In Finland insulin gene region encoded susceptibility to IDDM exerts maximum effect when there is low HLA-DR associated risk

Diabetologia

Volumn 38, Issue 10, 1995, Pages 1223-1229

  Metcalfe, K A ^a   Hitman, G A ^a   Fennessy, M J ^a   McCarthy, M I ^a   Tuomilehto, J ^b   Tuomilehto Wolf, E ^b  

^a ROYAL LONDON HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b NATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE   (Finland)

Author keywords

genetic susceptibility; haplotype; HLA; Insulin gene; insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Indexed keywords

HLA DR ANTIGEN;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FAMILIAL DISEASE; FEMALE; FINLAND; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; HUMAN; INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR;

ADOLESCENT; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CHROMOSOME MAPPING; CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN, PAIR 11; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DIABETES MELLITUS, INSULIN-DEPENDENT; DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY; EUROPE; FINLAND; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; GENOTYPE; HLA-DR ANTIGENS; HLA-DR4 ANTIGEN; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; INFANT; INSULIN; POLYMORPHISM (GENETICS); REFERENCE VALUES; RISK FACTORS; SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T; SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, P.H.S.;

EID: 0029048315     PISSN: 0012186X     EISSN: 14320428     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF00422373     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Measuring the genetic contribution of a single locus to a multilocus disease
2. Assessing the role of HLA-linked and unlinked determinants of disease
3. A genome-wide search for human type 1 diabetes susceptibility genes
4. Histocompatibility antigens, lymphocytoxic antibodies and tissue antibodies in patients with diabetes mellitus
5. HLA antigens and diabetes mellitus
6. Type 1 diabetes and the HLA-D locus
7. The genetic susceptibility to type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes: analysis of the HLA-DR association
8. New HLA DNA polymorphisms associated with autoimmune diseases
9. HLA-DQ Β gene contributes to susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
10. A combination of HLA-DQ Β Asp 57-negative and HLA-DQα Arg52 confers susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
11. HLA haplotypes in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: molecular analysis of the HLA-DQ locus
12. DR3, DR4 heterozygosity is not the reason for the high incidence of IDDM in Finland
13. New susceptibility haplotype for type 1 diabetes
14. A gene in the HLA class 1 region contributes to susceptibility to IDDM in the Finnish population
15. Genetic mapping of a susceptibility locus for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus on chromosome 11q
16. A locus on chromosome 15q26 (IDDM 3) produces susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
17. Linkage disequilibrium mapping of a type 1 diabetes susceptibility gene (IDDM 7) to chromosome 2q31–q33
18. The HOXD8 locus is linked to type 1 diabetes. Interaction with chromosome 6 and 11 disease susceptibility genes
19. A polymorphic locus near the human insulin gene is associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
20. Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes and a highly variable locus close to the insulin gene on chromosome 11
21. Restriction fragment length polymorphism of the insulin gene in diabetes mellitus
22. An analysis of amplified insulin gene products in diabetics of Indian origin
23. Insulin-IGF2 region on chromosome 11p encodes a gene implicated in HLA-DR4-dependent diabetes susceptibility
24. Insulin gene region encoded susceptibility to type 1 diabetes is not restricted to HLA-DR4-positive individuals
25. Susceptibility to insulin dependent diabetes mellitus maps to a 4.1 kb segment of DNA spanning the insulin gene and associated VNTR
26. Localization of a type 1 diabetes susceptibility locus to the variable tandem repeat region flanking the insulin gene
27. Susceptibility to human type 1 diabetes at IDDM 2 is determined by tandem repeat variation at the insulin gene minisatellite locus
28. The minisatellite in the diabetes susceptibility locus IDDM2 regulates insulin transcription
29. HLA-DR and the 5′ insulin gene polymorphism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
30. 5′ insulin gene polymorphism confers risk to IDDM independently of HLA Class II susceptibility
31. IDDM susceptibility associated with polymorphisms in the insulin gene region. A study of Blacks, Caucasians and Orientals
32. Susceptibility loci in ICA positive subjects, IDDM and other autoimmune disease: implications for disease prediction
33. Restriction fragment length polymorphism of the insulin gene in Japanese diabetic and non-diabetic subjects
34. The genetic predisposition to fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes
35. DQA1 and DQB1 heterodimers in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. A genetic-epidemicology study in Finland
36. Epidemiology of childhood diabetes mellitus in Finland — background of a nationwide study of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus
37. Geographic patterns of childhood insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
38. Genetic susceptibility to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and glucose intolerance are located in the HLA region
39. Autoimmune renal disease and tumour necrosis factor Β gene polymorphism
40. Direct PCR from CVS and blood lysates for detection of cystic fibrosis and Duchenne muscular dystrophy deletions
41. The analysis of several 2×2 contingency tables
42. Sequence of the human insulin gene
43. Genetic variation in the human insulin gene
44. A variant insulin promoter in non-insulin-dependent diabetes
45. Polymorphism at the 5′ end flanking region of the insulin gene is associated with reduced insulin secretion in healthy individuals' secretion
46. Polymorphism in the 5′ flanking region of the insulin gene and its potential relation to cardiovascular disease risk: observations in a biracial community. The Bogalusa Heart Study
47. The hyper-insulinaemia of obesity is associated with polymorphisms in the 5′ flanking region of the insulin gene