Outcome of Treatment for Childhood Cancer in Black as Compared With White Children: The St Jude Children's Research Hospital Experience, 1962 Through 1992

JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association

Volumn 273, Issue 8, 1995, Pages 633-637

  Pui, Ching Hon ^a   Boyett, James M ^a   Hancock, Michael L ^a   Pratt, Charles B ^a   Meyer, William H ^a   Crist, William M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACUTE GRANULOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA; ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; CANCER SURVIVAL; CAUCASIAN; CHILD; CHILDHOOD CANCER; EWING SARCOMA; GERM CELL TUMOR; HODGKIN DISEASE; HUMAN; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; NEGRO; NEPHROBLASTOMA; NEUROBLASTOMA; NEWBORN; NONHODGKIN LYMPHOMA; OSTEOSARCOMA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETINOBLASTOMA; RHABDOMYOSARCOMA; SOFT TISSUE SARCOMA; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0028939308     PISSN: 00987484     EISSN: 15383598     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/jama.1995.03520320043039     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Boring CC, Squires TS, Heath CW Jr. Cancer statistics for African Americans. CA Cancer J Clin. 1992;42:7-17.
2. Boring CC, Squires TS, Tong T. Cancer statistics, 1992. CA Cancer J Clin. 1992;42:19-38.
3. Aziz H, Rotman M, Thelmo W, et al. Radiation-treated carcinoma of prostate: comparison of survival of black and white patients by Gleason's Grading System. Am J Clin Oncol. 1988;11:166-171.
4. Dayal HH, Power RN, Chiu C. Race and socioeconomic status in survival from breast cancer. J Chronic Dis. 1982;35:675-683.
5. Ownby HE, Frederick J, Russo J, et al. Racial differences in breast cancer patients. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1985;75:55-60.
6. Bain RP, Greenberg RS, Whitaker JP. Racial differences in survival of women with breast cancer. J Chronic Dis. 1986;39:631-642.
7. Bassett MT, Krieger N. Social class and black-white differences in breast cancer survival. Am J Public Health. 1986;76:1400-1403.
8. Dansey RD, Hessel PA, Browde S, et al. Lack of a significant independent effect of race on survival in breast cancer. Cancer. 1988;61:1908-1912.
9. Dayal H, Polissar L, Yang CY, Dahlberg S. Race, socioeconomic status, and other prognostic factors for survival from colo-rectal cancer. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40:857-864.
10. Howard J, Hankey BF, Greenberg RS, et al. A collaborative study of differences in the survival rates of black patients and white patients with cancer. Cancer. 1992;69:2349-2360.
11. Steinhorn SC, Myers MH, Hankey BF, Pelham VF. Factors associated with survival differences between black women and white women with cancer of the uterine corpus. Am J Epidemiol. 1986; 124:85-93.
12. Bain RP, Greenberg RS, Chung KC. Racial differences in survival of women with endometrial cancer. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1987;157:914-923.
13. Klingemann H-G, Deeg HJ, Self S, Thomas ED, Storb R. Is race a risk factor for allogeneic marrow transplantation? Bone Marrow Transplant. 1986;1: 87-94.
14. Reintgen DS, McCarty KM Jr, Cox E, Seigler HF. Malignant melanoma in black American and white American populations. JAMA. 1982;248:1856-1859.
15. Ragland KE, Selvin S, Merrill DW. Black-white differences in stage-specific cancer survival: analysis of seven selected sites. Am J Epidemiol. 1991; 133:672-682.
16. Broder S. The challenge of cancer research. Stem Cells. 1993;11:3-8.
17. Walters TR, Bushore M, Simone J. Poor prognosis in negro children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer. 1972;29:210-214.
18. Reaman GH, Leikin SL. Racial variation in the frequency of immunological subtypes of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Prog Cancer Res Ther. 1984;27:163-168.
19. Sather H, Honour R, Sposto R, Level C, Hammond D. Differences in the presentation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in black children and white children: a report from the Epidemiology Committee of the Children's Cancer Study Group. Prog Cancer Res Ther. 1984;27:179-187.
20. Falletta JM, Boyett J, Pullen DJ, et al. Clinical and phenotypic features of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia in whites, blacks, and Hispanics: a Pediatric Oncology Group study. Prog Cancer Res Ther. 1984;27:191-195.
21. Kalwinsky DK, Rivera G, Dahl GV, et al. Variation by race in presenting clinical and biologic features of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: implications for treatment outcome. Leuk Res. 1985; 9:817-823.
22. Young JL, Ries LG, Silverberg E, Horm JW, Miller RW. Cancer incidence, survival, and mortality for children younger than age 15 years. Cancer. 1986;58:598-602.
23. Birch JM, Marsden HB, Morris Jones PH, Pearson D, Blair V. Improvements in survival from childhood cancer: results of a population based survey over 30 years. BMJ. 1988;296:1372-1376.
24. Pediatric Oncology Group. Progress against childhood cancer: the Pediatric Oncology Group experience. Pediatrics. 1992;89:597-600.
25. Cox DR, Lewis PAW. The Statistical Analysis of Series of Events. London, England: Methuen & Co Ltd; 1968:229-237.
26. Kaplan EL, Meier P. Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J Am Stat Assoc. 1958;53:457-481.
27. Peto R, Pike MC, Armitage P, et al. Design and analysis of randomized clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient, II: analysis and examples. Br J Cancer. 1977;35:1-39.
28. Mantel N, Haenszel W. Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1958;22:719-748.
29. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group. Treatment of Early Breast Cancer: Worldwide Evidence 1985-1990. New York, NY: Oxford University Press Inc; 1990:1.
30. Miller RW. Frequency and environmental epidemiology of childhood cancer. In: Pizzo RA, Poplack DG, eds. Principles and Practice of Pediatric Oncology. Philadelphia, Pa: JB Lippincott; 1989:3-18.
31. Pui C-H, Behm FG, Crist WM. Clinical and biologic relevance of immunologic marker studies in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 1993;82:343-362.
32. Pui C-H, Crist WM, Look AT. Biology and clinical significance of cytogenetic abnormalities in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 1990; 76:1449-1463.
33. Pui C-H, Ribeiro RC, Hancock ML, et al. Acute myeloid leukemia in children treated with epipodophyllotoxins for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:1682-1687.
34. Evans WE, Rodman J, Relling MV, et al. Individualized dosages of chemotherapy as a strategy to improve response for acute lymphocytic leukemia. Semin Hematol. 1991;28:15-21.
35. Rivera GK, Pinkel D, Simone JV, Hancock ML, Crist WM. Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia: 30 years' experience at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. N Engl J Med. 1993;329:1289-1295.
36. Kitagawa EM, Hauser PM. Differential Mortality in the United States: A Study in Socioeconomic Epidemiology. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press; 1973.
37. Pappas G, Queen S, Hadden W, Fisher G. The increasing disparity in mortality between socioeconomic groups in the United States, 1960 and 1986. N Engl J Med. 1993;324:103-109.
38. Lipshultz SE, Colan SD, Gelber RD, Perez-Atayde AR, Sallan SE, Sanders SP. Late cardiac effects of doxorubicin therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. N Engl J Med. 1991; 324:808-815.
39. Neglia JP, Meadows AT, Robison LL, et al. Second neoplasms after acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:1330-1336.
40. Blatt J, Olshan A, Gula MJ, Dickman PS, Zaranek B. Second malignancies in very-long-term survivors of childhood cancer. Am J Med. 1992;93: 57-60.
41. Meadows AT, Kramer S, Hopson R, Lustbader E, Jarrett P, Evans AE. Survival in childhood acute lymphocytic leukaemia: effect of protocol and place of treatment. Cancer Invest. 1983;1:49-55.
42. Kramer S, Meadows AT, Pastore G, Jarrett P, Bruce D. Influence of place of treatment on diagnosis, treatment and survival in three pediatric solid tumors. J Clin Oncol. 1984;2:917-923.
43. Lennox EL, Stiller CA, Morris Jones PH, Kinnier LWM. Nephroblastoma: treatment during 1970-3 and the effect on survival of inclusion in the first MRC trial. BMJ. 1979;2:567-569.
44. Stiller CA. Centralisation of treatment and survival rates for cancer. Arch Dis Child. 1988;63:23-30.
45. Angell M. Privilege and health—what is the connection? N Engl J Med. 1993;329:126-127.
46. Novakovic B. U.S. childhood cancer survival, 1973-1987. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1994;23:480-486.