
12. Kendler KS, Eaves LJ: Models for the joint effect of genotype and environment on liability to psychiatric illness. Am J Psychiatry 1986; 143:279-289
13. Rothman KJ: Modern Epidemiology. Boston, Little, Brown, 1986
14. Kendler KS, Neale MC, Kessler RC, Heath AC, Eaves LJ: A longitudinal twin study of 1-year prevalence of major depression in women. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993; 50:843-852
15. Kendler KS, Kessler RC, Neale MC, Heath AC, Eaves LJ: The prediction of major depression in women: toward an integrated etiologic model. Am J Psychiatry 1993; 150:1139-1148
16. Paykel ES: Contribution of life events to causation of psychiatric illness. Psychol Med 1978; 8:245-253
17. Costello CG: Social factors associated with depression: a retrospective community study. Psychol Med 1982; 12:329-339
18. Surtees PG, Miller PM, Ingham JG, Kreitman NB, Rennie D, Sashidharan SP: Life events and the onset of affective disorder: a longitudinal general population study. J Affect Disord 1986; 10: 37-50
19. Bebbington PE, Sturt E, Tennant C, Hurry J: Misfortune and resilience: a community study of women. Psychol Med 1984; 14: 347-363
20. Bebbington PE, Tennant C, Hurry J: Adversity and the nature of psychiatric disorder in the community. J Affect Disord 1981; 3: 345-366
21. Finlay-Jones R, Brown GW: Types of stressful life events and the onset of anxiety and depressive disorders. Psychol Med 1981; 11:803-815
22. Gilbert P: Depression: The Evolution of Powerlessness. New York, Guilford Press, 1992
23. Brown GW, Harris TO: Depression, in Life Events and Illness. Edited by Brown GW, Harris TO. New York, Guilford Press, 1989
24. Bohman M, Sigvardsson S, Cloninger CR: Maternal inheritance of alcohol abuse: cross-fostering analysis of adopted women. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981; 38:965-969
25. Cloninger CR, Bohman M, Sigvardsson S: Inheritance of alcohol abuse: cross-fostering analysis of adopted men. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981; 38:861-868
26. Cadoret RJ, Troughton E, O'Gorman TW: Genetic and environmental factors in alcohol abuse and antisocial personality. J Stud Alcohol 1987; 48:1-8
27. Cadoret RJ, Cain CA, Crowe RR: Evidence for gene-enviroment interaction in the development of adolescent antisocial behavior. Behav Genet 1983; 13:301-310
28. Tienari P: Interaction between genetic vulnerability and family environment: the Finnish Adoptive Family Study of Schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1991; 84:460-465
29. Everitt BS, Smith AMR: Interactions in contingency tables: a brief discussion of alternative definitions. Psychol Med 1979; 9: 581-583
30. Kish L, Frankel MR: Inferences from complex samples. J Royal Statistical Society Series B 1974; 36:1-37
31. Neale MC, Cardon LR: Methodology for Genetic Studies of Twins and Families. Dordrecht, The Netherlands, Kluwer Academic, 1992
32. Sham PC, Walters EE, Neale MC, Heath AC, MacLean CJ, Kendler KS: Logistic regression analysis of twin data: estimation of parameters of the multifactorial liability-threshold model. Behav Genet 1994; 24:229-238
33. Allison PD: Event History Analysis. Beverly Hills, Calif, Sage, 1984
34. Kendler KS, Neale MC, Kessler RC, Heath AC, Eaves LJ: A twin study of recent life events and difficulties. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993; 50:589-596
35. Allison PD: Discrete-time methods for the analysis of event histories, in Sociological Methodology. Edited by Leinhardt S. San Francisco, Jossey-Bass, 1982
36. Laird N, Olivier D: Covariance analysis of censored survival data using log-linear analysis techniques. J Am Statistical Assoc 1981; 76:231-240
37. Falconer DS: Introduction to Quantitative Genetics, 3rd ed. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1989
38. DeFries JC, Fulker DW: Multiple regression analysis of twin data. Behav Genet 1985; 15:467-474
39. Falconer DS: The inheritance of liability to certain diseases, estimated from the incidence among relatives. Ann Hum Genet 1965; 29:51-76
40. SAS/STAT User's Guide, version 6, 4th ed, vols 1, 2. Cary, NC, SAS Institute, 1990
41. Cox DR: The Analysis of Binary Data. London, Methuen, 1970
42. Fleiss J: Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions, 2nd ed. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1981